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Pre-Islamic Arabia

Early IslamThe Teaching

of IslamMuslim

ExpansionKey Terms

(define)

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How would you characterize pre-Islamic Arabia, in terms of religion?

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polytheistic

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What was the role of Mecca before Islam?

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Sacred meeting place; polytheistic idols were kept in Kaaba; trading

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What was the most important economic activity in Pre-Islamic

Arabia?

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trading or merchants or caravans

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What is the term for a leader or successor of Muhammad?

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caliph

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Why did Muslims panic when Muhammad died?

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Didn’t know how to choose a successor and thought Islam

wouldn’t survive with out the Prophet Muhammad

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Because Muhammad didn’t leave a successor, it caused a split among Muslims. Name the two groups.

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Sunni and Shia

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Explain the different beliefs between the Shia and Sunni.

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Sunni: anyone can be the caliph if they are a good Muslim and leaderShia: only a blood relative (family member) of Muhammad can be a caliph

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What did Muhammad do about the Kaaba when he returned to Mecca in

triumph in 630AD?

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He destroyed the idols in the Kaaba.

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What is the holy book of Islam?

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The Qur’an

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What is the Sunna (Hadith)?

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The collected says and traditions of Prophet Muhammad.

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What does Islam mean?

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submission to God’s will

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Muslims believe Muhammad was…

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prophet or messenger of God

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Who are called “people of the book” by Muslims? Why?

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Christians and JewsThey share the same prophets

(Abraham, Moses, Jesus).

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What were Janissaries?

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slave soldiers in the Ottoman army

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How did Jews influence the culture of Cordoba?

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held key jobs, poets, philosophers, scientists

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In what ways were Cordoba and Baghdad similar?

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They were both centers of culture and learning.

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Describe the land that the Ottoman empire conquered.

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Conquered the Byzantine Empire, eventually ruled lands from eastern Europe to North Africa and Arabia;

Constantinople became Istanbul

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Define how Muslims used tolerance when conquering a new people.

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They allowed Jews and Christians to keep their religion but they had to pay special taxes; they accepted other people’s religious beliefs.

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Mecca

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Holiest city to Muslims, face this city to pray, location of the Kaaba

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Ramadan

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the holy month of fasting

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shah

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the leader of the Safavid Empire; king

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jihad

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to make an effort or to struggle; an inner struggle to obey God

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Name all 5 Pillars of Faith

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1. Statement of Faith: There is no God, but God, and Muhammad is his prophet2. Daily prayer3. Donation to charity4. Fasting/Ramandan5. Hajj/Pilgrimage to Mecca


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