2. worms
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Transcript of 2. worms
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Between the Tides
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The Sponges: Phylum Porifera
e.g. Haliclona sp
• Multicellular• No tissues• Sessile • Filter feeders
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The Sponges: Phylum Porifera
• Characterized by their spicules– Calcium– Spongin– silica
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The Sponges: Phylum Porifera Filter Feeders
Filtering Barrel and Chimney Sponges.flv
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The Sponges: Phylum Porifera
Sessile?
Not Always
Thanks to their symbiotic friend the Hermit crab
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The Sponges: Phylum PoriferaSponges: defense
• many sponges produce toxins and have bright warning colouration
• some sponge toxins work against other sponges competing for space
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The Sponges: Phylum Porifera
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The Sponges: Phylum Porifera
• Glass Sponge Reefs
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The Sponges: Phylum Porifera Our Reefs
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Sea Anemone and JelliesPhylum Cnidaria
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Sea Anemone and JelliesPhylum Cnidaria
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Sea Anemone and Jellies - Phylum CnidariaClass Scyphozoa
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Sea Anemone and Jellies - Phylum CnidariaClass Scyphozoa
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Sea Anemone and Jellies - Phylum CnidariaClass Scyphozoa
Alternations of Generations
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Sea Anemone and Jellies - Phylum Cnidaria Class Hydrozoa
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Sea Anemone and Jellies - Phylum Cnidaria Class Hydrozoa
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Sea Anemone and Jellies - Phylum Cnidaria
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Sea Anemone and Jellies - Phylum Cnidaria Class Anthozoa
• Jellies not present during their lifecycle
• Have stinging cells called nematocysts
• Carnivores• Can move on their
pedal foot and some can swim.
• Corals also found within this class
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Anemone Reproduction
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Sea Anemone and Jellies - Phylum Cnidaria
Class AnthozoaSplitting Anemone
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Sea Anemone and Jellies - Phylum Cnidaria
Class AnthozoaSwimming Anemone
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Sea Anemone and Jellies - Phylum Cnidaria Class Anthozoa
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FlatwormsPhylum Platyhelminthes
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FlatwormsPhylum Platyhelminthes
• Bilaterally symetrical• Dorsoventrally
flattened• Very motile• Digestive system with
a mouth but no anus• No circulatory system• Do have an excretory
system• Cephalization
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FlatwormsPhylum Platyhelminthes
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FlatwormsPhylum Platyhelminthes
Swimming
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FlatwormsPhylum Platyhelminthes
Hermaphroditic
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FlatwormsPhylum Platyhelminthes
Regenerative
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Ribbon Worms – Phylum Nemertea
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Ribbon Worms – Phylum Nemertea
• Bilateral• Movement via mucus,
cilia and muscles• Carnivores• Mouth and anus• Circulatory and
excretory system
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Ribbon Worms – Phylum Nemertea
Unusual Characteristic
• Muscular eversible proboscis
• Rynchocoel
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Ribbon Worms – Phylum Nemertea
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Ribbon Worms – Phylum Nemertea
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Ribbon Worms – Phylum Nemertea
Proboscis
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Worms with LegsPhylum Annelida
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Worms with Legs - Phylum Annelida
Nereis sp.• Phylum also includes
earth worms and leeches
• Segmented bodies and organs
• Motile or sessile• Carnivores with jaws• Epitoky
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Worms with Legs - Phylum Annelida
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Worms with Legs - Phylum AnnelidaClass Polychaeta
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Worms with Legs - Phylum AnnelidaClass Polychaeta
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Worms with Legs - Phylum Annelida Class Polychaeta
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Worms with Legs - Phylum AnnelidaEudistylia vancouverii
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Worms with Legs - Phylum Annelida
Epitoky
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Worms with Legs - Phylum AnnelidaEpitoky
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Worms with Legs - Phylum AnnelidaScale worms - free living and symbiotic
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Phylum Mollusca
Almost all have the following in common:
– Mantle– Foot– radula
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Whelks, Nudibranchs and Limpets collectively known as Gastropods
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Nucella sp.
• 90 – 180 o Torsion• Shells smooth or
fringed (in sheltered waters)
• Some may develop fringe in the presence of predators
• Drill and feed on barnacles
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Archidoris sp.
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Rostanga and Aeolidia
• Lost torsion and shell during development
• Feed on sponges and anemones
• Incorporate spicules or nematocysts for defense
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Tectura sp
• Shell torsion lost during development
• Algae grazers• Very territorial with
other limpets
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Chitons also called Polyplacophora
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Mopalia sp.
• 8 shell plates– Bound by a leather
girdle so that they can roll up into a ball
• Graze on algae• No eyes or tentacles
but have light sensors built in their shell
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Katharina sp.
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Phylum Arthropoda
• More than 900,000 known species
• Marine, fresh water, terrestrial and airborne
• Temperature extremes
• Have an exoskeleton• Jointed appendages• molt
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Pycnogonid – sea spider
• Body not divided into distinct regions
• Very slow moving• Appendages at the
head which are used to groom the opposite sex’s legs and are used by the males to carry fertilized eggs
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Isopods, Amphipods, Shrimp and Crabs collectively known as
Crustaceans
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Sea StarPhylum Echinodermata
• Penta radial• An endo skeleton
made up of Calcareous ossicles
• Tube feet• Connective tissue is
mutable meaning it can rapidly change from stiff to fluid.
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Sea StarPhylum Echinodermata
• Penta radial• An endo skeleton
made up of Calcareous ossicles
• Tube feet• Connective tissue is
mutable meaning it can rapidly change from stiff to fluid.