PROJECTED VISUALPresented by Abd. Ghofur, M. Pd

Projected visuals refers to media formats in which still images are projected onto a screen

Such projection is usually achieved by passing a strong light through transparent film, it magnifying the image through a series of lenses, and casting the this image onto a reflective surface. Examples : overhead transparencies,

slides, and film-strips)

Opaque projection

It is a method for projectin opaque visuals by reflecting light off the material rather than transmitting light through it.

The opaque projector was among the first audio visual devices to come into wide-sprea use and is still used because of its unique ability to project a magnified image of two dimensional materials and some three-three dimensional objects.

Opaque projection

The opaque projector works by directing a very strong incandenscent light (typcally about 1000 watts) down onto the material.

This light is reflected upward to strike a mirror which aims the light beam through a series of lenses onto a screen

Opaque projection

The process of reflected, or indirect, projection is optically less efficient than the direct projection process used for showing slides, filmstrips,

and overhead transparencies. Consequently, the image on the

screen is dimmer and much more complete room darkening is required

Advantages

Opaque projection allows on the spot projection of readily available classroom materials, such as maps, newspapers, and illustrations from books and magazines

It permits group viewing and discussion of student work, such as drawings, student composition, solutions to math problems, and the like

Three dimensional objects especially relatively flat ones such as coins, plant leaves, and insect speciements, can be magnified for close up inspection

Disadvantages

Should be in darkening room Heavy to move High wattage lamp generate Raising the room temperature The heat may damage the

object/materials being projected

Overhead projection

The projector is operated from the front of the room with the presenter facing the audience, allowing the direct eye contanct to be maintained

A variety of materials can be projected, including cutout silhouttes, small opaque objects, and many type of transparencies

Overhead projection

Projected materials can be manipulated by the presenter. You can point to important items, high-light them with colored pens, add details during the lesson (notes, diagrams, etc) by marking on the transparancy with a marking pen, cover par of the message and progressively reveal information in a step-by-step procedure.

limitations

The effectiveness of overhead projection presentations is heavily dependent on the presenter.

The overhead projector cannot be programmed to display visual sequences by itself, nor is an audio accompaniment provided.

The projection system is deigned for large-group presentation

Limitation

Printed materials and other non-transparent items, such as magazine illustrations, cannot be projected immediately, as is possible with the opaque projector.

To use the overhead system such materials have to be made into transparancies by means of some sort of “production” process

Slides

The term slide refers to a small format photographic trasparency individually mounted for one at a time projection

As photographic equipment is continually refined and simplified, more and more amateur are able to procedure their own slides.