964 860overview Principles of Conservation Tourism

Donruetai Kovathanakul, Ph.D.Tourism Mgt Dept.,

Faculty of Management Sciences, Khon Kaen University

ทำ�คว�มตกลงเก่ียวกับเง่ือนไขก�ร เรยีน ร�ยง�นและเง่ือนไขร�ยวชิ�

Course Syllabus

ก�รว�งแผนพฒัน�โดยใชแ้นวคิดก�รท่องเที่ยว เชงิอนุรกัษ์ที่เรยีนม� แนวคิดหลักมอีะไรบ�้ง

ส�ม�รถนำ�วชิ�ที่เรยีนทัง้หมดในภ�คก�รศึกษ�ที่ผ่�นม�ประยุกต์เป็นภ�พรวมได้

1 กลุ่ม 2 คน 15 น�ที Share idea ตรวจสอบ

Pre Test

Nature Culture Cultural Landscape

Charters & Laws History Project Feasibility Stakeholders Government Policy Contemporary Issues Planning – destination, spatial

strategies, Interpretation Green / Conservation Business

Development Marketing Risk management Standard Assessment Best Practice

overview

ความหมายและลักษณะของทรพัยากรท่องเท่ียว

ลักษณะของทรพัย�กรท่องเท่ียว

1. คว�มดึงดดูใจ(Attraction)1.คว�มง�มต�มธรรมช�ติ2.เหตกุ�รณ์สำ�คัญเฉพ�ะก�ล

2. คว�มส�ม�รถในก�รเข�้ ถึงง่�ย

(Accessibility)3. คว�มประทับใจ

(Amenity)มห�วทิย�ลัยสโุขทัยธร

รม�ธริ�ช

5 A แบบ 1 สำ�หรบัทท. ชุมชน โดยมรภ.เพชรบุรี

1. Attitude2. Access3. Accommodation4. Attractions5. Advertising6 A แบบท่ี 2 update

**1.Access2.Attractions3.Activities4.Accommodation5.Amenities6. Ancillary Service

6 A แบบท่ี 11. Attitude2. Access3. Accommodation4. Attractions5. Advertising6. Ancillary Service

Destination

ACCESS

ATTRACTIONS

ACTIVITIES

ACCOMMODATION

ANCILLARY SERVICES

AMENITIES

Visitor demand and marketing activity Converting resources into attractions Accommodation and transport Relationship to sustainable development Tourism trends and the destination lifecycle

Booth, 2008

Destinations

Access Various types All types important to a destination Generally need most of them at a

destination to make it easier to reach Can therefore make it a more popular

destination

Major form of access especially to a foreign destination

Airports needs to be close to destination Facilitate domestic and international

tourists ‘Hub’ = major airport (Heathrow) ‘Spoke’ = regional airport, has regular

flights to and from ‘hub’ e.g. Manchester

Air

For domestic and international Domestic – travel via car, motorbike, coach International – transfers via taxi, coach, car

rental, public transport

Roads

Access to destination via water Ferries – passengers and cars Cruise ships – passengers

Ports

Domestic and international Can be used for day-trips, travel between

major cities Holiday in itself – long distances within one

country or across several countries

RAIL

Access affects those less-able bodied Adaptation of transport for disabled people Adaptation of destination for disabled

people◦ Beach, hotels, parking etc

Disability

Important as gives direction to destination and attractions and facilities

Road signs – for attractions and facilities

Pedestrian signs – for attractions or walking routes

Signage

Think! Name a major access example for each

within Thailand :◦ Air (not Suvarnabhumi !)◦ Road◦ Port◦ Rail

Attractions “generally single units, individual sites or

very small, easily delimited geographical areas based on a single key feature”

(Swarbrooke, 2002) ‘Pull’ factor for a destination Can be the deciding factor in a holiday

choice

Natural AttractionsScenery, nature, views

Type of natural attraction

Beaches •‘Sunlust’ tourist; 3S•Beautiful view, location•Soft sand, clear water•Safe environment for families

Flora and fauna(Plants and animals)

•Appreciation of F&F at destination•Birds or species-watching•See F&F in natural environment

Lakes •Beautiful scenery•Water-based activities: sailing, canoeing, fishing

Mountains •Unique environment•Extreme sports activities: climbing, skiing, walking

Rivers •Water-based holidays: cruises, boating•Water-based activities: water-skiing, fishing

Topography •‘The shape of composition of the landscape’ (Dale, 2005)•Natural scenery can be the attraction•Aesthetic beauty•Escapism•Generally protected areas e.g. National Parks, Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB)

Built/Man-made Attractions

Built and adapted for visitor purposes Built and designed for visitor purposes

Built attractions adapted for visitor purposes Not originally designed for visitors But major tourist attractions

◦ Historical or cultural significance Examples

◦ Castles (Windsor Castle)◦ Cathedrals (Canterbury Cathedral)◦ Historic houses (Anne Frank)◦ Steam railways◦ Workplaces (old factories etc)

Purpose-built/attractions designed for visitor purposes Supplement main attraction Built to attract more tourists to an area = ↑

in pull factor Some destinations have no natural

attractions so are built to entice tourists Examples

◦ Galleries, Museums, Theatres◦ Theme Parks, Water Parks, Wildlife Parks, Zoos◦ Leisure Centres◦ Shopping Malls◦ Visitor Centres

Temporary Attractions Festivals or events at a particular time of

the year Can be natural or man-made Natural

◦ Northern Lights, Norway Man-made

◦ Sports events: Olympics, World Cup, Grand Prix◦ Music Festivals: Glastonbury, Mardi Gras◦ Cultural Festivals: Oktoberfest, Seafood & Wine

etc

Why have temporary attractions?

Accommodation Hotels Apartments, villas, cottages Guesthouses B&B Farmhouses Campus accommodation Youth hostel Camp sites Timeshare

Star Rating Hotel•Courteous staff provide informal but competent service•Most rooms en-suite•Designated eating area (B&D)

•All rooms en-suite (private facilities)•Restaurant or dining room serves B&D daily•Staff = smart and professional•All rooms en-suite•Restaurant open to guests and non-guests

AA (Automobile Association) Accommodation Grading Standards

Star rating HotelProfessional, uniformed staff responds to needsDecent sized public areaRestaurant open to guests and non-guestsLunch available in designated areaLuxurious accommodationLuxurious public areaExtra facilitiesMultilingual servicesGuests greeted at hotel entranceHigh quality menu and wine list

AA (Automobile Association) Accommodation Grading Standards

Activities Many available at a destination Tourists will participate in different activities

according to their needs Destinations must provide ones that suit the

type of tourist visiting Two types:

◦ Active◦ Passive

Active

Some accommodation provides these activities◦ Water sports, golf, walking etc

Private companies run active organised activities

Appealing to active tourists Generally younger tourist and those more

able-bodied

Passive Can be provided by accommodation – on-

site activities◦ Bingo, quizzes, shows, reading books

Suitable for tourist who want to relax (R&R) Generally older tourists, less mobile

Amenities Extra services Meets needs of tourist Government needs to provide these to

permanent and temporary populations Number will depend on size of destination Some only found in peak season

Amenities Examples:

◦ Public toilets◦ Signage◦ Retail shopping◦ Restaurant and cafes◦ Visitor centres◦ Telecommunications◦ Emergency services

Ancillary Services Additional, supplementary services Provides support needed by tourism

industry Helps with the ‘multiplier effect’

◦ More money generated and distributed Public and private organisations Bigger the destination, more ancillary

services

Ancillary Services Examples:

◦ Car hire◦ Catering companies◦ Entertainment: bars, nightclubs, casinos◦ Foreign exchange services◦ Insurance◦ Laundry services◦ Tourism marketing services

เหมอืนหรอืแตกต่�งกันอย�่งไร

Sustainable / Green / Conservation / Eco

ต่อยอด เพิม่ค่� ห�จุดต่�ง

Thesis แผนพฒัน�ก�รท่องเท่ียวเชงิสร�้งสรรค์ ของกลุ่มช�ติพนัธุ์

จงัหวดันครพนม / น�งส�วอ�ทิตย�พร อรุณ พพิฒัน์พงศ์ 2554

Creative Tourism