1f physics (meas-instr)
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Transcript of 1f physics (meas-instr)
The World of PHYSICS…
VARIOUS AND COMMON EXAMPLES OF MEASURING TOOLS:
foot rule – simply known as ruler
pull-push rule – known as the
carpenter’s best friend
The World of PHYSICS…
EXAMPLE OF MEASURING TOOL:A vernier caliper is a wrenchlike tool that can directly measure small lengths. Once the caliper is adjusted to the width of the measured object, a reading is taken from a scale on the tool.
The World of PHYSICS…
Slide rule - was a standard tool for engineers and scientists.
Operating on the principle that all mathematical computations may be carried out on sets of sliding
scales, the device looks much like a heavily calibrated ruler with a
movable mid-section.
The World of PHYSICS…
EXAMPLE OF MEASURING TOOL:
Beam Scale – is often found in doctor’s offices, the beam scale uses small adjustable
weights called poises to balance the load. The weight
is measured from markings on the beam.
The World of PHYSICS…
EXAMPLE OF MEASURING TOOLS:Outdoor Thermometer – like a red-dyed alcohol thermometer measures an outside air temperature of about 6° C (about 43° F). In a thermometer, an expanding fluid such as alcohol or mercury is trapped within a closed glass rod.
The World of PHYSICS…
EXAMPLE OF MEASURING TOOL:Mercury and digital thermometers are the most common
types of household devices for
measuring body temperature. In mercury thermometers, an
increase in warmth causes mercury to expand and rise in a glass tube. Digital thermometers measure temperature with electronic sensors.
The World of PHYSICS…
EXAMPLE OF MEASURING TOOL:
Most grandfather clocks are weight-
driven, which means they are powered by the pull of a hanging weight. A mechanism
called the escapement regulates the
incremental release of the weight’s
energy via toothed gears, which set other wheels in
motion.
The World of PHYSICS…
EXAMPLE OF MEASURING TOOL:
Ornate sandglasses like this one were once
used to mark the passage of minutes
and hours. Flipping the glass causes the fixed
amount of sand to pass though its narrow
central hole in a consistent length of
time, creating a relatively accurate
measure. Generally called hourglasses
because an hour was their standard setting
The World of PHYSICS…
EXAMPLE OF MEASURING TOOL:
This portable folding German sundial has a string gnomon (pointer), adjustable for accuracy at any latitude. As shadows fall across the sundial, the smaller dials show Italian and Babylonian hours. The dial also indicates the length of the day and the position of the sun in the zodiac.
The World of PHYSICS…
EXAMPLE OF MEASURING TOOL:This Japanese clock was regulated by weights on a moving balance bar is called a lantern clock because of its distinctive shape. it features the one-hand design common in most clocks until the 1650s.
The World of PHYSICS…
EXAMPLE OF MEASURING TOOL:Portable clocks like the
Nüremberg egg became possible
with the development of
coiled springs as a power source for timekeeping
devices.
The World of PHYSICS…
EXAMPLE OF MEASURING TOOL:
Liquid crystal forms from
various organic substances and takes its name
from the crystal-like properties of
liquids whose molecular
orientation changes when a
small electric current is applied.
It is used for digital clocks
known as LCD.
The World of PHYSICS…
EXAMPLE OF MEASURING TOOL:
NIST F-1, an atomic cesium fountain clock, replaces the NIST-7, which served as the primary United States time standard from 1993 to the end of 1999. The new atomic timekeeper is so accurate that it could run for nearly 20 million years without gaining or losing a single second.