1B Timeline Copernicus 1473-1543 Tycho 1546-1601 Kepler 1571-1630 Galileo 1564-1642 Newton...
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Transcript of 1B Timeline Copernicus 1473-1543 Tycho 1546-1601 Kepler 1571-1630 Galileo 1564-1642 Newton...
1B1B
Timeline
Copernicus
1473-1543
Tycho
1546-1601Kepler
1571-1630
Galileo
1564-1642
Newton
1642-1727
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Geocentric (Ptolemaic)
System• The accepted model for
1400 years• The earth is at the center• The Sun, stars, and
planets revolve around the earth: explains daily movement
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Heliocentric (Copernican) System
• Sun at center (heliocentric)• Uniform, circular motion• Moon orbited the earth, the earth orbited
the sun as another planet
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Galileo
• Turned a telescope toward the heavens• Made observations that:
– contradicted the perfection of the heavens• Mountains, valleys, and craters on the Moon• Imperfections on the Sun (sunspots)
– Supported the heliocentric universe
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The skies change
• Tycho observed 2 phenomena that showed the heavens DO change:– Noticed a new star in the constellation
Cassiopeia– Noticed a Comet in the year 1577
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Johannes Kepler• Kepler succeeded Tycho (Tycho’s assistant) • He discovered that the earth and other
planets orbit around the sun. • Suspecting the sun had a force over the
planets, he investigated magnetism• It did lead him to the idea of elliptical
orbits.
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A force for planetary motion
• Newton proposes a force which controls the motion of the planets – GRAVITY
• The larger the mass, the larger the force of gravity
• The further the distance, the smaller the force of gravity
• Newton’s law of gravity F =mg
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Gravity