1920s – Roaring Twenties
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Transcript of 1920s – Roaring Twenties
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1920s – Roaring TwentiesUnit 8.3
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ProhibitionPassed with the 18th Amendment, but backup
with punishment with the Volstead ActWhat were the reasons behind this “Noble
Experiment?”Did these reasons work?What are some reasons the politically involving
immigrants?What was the major negative effect?
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Some 20s slang to knowWetsDrysBootleggersRum-runnersSpeakeasiesBathtub GinHooch
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Women in the “New Era”Women could now vote with the 19th
AmendmentSheppard –Towner Act (1921) aim at women
voters (prenatal/child healthcare)National Woman’s Party led by Alice Paul
pushed for the E.R.A. – Equal Rights Amendment (early feminist movement)
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Flappers“Liberated Women,” but how?
◦Prohibition effectsMargaret Sanger and __________◦Aimee McPherson – female preacher◦Amelia Earhart
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Pink Collar jobsNew jobs in “feminine” fields
Fashion, education, nursing, social workMost educated married women
still stayed at homeWhat were Boston Marriages?
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Any changes in one generation?
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The Automobile ImpactFrom Model T to
Model A Impact on other
industries such as steel, glass, oil
Suburbs expanding
Changing of the landscape with roads, gas stations
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AirplanesHow did airplanes link our old
pioneer spirit with a modern invention?
Charles Lindberg – Spirit of St. Louis◦“Rugged Individualism”
Amelia Earhart
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EntertainmentRadios – by end of decade almost
every family had oneMovies – from silent films to
talkies “The Jazz Singer” starring Al Jolson – 1st
talkieMusic / Dancing
◦Jazz music Cab Calloway, Duke Ellington, Louis Armstrong
◦Jitterbug / Charleston dances“Youth Culture” develops
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SportsBaseball
◦ Babe Ruth
Boxing◦ Jack Dempsey
Horse RacingSwimming
◦ Gertrude EderleGolf
◦ Bobby Jones
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Harlem RenaissanceRebirth of Black Culture through
writing, arts, and music◦Langston Hughes◦James Weldon Johnson◦Zora Neal Hurston
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Black ScareMarcus Garvey and his United
Negro Improvement Association organized ideas of black nationalism and a back-to-Africa movement◦So what is the “black scare?”
Dubois and Randolph disagreed with movement, but endorse black pride ideas.
Would be a base for other groups in the 1960s.The Klan opposed such ideas.
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Lost GenerationThe Lost Generation writers wrote
against the materialism and conformity of the 1920s.◦F. Scott Fitzgerald – Great Gatsby◦Sinclair Lewis – Main Street, Babbit◦Was Hemingway one with Farewell to
Arms since it was against military conflicts?
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Other Writers and ArtsThe Fugitives – southern writers who
wrote of strong rural traditions (against modernism)
Bruce Barton – The Man Nobody Knows – Jesus was a businessman. Parables are ads, has 12 salesmen
Frank Lloyd Wright – architect stressing functionalism
Georgia O’Keeffe – critical of new technology and urban life as paintings were natural
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The Scopes Monkey Trial
John Scopes charged with breaking the law against teaching evolution in Tenn.
Defended by Clarence Darrow (of ACLU).
State lead attorney – William Jennings Bryan
Fined $100 at end, but…
Trial was representative of battle of Urban vs. Rural (1920 – 1st census where urban outnumbered rural).
Was representative of Fundamentalism vs. Modernism
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RevivalismAs the battle of Modernism vs.
Fundamentalism took place, there some religious happenings.
Billy SundayAimee McPherson
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Linkshttp://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=NLmmqna6t1E – 20s slang
http://marymiley.wordpress.com/ - 1920s interesting
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jez-dtD1CXc – jitterbug
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TRveIIe4uAs&feature=related – Charleston
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C77kx4FZyMQ&feature=relmfu - 20s and 50s comparison review
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Reflection QuestionsIn what ways were there conflicts
between the modern world and older traditions?
How did women change during the 1920s?
How is consumerism and materialism shown during the 1920s?
How are popular heroes (in entertainment) shown in different aspects of the 1920s?
What was the impact of the automobile and airplane?