BUILDING CONSTRUCTION 1 ARC 1523PROJECT 1 : DOCUMENTATION AND ANALYSIS PREPARED BY : FAWWAZ SUKIMAN (0311561) 17

Beam:

A beam is a horizontal structural element that is capable of withstanding load primarily by resisting bending.

It is a rigid structural designed to carry and transfer transverse loads across space supporting elements.

In a structure is used to carry the loads from the slabs to the columns. In a broader context, concrete beams can be the columns. In a broader context, concrete beams can be classified as T beams, L beams and rectangular beams. The definition of either L, T or rectangular is got because of the shape of the cross sectional area. In steel beams there are I sections, L sections, U sections etc.

They are mainly designed for bending moments and shear stress, which refers to loading. As for concrete beams, the transverse reinforcement is used to avoid the bending moments while the vertical reinforcement is used to avoid the shear stresses caused due to loading.

Process to construct column:

1. Set up a wooden panel accordingly toform a footer of the column.The panels will be set up around the steel bars.

2. Secondly the cement will be poured inside the wooden panels to form a column.form a column.

3. As the cement hardened, remove thewooden panels after it has formed to a concrete shape and normally it takes around 2 weeks for it to hardened.

4. Those concrete columns will be completely hardened in 28 days with a normal weather and without any rains. without any rains.

MS BarsWedge

Timber Spacer

Bolt with nut and head

Struts at equal spacingBoarding

Bracings

Concrete WallSole Plate

Wooden BlocksPacking

Stakes

5.1 BEAMS AND COLUMNS