(1873) Trade Statistics of the Treaty Ports for the Period 1863-1872

(larneU Inioeraitg Slibrarg

JItltaca, Hem $atk

CHARLES WILLIAM WASONCQLLECTION

CHINA AND THE CHINESE

THE GIFT OFCHARLES WfLLrAM WASON

CLASS OF 18761918

Cornell University Library

HF 3771.A4

Trade statistics of the treaty ports fo

3 1924 023 447 026

Cornell University

Library

The original of this book is in

the Cornell University Library.

There are no known copyright restrictions in

the United States on the use of the text.

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CHINA.

TRADE STATISTICSOF THE

TREATY PORTS,

FOR THE PERIOD1863-1872.

COMPILED FOR THE AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN UNIVERSAL EXHIBITION,

YJMM, 18T3:

TO ULUSTEATE THE INTEENATIONAL EXCHANGE OF PEODUGTS.

1

PUBLISHED BY OKDER OF

WU §Mptitiix (^tmxni pi &Unm '^miim (Smim^.

SHANGHAI

:

PRINTED AT THE IMPERUL MARITIME CUSTOMS PRESS.

UDCCCLZZIII.

At- ..,,

[ iii ]

CHINA TRADE STATISTICS,

1863-1872.

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

1, INTRODUCTION prefixed to copies issued in China ; with synopsis, &c.,

2. INTEODUCTORY REMARKS prefixed to copies issued in Europe, ...

p. I

P- 3

3. NAMES OF COMMISSIONERS AND EXAMINERS by whom the Collections sent to

Vienna were formed, ...'... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... p. 7

4. SCHEME OF THE GENERAL TABLES OF STATISTICS,

Tonnage,

Values, "

Articles,,

Revenue, ...

Population,

p. 8

p. 9

p. 10

p. II

p. 12

P- 13

5. GENERAL TABLES:

Tonnage:—Introductory Remark,

Table i. Entries and Clearances; at the Ports,

N.B.

2' » )>

3* '» »

4- J) j>

5* '» >'

—Concluding Remark,

Home and Foreign Trade,

Ships and Steamers,

Nationalities,

each Treaty Port,

Values:—Introductory Remark,

Table i. Gross Values; all Treaty Ports,

„ 2. „ ; Home and Foreign Trade,

,,3. „ ; Nationalities, ...

„ 4. „ ; each Treaty Port, ...

N.B.—Concluding Remark,

Articles:—Introductory Remark,.

Table

5>

I. Foreign Merchandise

2

3

4'

6

7-

&.

9

j>

jj

Chiijese Produce

Import TrBide,

Ee-export Tra^dOj

Distributing Trade, Oviwards,

„ „ Inwards,

Coast Trade; Outwards, ...

„ ; Inwards,...

„ ; Be-shipments for Native Ports,

Foreign Export; „ „ Foreign Ports,

„ ; Direct shipments ioT „

P-

P-

P-

P-

P-

P-

P-

P-

P-

P-

P-

P-

P-

IS

16

16

17

17

18

20

21

22

22

23

24

26

P'

PP- 30

27.

28

32

34

36

38

40

42

43

END OF GENERAL TABLES.

[ iv ]

Additional Statistics;chinese^roduoe ^

^^'^ '^'^^'' ^' ^*

-^ =— -.Silk Trade, P- 45Chinese Produce

— : Opium Trade, ... .'. P- 46

Chinese Produce "

N.B.—Concluding Eemark,^'

^

Rbvenub -.^Introductory Remark,

Table I. Gross Revenue; at all Ports, ... P- 5°

2 ; Home and Foreign Trade P- 5°

2 „ : Nationalities, r' •>

r „ ; at each Port, V- 5^" 5" " '

p 1-2

N.B.—Concluding Remark, ^' •>

Population:—Introductory Remark, ' P" S3

Table I. Treaty Port Provinces, ,

P" S*

„ 2. Treaty Ports,'•

P' ^S

N.B.—Concluding Remark, P" S

6. PORT STATISTICS:—Netchwang.*

Tientsin.*

Chbpoo.*

Hankow.*

KlUKIANG.*

Chinkiang.*

Shanghai.*

NiNGPO.*

FOOCHOW.*

— . Tamsui.*

Takow.*

Amot.*

SwAtow.*

•Canton.*

* The separate Port Statistics follow each other in the order named; under the name of each Port

wiU. be found Tables of Tonnage, Value, Articles, Revenue and Population, corresponding to those composing

the General Tables which precede.

[• V ]

Inspectorate General op Customs,

Peking, 12th December., 1873.

I.

—

An explanation of the form in which these Statistics are cast, and a synopsis of some varieties of

the information they contain, may be useful as a guide to those who feel inclined to look through the

following pages.

2.—The China-Trade Statistics were compiled to supplement a collection of samples of merchandise

to be exhibited at Vienna and intended to illustrate China's share in "the international exchange of pro-

ducts." The object of the compilation suggested an attempt to make figures paint a series of statistical

pictures, which should in turn present the subject in the aspect most interesting to each group of lookers-on.

These lookers-on, the people interested in China's share in " the international exchange of products," are

Nationalities,

Consumers,

Producers,

Carriers, and

Insurers.

Statistical Tables were thereon devised to produce a picture for each, and, in the attempt to clothe general

suggestiveness in as scientifically precise habiliments as circumstances might admit of, what appeared to be

the most convenient order of sequence in the Tables was adopted. The words themselves—" international

exchange of products "—suggested that the order of arrangement nyght best be carriers first, and then things

carried. Starting from this point—.-iAc Shipping Interest,—Tables of Tonnage were elaborated to exhibit the

actual amount of carrying capacity called for by the trade, or existing on it. The individuality of Vessels was

thus a secondary matter, and each entry or clearance had to be regarded, from the point of view of carrying

capacity actually called for or provided, as the entry or clearance of a separate vessel ; total tonnage arrived

at, the Tables had then to show how that tonnage was divided between international and interprovincial

branches of the trade, between ships and steamers, between nationalities, and between the ports of China.

Advancing from the carrying capacity required or provided, the Tables of Tonnage naturally

suggested Tables of Values from the Shipping or Carrier's point of view. So much Tonnage was called for

or offered : what was the value of the goods that paid freight? There are two answers tQ this question :

one from the Shipping or Carrier's, the other from the Producer's and Consumer's point of view,—the first

giving the cumulative value of goods in motion, the second the net value of goods contemporaneously

existing. Carriers earn, and goods pay, freight for every new movement : the re-export of the same goods

is an occasion for a voyage and employs new tonnage—it is therefore value in the eyes of the Carrier, just

as much as the first carriage of original cargo. The Value Tables were accordingly so cast as to give

information to the Shipping Interest, and in their order they very much follow the Tables of Tonnage and

thus illustrate the various fields for the employment of Tonnage, and suggest to what extent flags, ports, &c.,

have divided freight-value. By this arrangement, too, it was thought that some data might be provided

for another of the divisions into which the investment of capital flows, viz. Insurance offices; for, if it may be

assumed that, generally speaking, owners insure cargoes, the capital applying for insurance, and for which

Insurance offices may be calculated to have made themselves liable, would be—not the net value of contem-

poraneous goods, but—the carrier's value, that is the cumulative value of the goods in movement. In

fact, what is freight-value to the carrier may be taken as the measure of the demand for insurance which

Insurance offices exist to supply.

A third end appeared in some degree attainable in thus presenting the Tables of Values, viz., to

give, as far as could be given, the values throvgh which—as distinguished from and compared with the actual

value of contemporaneous goods

—

Freight and Insurance Iiave operated in their influence on prices or the

ultimate sum to be paid for commodities by consumers.

Foreign Merchandise. •

Chinese Produce.

Chinese Coast Trade

:

6.

7-

The Tables of Tonnage—which indicate, on the one hand, the demand made by international exchange

for carrying capacity, and, on the other, the extent to which ship-owners provide and compete for the demand,

and the Tables of Values—which illustrate the value of cargoes that pay freight and insurance, and thereby

hint at the effects produced on prices, are followed by Tables of Articles. The Tables of Articles are so

drawn up as to show the quantity and value of goods contemporaneously existing, and thus provide the kind

of information most likely to be asked for by Producers and Consumers. They exhibit the quantity and

value of goods

:

1. Imported from Foreign Countries

;

2. Re-exported to „ „ ;

3. Distributed in China: ( Sent from ports having direct trade;

4. ( Received at out-ports

;

[from which figures it is easy to ascertain the actual quantity and value of Foreign Imports,

—

note the utility of seemingly unimportant points, which have no 4irect trade, as new

distributing centres,—and, to some extent, prompt speculation concerning the difference

of values at the ports which are direct or indirect importers];

Original cargoes Outwards;

Inward cargoes;

. Re-shipments to Native Ports

;

Foreign Export Trade: Re-shipments to Foreign Ports;

9. „ „ Original shipments to Foreign Ports;

[from which figures, observing how interprovincial excliange impinges on and commingles with

international exchange, one may gather the value of the Foreign Export Trade, and the

value of the Chinese Coast Trade as carried on in foreign bottoms, while such rough

materials as could be got are given to illustrate the differences of price at the ports of supply

and demand];

the whole showing what is China's share in the international exchange of products, and to what extent

international exchange furthers and is furthered by interprovincial exchange.

Special Tables give fuller information respecting certain staples—Tea, Silk and Opium.

Tonnage, Values and Articles finished with, it remained to show to what extent her share in the

international exchange of products provides revenue for China, and, in doing this, the Tables of Revenue had

also to be so cast as to exhibit the revenue paid by each division of the trade, by each flag, and at each

port.

To complete the Statistics, Tables of Population seemed appropriate to end with. It was proposed

to give the Chinese populations of the Treaty Ports, Treaty Port Prefectures and Treaty Port Provinces, and

the foreign populations of the Treaty Ports. Statistics as to the number of cities in each province were

attainable and reliable, but the figures to be given for Chinese population could have only one value—they

could not be accepted as reliable in the sense in which Census-Statistics in the West are taken, but they

might serve to suggest quickly to people away from China, some idea of the immense populations in the

Inner Land, which lie behind the Treaty Ports, to be got at through such channels. The statistics of

foreign population would, on the other hand be fairly reliable, and would show what number of people China's

share in the international exchange of products has for the nonce brought in its traiu.

The first pages of the volume were to be reserved for General Tables, in which the figures for all the

Treaty Ports would be brought together, and following them were to appear the separate Port Statistics of

each individual port.

It will now be seen that a central thought runs through both form and matter of these Special

Statistics,—viz., to illustrate the international exchange of products in its various phases in China, andthat an attempt has been made to provide information for the different classes affected, and to indicate the

points at which the Statistics are linked with men's interests and sympathies. To what extent success

attends the effort to remove some of the dreariness by which Statistics are generally, more or less deservedly,

swamped, remains to be seen. Very little time was available for the compilation, and as the Statistics

embrace a period of ten years, 1863—1872, it will be readily understood that, if en-ors have not crept in,

imperfections could hardly have been kept out.

[ vii ]

3. Tonnage.—The Statistics give, first, Tables of Tonnage. To show the Tonnage or carrying

capacity actually required for the trade by the quantity and movement of goods, every entry and every

clearance is regarded by the Statistics as the entry or clearance of a new vessel.

iV^o<e.-r-Here it must be remembered that, in point of fact, many vessels reappear frequently.Tonnage is the carrying capacity actually called for or employed; entries and clearances givethe arrivals and departures—some vessels appearing only once in the year, while others havean aggregate of perhaps fifty or more entries at different ports.

Values.—Following Tonnage, the Statistics give Values. Values, as given in these Tables, have special

reference to shipping: they show what was the value of the cargoes carried by the tonnage actually employed,

and they enable us to compare the shares which Flags, Ports and Divisions of Trade have contributed or

commanded as seen from Freight-Values. The use of these Value Tables is thus partly to illustrate the

movement of goods and the divisions of trade, but they are chiefly interesting as illustrating the field for the

employment of Tonnage.

Note.—The real value of the merchandise in existence at a given time or belonging to a givendivision of trade need not be looked for from these Value Tables, but they do give correct

answers to the queries, What was the value of the cai'goes brought into or carried out of anygiven port ?—What was the value of the cargoes carried by such-and-such a Flag ?

Articles.—The Tables of Tonnage, showing carrying capacity finding freights in the China trade, and

the Tables of Value, showing the value of the freights viewed as original cargoes, are followed by the Tables

of Articles. These Tables of Articles are cast in a form which will enable any one to ascertain the real value

of goods actually existing, and of the several divisions of the trade.

iVbte.-^-As regards Tables of Values and Tables of Articles, it is to be kept in mind, that, while

the Quantities given in the latter are to be accepted as correct, the Values given in both are

only approximate. Differences in currency,—in rates of exchange,—in the valuation of the

same kind of goods at the same time by different individuals, or at different times by the

same individual—the reduction of different values to average value—and other causes, of one

kind or another, will always render difficult, if not impossible, the issue of strictly reliable

Value Tables : still, it is claimed for the Value Tables that they assist in giving colour to the

general picture painted.

Ebvenue.—Tonnage, Values, and Articles, are followed by the Eevenue Tables.

Note.—Export Duties include Duties paid not only on Chinese Produce for foreign export, but

also on Chinese Produce, carried coastwise, at the port of shipment. Coast Trade Duty is

the duty paid on Chinese Produce carried coastwise at the port of discharge, and is about

one-half the amount paid at the port of shipment : accordingly, Coast Trade Duty amounting

to about half-a-million, the amount to be deducted from Export Duties in order to get at

the amount paid on goods for foreign export, may be said to be twice as much, or about a

million of Taels.

Population.—The Population Tables are correct as regards the foreign populations at the Ports.

The figures they give for the Chinese populations are accepted by Chinese, and, if far from reliable, are

perhaps more likely to be under than over the mark.

TONNAGE.

In 1872 there were 17,0^0 entries and clearances. Of these, 8,360 were British, 5,174 American,

1,976 German, and 2,580 other Treaty and Non-Treaty Powers.

As an illustration of the extent to which the re-appearance of the same vessels has helped to swell

the list of entries and clearances, it may be remarked that the fifteen or sixteen steamers of the Shanghai

Steam Navigation Company and Pacific Mail Company contribute over 1,300 to the 2,587 entries

r5't74

1 ^£ American vessels, and that some 2,000 of the 4,180 [— ] British entries, are in theL 2 ' *

,

same manner to be accounted for by the movements of eighteen or twenty steamers belonging to British

owners.

[ viii ]

VALUES.

The Value of the Goods paying freight to Tonnage in 1872, is shewn thus: J^vide Values, Table 2] :

Foreign Goods Imported, Tls. 114,263,000Foreign Merchandise .,

JI/iKMs Foreign Goods Re-imported...... „ 41,552,000 [tiiaeTable ?.

''

Tls. 72,711,000

Native Produce Exported and Native and^

Foreign Goods Re-exported to Foreign > „ 78,193,000Countries, ; j

Native Produce Exported and Native and1

Foreign Goods Re-exported to Native > „ 111,857,000

Ports, j

Tls. 262,761,000

i.e. £ 87,600,000

This result is arrived at by taking up Value Table No. 2, page 22, which gives gross

, , , „ , , „ , , /. Native Produce Imported ,

values, and deductmg from its total the figures given as the value 01 —— =;

—

_, . . ^ ana' ^ a 8 Chinese Produce Table 6.

Foreign Merchandise Re-exported to Chinese ports ., , . , „ , . . ,, •>. b°—-r= rr^—;—^r;—=-rrr; ,— items which of coursc cuter into the composition orForeign Merchandise Table 3.

the items brought to account as Native Produce exported to Native Ports and Native Produce re-exported

to Foreign Ports, and as Foreign Goods Imported.

Thus, Foreign Bottoms in 1872, whether internationally—between China and foreign countries—or

interprovincially—between Chinese Treaty Ports—found employment, and earned freight in carrying what

was practically—as far as the carriers, ships, are concerned—original cargo, worth £ 87,600,000, and this is

the sum to which the risks taken by Insurance offices, during the year, may be supposed to have amounted.

The Value Tables as they stand, it is to be repeated, are values from the shipping or carrier's point

of view, and represent the values through which the action of freight and insurance charges operated in

their influence on prices. So far, therefore, it is only indirectly that these Value Tables throw any light on

the statistics of production or consumption : they may, however, be again referred to as being in somedegree introductory to, and corroborative of the Tables compiled from other stand-points.

MERCHANDISE. (1872.)

A.—FOBBIGN TbaDE.

Imports.—Articles: Table i. Merchandise carried, Tls. 70,222,000

Minus „ „ 2. „ re-exported: to foreign ports, ... „ 2,905,000

Tls. 67^317,000

i.e. £ 22,500,000

Value of Foreign Imports.

Exports.—Articles : Table 8. Original shipments, Tls. 49, 78 1 ,000

i'lus „ „ 9. Re-shipments, „ 25,506,000

Tls. 75,287,000

i.e. £ 25,100,000

Value of Foreign Exports.

[ ix ]

B.

—

Chinese Home, or Coasting Trade in Foreign Bottoms.

Inwards.—Articles: Table 6. Chinese Produce received Tls. 76,092,000

Minus i" " ^' " " Re-shipped to Chinese Ports, „ 10,073,000 plm

)

^ » )) 8. „ „ Ee-shipped to Foreign Ports, „ 25,506,080 '

Tls. 40,513,000

i.e. £ 13,500,000

Value of Coast Trade Goods Inwards.

Outwards.—Articles: Table 5. Chinese Produce sent to Native Ports, Tls. 60,231,000

^invs „ „ 8. „ „ Re-shipped to Foreign Ports, „ 25,506,000

Tls. 34,725,000

i.e. £ 11,600,000

Value of Coast Trade Goods Outwards.

C.

—

Foreign Direct, and Distributing Import Trade.

Direct.—Articles: Table i. Imports,, Tls. 70,222,000

2. Re-exports to Foreign Ports, „ 2,905,000 plus

41,552,000

(„ „ 2. Re-exports to Foreign Ports, „ 2,905,000 ^tej

i„ „ 3. Re-exports to Native Ports, „ 41,552,000 J

Tls. 25,765,000

i.e. £ 8,600,000

Value of Foreign Direct Import Trade.

Distributing.—Articles: Tables. Re-exports to Native Ports, Tls. 41,552,000

i.e. £ 13,900,000

Value of Foreign Distributing Import Trade.

N.B.—These figures illustrate the use of the smaller class of ports. Such ports have no direct trade

worth nlentioning with foreign ports, but they are important centres of distribution and as useful to the

foreign producer as the ports that carry on direct trade—if not even more useful. Every new port is a new

centre : we can safely say what ports will or will not have a direct trade, but experience alone can show the

value of the consuming region opened up by the addition of a comparatively insignificant point as a port.

D_

—

Relation of Inward to Outward Values.

Foreign Distributing Import Trade :

—

Articles: Table 3. Outwards : Leaving Chinese Ports,... Tls. 41,552,000 = £ 13,900,000

„ Table 4. Inwards : Reaching Chinese Ports, .. . „ 44,040,000=,, 14,700,000

Chinese Coast Trade :

—

Articles: Table 5-Table 8: Outwards: Leaving Chinese

Ports, Tls. 34,725,000 = ^ 11,600,000

„ Tables 6-(7 & 8) Inwards : Reaching Chinese

Ports, „ 40,513.000= „ 13,500,000

N.B.—Deducting for the 1 87 i-December departures, brougllt to account in the 1872 arrivals, and

allowing for the 1872-December departures, brought to account in 1873, and for wrecks, these figures partly

corroborate each other, and partly, although in a very small degree, help to illustrate difference of value at

direct and indirect importing, and at supplying and demanding ports.

[ ^ ]

E,

—

Relations of Values to Carriers and Producers.

Shipping Interest : Caeribrs and Insurers :

—

Tonnage Table 2 : From Foreign Ports, 995,942 Tons :Entries 2,073

„ „ To „ „ 986,622 „ Clearances 2,051

„ „ Between Native „ 3.252,338 » » ^A99

5,234,902 Tons, Carrying Capacity provided.

Value Table 2: Foreign Goods Imported at all Ports Tls. 114,263,000

Minus Foreign Goods re-exported from all to all

Chinese Ports, „ 4i,552,ooo

Tls. 72,711,000

Native Produce Exported and Native and Foreign Goods )78 ig^ 000

re-exported to Foreign Ports, / " '

Native Produce Exported and Native and Foreign Goods ]i n 8i;7 000

re-exported to Home Ports, ; j " ' ^

Tls. 262,761,000

i.e. £ 87,600,000

Pboducers and Consumers :

—

Foreign Import Trade, Tls. 67,3i7,ooo = £ 22,500,000

„ Export „ , „ 75,287,000= ,,25,100,000

Chinese Coasting Trade Inwards, „ 40,513,000= „ 13,500,000

Tls. 183,1 17,000 = £ 61,100,000

The actual value of goods and the capital represented by them being £ 61,100,000 to Producers and

Consumers, they have been, through movement and distribution, as if of the value of £ 87,600,000 to Carriers

and Insurers, by employment given to tonnage and business to insurance offices.

F.

—

Total Values.

Foreign Trade.—Imports at Treaty Ports, £ 22,500,000

Exports from,, „ ,,25,100,000

* Opium through Hongkong, „ 3,000,000. t Foreign Goods j ( through Hongkong 'j

and V < and > say, ' 4,400,000Chinese Produce... j ( Macao j

. £ 55,000,000

Total Value of Foreign Import and Export Trade.

Home Trade!—Chinese Produce in Foreign Bottoms for Chinese consumption

at Treaty Ports £ 13,500,000Chinese Produce in Foreign Bottoms for Chinese consumption

t through Hongkong and Macao, say, 1,500,000

£ 15,000,000Total Value of Chinese Home Trade iu Foreigu Bottoms.

Total Value of Goods carried in Foreign Bottoms, say... £ 70,000,000

* Estimated value of Opium.

+ Value of Foreign and Chinese Goods passing through Hongkong and Macao simply guessed at.

[ xi ]

Q,

—

Kbvenue. (1872).

i". Import Duties.—Foreign Imports,

Valued at Tls. 67,317,000

Paid Import Duties, Tls. 3,700,000

That is, paid an average duty of 5yi per cent.

2°. EXPOBT Duties.—Foreign Exports,


Paid Export Duties, Tls. 5,800,000

That is, paid an average duty of 7fi per cent.

3°. Coasting Duties.—Chinese Produce for Chinese consumption,


Paid Outward and Inward Duties, Tls. 1,650,000

That is, paid outward and inward duties amounting,

together, to an average duty of about 4 P^^ cew<.

If^ote.—^As regards the average rate of duty for each of the three classes of goods—Imports,

Exports, and Chinese Produce carried coastwise—the worth of the result depends on the

degree of acceptance to be accorded to the Values. If the Values are too low, the average rate

of duty is too high ; if the Values are too high, the average rate of duty is too low.

4°. Duty Paying Flags.—British Bottoms paid Duties,... Tls. 7,260,000-j

American „ „ „ ... „ 2,713,000 V Tls. 11,678,000

Other Treaty Powers paid Duties „ 1,705,000 j

Note.—These figures examined in "connection with the preceding per-centage rates of duty,

Values of merchandise and Tonnage Tables, suggest that the bulk of the Foreign Trade was

British Trade, and that American Tonnage was chiefly interested in the low-rate-of-duty

Coast or Chinese carrying trade.

5°. [Tonnage Dues.—Tonnage Dues are leviable Onco in Four months.

In 1872 British Tonnage paid, Tls. 144,600

„ American „ „ „ 38,000

„ German „ „ „ 32,170

„ OtherFlags „ „ „ 27,500

Note.—This Table, taken from the Annual Trade Returns (published at Shanghai) for 1872, shows

that British Bottoms

—

not engaged in coasting trade—predominated and corroborates the

preceding remark].

4.—In conclusion, attention must again be called to the fact that ,the 5^ = now' 1003—1072

issued are to be Mgarded as giving in round numbers a general view of the trade in its different divisions.

They are for the general reader—if there be such a thing as a general reader of Statistics—rather than for

the Statistician.

KOBEET HART,

Inspector General of Chinese Mmtime Customs.

TRADE STATISTICS

OF THE

CHiisrESE trej^ty ports,

:SPECIALLY COMPILED FOR THE AUSTRO-HUNaARIAN EXHIBITION.

TO ILLUSTEATE THE INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE OF PEODUCTS.

1873.

I.—In August 1872, the Austro-Hungman Minister in China,—^then Chevalier, now Baron, Calicb,

—asked for assistance in arrangements to prevent China from remaining unrepresented at the Universal

Exhibition, to be opened in Vienna in May 1873. In connection with the Seventh Paragraph of the Pro-

gramme :

—

"VII. To show the international exchange of produete, a representation of the commerce and trade of the world

" will be formed. For this purpose samples and specimens of the articles of trade and commerce of all

" the important harbours and sea-ports are to be exhibited.

" On each sample will be marked its origin, its destination, its price and value, the quantity of

" import and export, etc.; along with these will be shown statistical and graphic tables, the movement of

" the navigation and commerce of each sea-port during the last ten years.

it was suggested that the Chinese Maritime Customs might do something by way of illustrating the

"international exchange of products."

Allowing for a two months' voyage from China to Europe, and for the time necessary for communica-

tions to pass between the Inspectorate at Peking and the Custom Houses at the ports, there only remained

four or five working months before the opening of the Exhibition, and it was accordingly from the first

STATISTICS OF TRADE.

impossible to attempt the formation of such a collection as longer notice would have allowed of jstill,,

the matter.was at once taken in hand, and the Commissioners of Customs at the Treaty Ports of China :

' Newchwang

Northern Ports Tientsin

Chefoo

Yangtsze Ports

-

' Hankow

Kiukiang

Chinkiang

Southern Poi-ts

Shanghai

Ningpo

Foochow

Tamsui

Takow

Amoy

Swatow

Canton

were instructed to prepare collections, to consist of samples of merchandise :

—

1°. Received from Foreign Countries, -4-

2°. Sent to Foreign Countries, ^^

3°. Sent to Chinese Treaty Ports, C.

and to procure specimens of miscellaneous articles peculiar to their several localities, and any other objects

of interest, which

4°. Were, in the time and with the means at hand, procurable by the Commissioners, D.

5°. Or could be obtained from Chinese who might be induced to send them for sale H.

6°. Or could be borrowed Jrom collectors in China and made use of while en route to other

destinations in Europe, JF'.

The Commissioners of Customs were further instructed to prepare from the Trade Returns already in their

possession certain special and uniform Tables, giving the statistics of

Tonnage,

Values,

Articles,

Revenue, and

Population,

at the Treaty Ports, according to forms suggested by the language of the official Programme.

In November 1872, one of the Commissioners of Customs, Mr. Bowea, was detailed to inspect the-

collections at the Treaty Ports, and despatch them from China, and Mr. Deteing, another Commissioner

then in Europe, was appointed to take charge of the collections on arrival and make arrangements for their

reception at Vienna ; subsequently, the Imperial Maritime Customs' Commission to visit the Vienna Exhibi-

tion, finally arrange the collection, and attend to the various matters therewith connected, was composed,,

comprising the following Commissioners of Customs :

Mr. Hannen,

Mr. DB Champs,

Mr. Deew,

Mr. Deteing,

Mr. BowRA, and

Mr. Cartwbight.

TREATY PORTS OF CHINA. 5

2.^-The Chinese Collection, under the letters D. E. and F. contains some attractive and interesting

articles, but it is under the letters A. B. and G. that what is really valuable is to be found. Whoever desires

to study the "international exchange of jiroducts" will do well to oast an eye on that homely but complete

array of samples and specimens, for, supplemented by Catalogue and Special Statistics, it will be found to

explain the mutual wants which Foreign Countries and China in turn feel and in turn supply, and also to

indicate, to some extent, the nature of the traffic kept up between certain important points in the Empire

itself. That the Collection is but a small contribution to be sent from China, is apparent; but it is to be

remembered that only one experiment has been attempted, namely, to assist in the illustration of "the inter-

national exchange of products. " :

3.—The Statistics that have been specially compiled to accompany and supplement the Collection, are

for the period 1863-1872 : they consist of

1°. Statistics of each Port treated independently, and which have been issued separately, and

2°. Geperal Statistics compiled from the separate Port Statistics, and which follow in this cover.

Reliable as are the figures of each separate Table, these Trade Statistics, as a whole, require to be introduced

with certain qualifications

:

1°. The Statistics do not refer to all the ports of China, but only to the fourteen, called Treaty

Ports—ports permitted by treaty to trade with Foreign Countries.

2°. The Statistics do not embrace even the whole trade of the Treaty Ports, but only such part

of it as is carried on in Foreign Bottoms.

3°. The Statistics do not give complete Tables for eveiy Treaty Port for the ten years in question,

for, while some Custom Houses were not opened till 1864, it has only been during the

last five years, since 1867, that uniform and correct methods have been matured to

bring goods to account in their proper places.

4°. The Statistics are not to be compared with or criticised from the hitherto annually published

Eeturns of Trade. It is not that the Special Statistics are incorrect or contradictory in

their figures, but that the general objects of their compilation, and the attempt to exhibit

certain conditions that exist, and to enable comparisons, otherwise impossible, to be made,

rendered it necessary to present tables of gross totals: whereas the principle of the Annual

Eeturns of Trade has hitherto been to eliminate the multiplied eff'ects of many operations

and show articles in the nett.

5°. The Statistics are defective, lastly, even as Statistics of Foreign Trade with China, inasmuch

as it is -impossible to procure any return of the trade in goods which enter and leave

China through the British Colony of Hongkong and the Portuguese Settlement at

Macao.

But, with these imperfections allowed for, and the object for which the compilation is made kept in

mind, it may be said that the Special Statistics are, as statistics, neither uninteresting, uninforming nor

valueless ; if they do not give complete information in its most scientific form, they yet supply certain

general and suggestive data in a form not to he got elsewhere, and in that way throw their contribution of

light on " the international exchange of products". For fuller and more scientific statistics of China's

Foreign Trade, the Annual Trade Returns, published yearly by the Department at Shanghai, must be

consulted.

4.—As regards purely Chinese traffic throughout the Empire—the many things its hundreds of

millions of people demand and supply, and its hundreds of thousands of Junks carry to and fro—we know,

statistically speaking, nothing ; but of its growing Foreign trade we have samples and statistics that yearly

become, the first, more numerous and, the second, more reliable, and, thus, the Chinese Maritime Customs

Las been able to respond to Baron Calice's invitation and to provide for the Austro-Hungarian Exhibition

O STATISTICS OF TRADE.

something ia the way of samples to ilhistrate the nature, and something in the shape of statistics to illustrate

the extent, of one phase of " the international exchange of products."

These explanatory remarks are not designed to apologise for any scantiness in the Chinese Section,-

but explain to those who gaze on the many wonderful and interesting objects which the aims and enterprise

of the Austro-Hungarian Government

—

" to represent the present state of modern civilization and the entire sphere of national economy, and to

" promote its further development and progress,"

have brought together for the enlightenment of the age, how it is that there is a Chinese Collection, what

that Collection is, and why it is that it and its Statistics possess some special claims to attention.

KOBERT HART,

Inspector General of Chinese Maritime Customs.

Peking,

S5th July, 187S.

TREATY PORTS OF CHINA.

VIENNA

TJISITVERS^L EXIIIBITIO:!Sr OF IST'S.

CHINESE DEPARTMENT.

I. The Newchwang Collection was made under the ) E. C. Taintob, Esquire, by Mr. J. Clarke, Examiner.Superintendence of J

Actg. Commissioner of Customs,

James H. Hart, Esquire, by Mr. I. Brackenridge, „Commissioner of Customs,

Tientsin

Chefoo

Hankow

KlUKIANG

Chinkiang

Shanghai

NiNGPO

FOOOHOW

Tamsui

Takow

Amot

SWATOW

Canton

by Mr. W. Eae,

by Mr. C. J. Eldridgb,

J. L. E. Palm, Esquire,

Clerk-in-charge.

A. Macpherson, Esquire,

Commissioner of Customs,

H. KopscH, Esquire, by Mr. W. N. Lovatt, Tidesurveyor.Commissioner of Customs,

A. HuBER, Esquire, by Mr. Goldspink, „Actg. Commissioner of Customs,

T. Dick, Esquire, by Mr. A. Klibne, Examiner.Commissioner of Customs,

F. W. White, Esquire, by Mr. A. Sharpe, „Commissioner of Customs,

Geo. B. Glover, Esquire, by Mr. C. Porter, „Commissioner of Customs,

E. de Champs, Esquire, by Mr. Gallagher, Tidesurveyor.Commissioner of Customs, and Mr. Dubois, Examiner.

J. L. Hammond, Esquire, by Mr. R. Hastings, Tidewaiter.Actg. Commissioner of Customs,

Geo. Hughes, Esquire, by Mr. R. Moran, Examiner.Commissioner of Customs,

F. KleinwacHTER, Esquire, by Mr. R. I. Trannack, „Commissioner of Customs,

H. 0. Brown, Esquire, by Mr. F. H. Ewer, „Actg.-Dep.-Commissioner-in-charge,

2. The General Tables of Statistics have been compiled, and the English version of all the Statistics printed under theSuperintendence of Alfred E. Hippisley, Esquire, Clerk-in-charge, Returns' Departinent, Shanghai.


SCHEME

GhENER^fVL T.AJBLES OF STATISTICS OF TRADE

AT THE

TREATY PORTS OF CHINA,

AS ILLUSTKATING THE INTEENATIONAL EXCHANGE OF PKODUCTS.

I. TONNAGE.

II. VALUES.

III. ARTICLES.

IV. REVENUE.

V. POPULATION,

TEEATY PORTS OF CHINA. 9>

I.

TONNAGE,

FoBEiGN Tonnage, \inder

difl'erent flags, employed in

direct trade between China

and Foreign Countries, or in

coasting trade between the

Treaty Ports in China.

1. Gi-oss Tonnage of all Entries and Clearances.

2. Gross Tonnage and all Entries and Clearances divided between Foreign-

and Home Trade.

3. Gross Tonnage and all Entries and Clearances divided between Sailing-

-j Vessels and Steamers.

4. Gross Tonnage and all Entries and Clearances divided between the Flags

of the Powers that trade with China.

5. Gross Tonnage and all Entries and Clearances divided between the-

Treaty Ports in China.

10 STATISTICS OF TRADE.

IT.

VALUES.

Gross Values of all Cargoes

in Foreign Bottoms.

1. Gross Value of all merchandise arriving at and departing from the Treaty-

Ports, in Foreign Bottoms.

2. Gross Value as divided between Foreign Trade and Home Trade of China.

3. Gross Value as divided between the Flags that trade with China.

4. Gross Value as divided between the Treaty Ports of China.

TREATY PORTS OP CHINA. II

III.

ARTICLES,

Articles in Foreign Bot-

toms : Quantities and Values of

Foreign merchandise entered,

and Chinese products carried

coastwise and exported to

Foreign Countries.

, Import Trade' Foreign Merchandise

''

^T!!?^' ^f/^^^ '^^g ^^ treaty^ Ports direct from Foreign Countries.

Ee-Export Trade'•

Foreign Merchandise =

Q'^^utrties a^d Values TC-shipped for6 b oreign Countries from Treaty Ports.

Distributing Trade Outwards ^3-

Foreign Merchandise ' ^T*;*^'^^*^ ^^-^"T ''^J^V^^lTreaty

° Ports from original ports of discharge.

Distributing Trade Inwards4-

Foreign Merchandise '^"!-SS ^",^ Values received from

6 original ports of discharge by otherTreaty. Ports.

Quantities and Values sent from TreatyPorts to Treaty Ports.

^-^UEiau xraue ±iiwiirus _o. —7::r-. ;::—

;

: Quantities and Values received from TreatyPorts by Treaty Ports.

Coast Trade Outwards

Chinese Produce

Coast Trade Inwards

Chinese Produce

Coast Trade Re-shipment' Chines. P„duce 'TS^V^JSySj^"

""

'Export Trade Re-shipment -8. 7^:^ ^7--5 : Quantities and Values re-shipped from

Chinese Produce treaty Ports to Foreign Countries.

Additional Statistics illus-

trating the Export Trade of Tea

and Silk to Foreign Countries

andthe consumption of Foreign

Opium in China,

A.

B.

C.

Export Trade

Chinese Produce

Tea Trade

: Quantities and Valuesof Original shipmentsexported from Treaty Ports to ForeignCountries.

;: Quantities exported annually to

Original Shipments andRe-shipments ^^^^ Yorei^ Country.

Silk Trade ^ . .

^r-r-.—7-^^- 1J^;^—r: T = Quantities exported annually to

Original Shipments and Ee-shipmentsg^^j^ ^^^^^^ Country.

Opium Trade

Net ImportsQuantities consumed annually at each and

all Treaty Ports.


IV.

REVENUE.

Kevenue accruing to China

on trade in Foreign Bottoms •

-at the Treaty Ports.

I. Gross Collection.

2. Gross Collection divided between its Sources.

3. Gross Collection divided between the carrying Flags.

4. Gross Collection divided between the Treaty Ports.

TREATY PORTS OF CHINA, 13

V.

POPULATION,

Population Statistics of

the Chinese Ports frequented.

•byforeigners, and the Provinces

in which they are situated.

1. Treaty Port Provinces :—Cities, Population, Physical features.

2. Treaty Ports:—Native Population, Foreign Residents [Firms, In-

dividuals].


5

I.-TONNAGE.

'The Tables which follow, -= ^, are intended :

—

Tonnage

1°. To give the annual total of Entries and Clearances and the Gross Tonnage of Foreign Vessels

of all classes arrived at or depai'ted from all the Treaty Ports of China.

2°. To show to what extent the Home [i.e. Chinese Coasting Trade] and Foreign [i.e. Direct

Trade with Foreign Countries] Trade of China have, severally, annually given employment

to Foreign Tonnage.

3°. To illustrate the growth of Steam Traffic, by showing the extent to which Steamers and Sailing

Vessels have severally contributed to Entries, Clearances and Tonnage annually.

4°. To compare the shares of different Foreign Flags in the employment given to Foreign Tonnage

by the China Trade.

5°. To show to what extent each Treaty Port of China has given employment to Foreign Tonnage

annually.

i6 STATISTICS OF TRADE.

00

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TREATY POBTS OF CHINA. 19

^ Tt


Note.—The Tables which precede,-= ^ deal with gross totals, and not with individual vessels

:

Tonnage

that is to say, when the number of entries is given as being 9,432, what is meant is, that,

including the entries of vessels re;appearing for the second, tenth or, it may be, twentieth

time dm'ing the same year, as well as those of original arrivals, the total number of Entries

has been so many, and the Gross Tonnage of all those entries so much. Not only do many

of the vessels which contribute to the Entries, Clearances and Tonnage of one Port, proceed

to other Ports and contribute to their statistics, but there are likewise many of them which

re-appear at the original port of entry, re-entering and re-clearing several times during the

year, but with fresh cargoes each time.


II. -VALUES.

The Tables which follow -

y are compiled from the separate Tables of the several Ports. The separate

' Tables were intended to show :

—

1°. The Gross Value of Merchandise arriving at and departing from each Port annually.

2°. The division of the Gross Values between the Home Trade and Foreign Trade of each Port.

3°. The division of the Gross Values between the Foreign Flags freighted.

From these three are now compiled four General Tables :

—

1°. To give the Gross Value of all the trade carried on in Foreign Bottoms at all the Treaty Ports.

2°. To give the Gross Values of the Home Trade and Foreign Trade of all the Treaty Ports as

carried on in Foreign Bottoms.

3°. To give the Gross Values of the cargoes carried under each Foreign Flag.

4°. To place the Gross Values of the trade of the several Treaty Ports side by side in one Table.


^

TREATY POETS OF CHINA. 23

00

24 STATISTICS or TBADE.

Values.Geoss Total of the Values of Commoditie!

1866.

Foreign Trade.

Imports. Exports.

Home Trade.

Inwards. Ontwards.

1868.

FoREioN Trade.

Imports. Exports.

Home Trade.

Inwards. Outwards.

Newchwang

Tientsin,

Chefoo,

Hankow, ....,

Kinkiang

Nanking,

Chinkiang,,

Shanghai,

Ningpo,

Foochow,

Amoy,

Tamsni,

Takow,

Swatow,

Canton,

Kiungchow,

Total,

Eh. Tk

2,103,076

11,506,233

4,263,962

ii,i88,79S

2,661,441

3,263,680

42,380,640

4,069,829

4,202,158

5,125,462

556,167

699,519

4,187,600

6,511,443

Hh. Ik

2i,5SS

i53>727

2,542,644

56,836

24,756,865

346,222

11,927,416

1,546,981

98,724

122

178,696

9,937,242

Eh. Th.

282,175

4,365,278

1,810,275

3,804,847

1,056,787

2,292,855

24,309,023

2,339,222

3,498,830

2,956,785

76,086

373,430

3,867,297

2,935,958

Eh. fk.

1,814,703

2,616,151

2,734,431

10,159,199

5,898,035

265,170

41,907,485

6,344,774

1,325,283

1,981,704

131,277

789,242

3,111,188

2,782,747

Eh. Th

2,768,576

11,326,065

4,845,654

9,141,297

2,717,526

3,468,047

45,320,114

4,819,364

3,441,464

4,032,614

50^,044

582,494

3,458,431

6,257,856

fljfc. "Us.

759,670

133,168

1,278,533

43,023

37,014,242

36,436

12,911,923

1,136,397

88,314

28,289

173,500

10,181,271

El. Its.

2,017,969

5,334,602

2,392,142

4,733,851

561,265

1,935,597

31,219,763

1,851,634

2,079,620

1,625,978

33,345

81,400

1,552,305

2,403,561

Eh. Tk

1,646,203

1,147,146

1,848,543

13,057,029

7,307,865

440,447

46,703,oi«l

6,181,520

1,242,401 i

1,724,928]

196,243 :

604,496

2,273,890]

2,372,788*

102,720,005 51,567,030 53,968,848 81,861,389 102,684,546 63,784,766 57,822,932 86,746,511

TREATY PORTS OF CHINA.

landed at or shipped from each Treaty Port.

26 STATISTICS or TRADE.

Note.—The Tables which precede -y , , make no deductions on account of either Ee-imports or

Ee-exports, but are Tables of gross values. They must be regarded, so to speak, from the

dynamic and not from the static side of Trade, for they exhibit the accumulating value of

commodities in motion, and not their net value as simultaneously existing. Looked at in

connection with the Tables of Tonnage already given, the Tables of Value aiford data for

comparing, in a general way, the Home Trade with the Foreign Trade of China, the trade

of any one port with that of each other port, and, more accurately than either, the relative

values of the commodities that freight the vessels of different nationalities.

TREATY PORTS OF CHINA. 2/

lll.-ARTICLES.

Fore ign Merchandise and Chinese Produce.

mi mm i i ^ n I @ 9 f^^d A @ CThe Tables which follow, . ,. ,

——— , are intended:

—

'Articles

i". To give the quantities of the chief, and the values of all commodities imported direct from Foreign

Countries by the Treaty Ports of China,—that is to say, to exhibit the Foreign Import Trade

of China.

2°. To show to what extent Foreign Imports proved unsaleable in China, or were sent for better prices

elsewhere,—that is to say, to give the statistics of Foreign Re-exports.

3°. To show from the returns of the ports engaged in direct trade with Foreign Comitries how Foreign

Imports are sent thence to the other Treaty Ports that have no direct Foreign Trade,—that is

to say, to give some of the statistics of Distribution.

4°. To show from the returns of the ports not engaged in direct Foreign trade what has been the

quantity and what the value of the Foreign Imports received by them from the ports that have

a direct trade,-—that is to say, to give additional Distribution statistics for a comparison between

the vahie of commodities when sent from the original ports of importation and when received by

the ports thence fed.

5°. To show the Home ExpoH Trade of China as carried on in Foreign Bottoms between Treaty Ports,

—

that is to say, to give the quantities of the principal, and the value of all commodities of native

origin, and being original shipments, which Foreign Bottoms carry from Treaty Ports to Treaty

Ports according to the returns of the ports of shipment.

6°. To show the Home Import Trade of the Chinese Treaty Ports as carried on in Foreign Bottoms,—that

is to say, to give the quantities of the principal, and the value of all commodities of native origin

arrived from Treaty Ports in Foreign Bottoms, according to the returns of the ports of discharge.

7°. To give the statistics of Home lie-shipments and show to what extent Treaty Ports have served as

forwarding stations for other Treaty Ports,—that is to say, to give the quantities and values

of the Chinese commodities which, after arrival at a Treaty Port in Foreign Bottoms, have been

re-shipped in Foreign Bottoms to other Treaty Ports.

8°. To give the statistics of Home Ee-shipments for Foreign Export and show the extent to whicli Chinese

Home Imports become Chinese Foreign Exports,—that is to say, to give the quantities and

values of the Chinese conimodities which are brought from Treaty Ports to Treaty Ports in

Foreign Bottoms and subsequently re-shipped in Foreign Bottoms to Foreign Comitries.

9°. To give the quantities of the chief, and the value of all Chinese commodities sent direct to Foreign

Countries from Chinese Treaty Ports,—that is to say, to give the Direct shipments of the Foreign

Export Trade of China.

And,-

A°. To give the statistics of the Tea Export Trade, and the share taken by each Foreign Country iu

it,—that is to say, to give the total quantities of Tea—both original shipments and re-shipments

of Tea previously received at one from other Treaty Ports—which have been shipped annually in

Foreign Bottoms to each Foreign Country from Chinese Treaty Ports.

B°. To give the statistics of the Silk Export Trade, and the share taken by each Foreign Country in

it,—that is to say, to give the total quantities of Silk—both original shipments and re-shipments

of Silk previously received at one from other Treaty Ports—which have been shipped annually in

Foreign Bottoms to each Foreign Country from Chinese Treaty Ports.

0°. To give the statistics of the Opium Net Import Trade as divided between the Treaty Ports,—that

is to say, to show the quantities of Opium imported at each Treaty Port less re-exports, or in other

words to show the quantity consumed in each district drawing its supplies from any one Treaty

Port. For 1872 the Net Total Import has been divided into sorts, iu order to show the proportion,

owing to dijfiference of taste resulting from climatic- and other agencies, taken at each port of the

several kinds of drug.

28 STATISTICS OF TEADE.

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TREATY PORTS OP CHINA. 33

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Note.—These Tables of Articles, i ® 9, may be regarded as being each correct ia itself, but it miist be

remembered that any re-casting of them can only give approximately correct results : with this warning

it may be said :

—

1°. Tlie Figures of the First Table mimes those of the Second, give the Net value of the Foreign

Import Trade of China.

2°. The Figures of the Ninth Table pte those of the Eighth give the Net value of the Foreign

Export Trade of China.

3°. The Figures of the Sixth Table minus those of the Seventh and Eighth, give the Net value

of the Chinese Coasting Ti-ade inwards as carried on between Treaty Ports in Foreign

Bottoms.

4°. The Figures of the Fifth Table mi7ms those of the Eighth, give the Net value of original

shipments of Chinese commodities, in Foreign Bottoms, for Home consumption.

5°. The Figures of Table 6° ought to coiTespond generally with the sum of the Figures of Tables

5° and 7° : for what is received by all ports is simply what is sent from all ports. But,

wrecks and casualties apart, cargoes despatched during the last weeks of a year do not

arrive at the port of discharge till after the commencement of the succeeding year, and the

Statistics of ports departed from, for any given year, must accordingly diifer from those

of ports arrived at; and, besides, port peculiarities allowed for, an explanation of manyseeming discrepancies is to be found in the anomalous position and disturbing influence of

Hongkong.

6°. In the items of merchandise named in these general Tables, much detail has been impossible.

Staples alone are specified, and other descriptions of goods are classed among the Sundries.

For greater detail and for more information about articles here treated as Sundries, the

separate Statistics of each Treaty Port can be referred to.

TREATY PORTS OF C'HIl^A. 49

IV.-REVENiUE.

The Tables which follow, ^ , are intended :

—

Revenue

1°. To show the grand total of the Revenue accruing to China annually on Foreign Trade, as

collected, through the offices of the Inspectorate of Customs, at Treaty Ports on goods in

Foreign Bottoms.

2°. To show to what extent the various Sources of Revenue have contributed to the grand total.

3°. To show to what extent the trade carried on under each Foreign Flag contributes to the

Customs' Revenue of China.

4°. To show the separate amounts collected annually at the several Treaty Ports* actually open

to trade.

* Nanking, on the Yangtsze, and Kiung-ehow, in Hainan, are Treaty Ports, but they have never been declared open to trade.


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V.-POPULATION.

The Tables which follow, ^5

—

^fr-— are intended :

—

' Population

'

1°. To bring together some information respecting the Provinces in direct contact with Foreign Countries

through the Ti-eaty Ports,—that is to say, to give the size, population and chief physical features

of each Treaiy Port Province, and [hamlets, villages and small towns not included] the number

of walled cities in each.

2°. To bring together some information respecting the Treaty Ports themselves,—that is to say, to show

the Chinese population of each Treaty Port and of the Prefecture in which it is situated, and to

exhibit the Foreign population of each port, showing the number of mercantile houses and of

individuals of each nationality at each Port.


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Note.—The Tables which precede ^ r ^—> ^^7 ^^ regarded as approximately correct in respect

of the size of the Provinces and Chinese population. The return of the Foreigners resident

at the Treaty Ports is correct and reliable; the column headed Individuals includes

Foreigners of all classes,—men, women and children, merchants, officials, ' and missionaries

and the families of resident sea-faring Foreigners,—but excludes the crews of vessels not

engaged exclusively in the Home Trade of China.

ALFRED E. HIPPISLEY,

Clerk-m-Chcf^gef

Betums D^a/rtment,

Shangha/i.

STATISTICS OF TRADE

AT THE

PORT OF NEWCHWANG,

FOR THE FERIOD

1863-1872.

TO ILLUSTRATE THE INTEEMTIONAL EXCHANGE OF PEODUOTS.

€OMPILED FOE THE AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN UNIVERSAL EXHIBITION,

VIENNA, 1873,

AND


SHANGHAI

:

PRINTED AT THE IMPERIAL MARITIME CUSTOMS PRESS.

MDCCCLXXIII.

NEWCHWANa

STATISTICS OP TRADE.

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FOR THE PERIOD

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TO ILLUSTEATE THE INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE OF PEODUCTS.


VIEMA, 1873,

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STATISTICS OF TRADE

AT THE

PORT OF NINGPO,

FOR THE FERidD

1863-1872.

TO ILLTJSTEATE THE INTEENATIOML EXCHANGE OF PEODUOTS.


VIENNA, 1873,

AND


SHANGHAI:

PRINTED AT THE IMPERIAL MARITIME CUSTOJIS PRESS.

MDCCCLXXIII.

NINGPO.


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PORT OF FOOCHOW,

FOR THE PERIOD

1863-1872.

TO ILLUSTRATE THE INTEEMTIONAL EXCHANGE OF PEODUOTS.

<JOMPILED FOR THE AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN UNIVERSAL EXHIBITION,

VIENNA, 1873,

AND


\ SHANGHAI

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PORT OF TAMSUI,(FORMOSA.)

FOR THE PERIOD

1863-1872.

TO ILLUSTEATE THE INTEENATIOML EXCHANGE OF PEODUOTS.


YIEMA, 1873,

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PORT OF TAKOW,(FORMOSA.)

FOR THE PERIOD

1863-1872.

TO ILLUSTEATE THE INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE OF PEODUOTS.

COMPILED FOR THE AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN UNIVERSAL EXHIBIT^

YIEMA, 1873,

AND

PUBLISHED BY OEDEK OF

SHANGHAI

:

PRINTED AT THE IMPEEIAL MARITIME CUSTOMS PRESS.

, MDCCCLXXIII.

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PORT OF AMOY,

FOR THE PERIOD

1863-1872.

TO ILLUSTEATE THE INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE OF PRODUCTS.

COMPILED FOR THE AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN UMYERSAL EXHIBITION,

YIEMA, 1873,

AND


SHANGHAI

:

FEINTED AT THE IMPERIAL MARITIME CUSTOMS PRESS.

MDCCCLXXIII.


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PORT OP CANTON,t

FOR THE PERIOD

1863-1872.

TO ILLUSTEATE THE INTEENATIONAL EXCHANGE OF PEODUOTS.


YIEfflA, 1873,

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SHANGHAI

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:

—

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Mountainous

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Plat.

2.

Internal

Communication

—

Land

or

Water.

3.

Eiverine

or

Seaboard.


PORT OF NEWCHWANG,,

FOR TH^] FERIOD '\

1863-1872.

TO ILLUSTEATE THE INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE OF PEODUOTS.

COMPILED FOE THE AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN UNIVERSAL EXHIBITION,

YIEfflA, 1873,

AND

PUBLISHED BY OEDER OP

%\t %M^u\%t ^tuu\ 0f W\%ut ^Mitim^ ^u\%xa%.

SHANGHAI

:

PRIKTED AT THE IMPERIAL MARITIME CUSTOMS PRESS.

MDCCCLXXIII.

(1873) Trade Statistics of the Treaty Ports for the Period 1863-1872

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Transcript of (1873) Trade Statistics of the Treaty Ports for the Period 1863-1872