1836 The Tough Year Texan Military Sam Houston was named commander-in-chief of the Texas Army the...

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1836 1836 The Tough The Tough Year Year

Transcript of 1836 The Tough Year Texan Military Sam Houston was named commander-in-chief of the Texas Army the...

Page 1: 1836 The Tough Year Texan Military  Sam Houston was named commander-in-chief of the Texas Army  the Texas Navy was created to protect the coast and.

18361836The Tough YearThe Tough Year

Page 2: 1836 The Tough Year Texan Military  Sam Houston was named commander-in-chief of the Texas Army  the Texas Navy was created to protect the coast and.

Texan Military Sam Houston was named commander-in-chief of

the Texas Army the Texas Navy was created to protect the coast

and to attack Mexican ships.

.

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Meanwhile …

President Santa Anna and 6,000 Mexican soldiers marched north towards Texas, bent on revenge

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The Mexican Army advances

By February 1836, Santa Anna was crossing the Rio Grande marching towards San Antonio

General José de Urrea approached from

Matamoros towards Goliad

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The Battle of the Alamo On February 24, 1836 Santa Anna ordered his

forces to begin firing on the Alamo. That day William Travis wrote a famous letter

“To the People of Texas and All Americans” to plea for help.

Juan Seguin delivered Travis’ letter to Houston asking for reeinforcement.

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The Battle of the AlamoOn March 6, 1836, Santa Anna launched his assault on the Alamo after 13 days of siege.

Texas artillery, under the command of Col. William B. Travis, held the advancing Mexicans off briefly, but they regrouped and eventually overwhelmed the Alamo defenders and poured into the mission by the hundreds.

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After a few hours, all the 189 defenders and 600Mexicans were dead..Santa Anna spared the women, children, and a

slave named Joe.

Santa Anna felt that the defeat of the Alamo would end the Texas Revolution, but it only

convinced the Texans to fight harder.

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Goliad Massacre General Urrea was moving up the coastline and

defeated many Texan troops on his march to Refugio and Goliad.

While General Urrea fought with Fannin’s troops stationed in Refugio, Fannin received orders from Sam Houston to retreat to Victoria.

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Fannin decided to wait for his troops in Refugio to return before obeying Houston, but those soldiers had been either killed or captured by General Urrea

FanUrrea finally met at the battle of Coleto, where Fannin was wounded.

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Goliad Massacre, cont.

The Texan prisoners were marched back to Goliad where they stayed for a week.

General Urrea wanted to keep them as prisoners of war, but Santa Anna ordered him to execute them all.

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Convention of 1836The Convention of 1836 was held at Washington-on-the-Brazos to vote on Independence.George Childress was the main author who drafted the Declaration of Independence. Lorenzo de Zavala, a former Mexican official who fled to Texas, also signed the Declaration, designed the

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The Texas ArmyThe Texas Army

Sam Houston was the leader of the Texas Army– 800 soldiers

He led his men east in a retreat starting on March 11, 1836– He used this time to train

his soldiers On April 20 his army

camped at the San Jacinto River

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The Mexican ArmyThe Mexican Army

Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna was the leader of the Mexican Army– 1300 soldiers

After the Alamo Santa Anna divided the Mexican Army and chased the Texas Army east

Santa Anna finally caught up with Houston at the San Jacinto River near Harrisburg

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The Day Before the BattleThe Day Before the Battle

There was a cavalry skirmish on April 20, between Texas and Mexican soldiers

Disaster was avoided when Mirabeau B. Lamar heroically saved the Texas commander

Lamar was promoted to commander of the Texas Cavalry

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The Morning of April 21The Morning of April 21

Sam Houston sent Erastus “Deaf” Smith, a scout for the Texas Army, to destroy Vince’s Bridge

This trapped the two armies at San Jacinto

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The Battle of San JacintoThe Battle of San Jacinto

At 3:00 on the afternoon of April 21, while Santa Anna’s troops are resting, Houston orders the attack

The Texas battle cry was “Remember the Alamo! Remember Goliad!”

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The Battle of San JacintoThe Battle of San Jacinto

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The Battle of San JacintoThe Battle of San Jacinto

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The Outcome of the BattleThe Outcome of the Battle The battle lasted about 18 minutes 2 Texans were killed and 30 were wounded (7 later died of

their wounds) 630 Mexicans were killed and 730 were captured including

Santa Anna