17 PowerPoint ® Lecture Outlines prepared by Dr. Lana Zinger, QCC CUNY Copyright © 2009 Pearson...

17PowerPoint® Lecture Outlines prepared by Dr. Lana Zinger, QCC CUNY

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Complementary and Alternative Medicine: New Choices and Responsibilities

for Healthwise Consumers


Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM)

Complementary medicine

• Used together with conventional medicine

• Also called allopathy, Western, mainstream, orthodox, biomedicine

Alternative medicine

• In place of conventional medicine

• Generally incorporates a holistic approach, focus on treating whole body and mind

• Changes as some CAM practices become more mainstream

• Used widely throughout the world



Who uses it?

• 36% of adults in U.S. used CAM within the past 12 months

• More women than men

• People with higher education levels

• Those hospitalized within the last year

• Former smokers

• People with back, neck, head, joint aches or other painful conditions

• Those with gastrointestinal disorders or sleeping problems



CAM in the U.S. today

• Relaxation

• Chiropractic

• Massage

• Self-help

• Energy healing

• Other therapies

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings. Figure 17.1

Reasons Adults in the United States Use CAM


Alternative Medical Systems

Traditional Chinese medicine

• Proper balance of Qi (“chi”)

• Acupuncture, herbal medicine, massage, qigong

Ayurveda

• Traditional in India

• “Science of life”

Homeopathy

• “Like cures like”

• Herbal medicine, minerals, and chemicals in diluted forms


Alternative Medical Systems

Naturopathy

• Restore health rather than cure disease

• Diet, clinical nutrition, homeopathy, acupuncture, herbal medicine, hydrotherapy, manipulation, light therapy, therapeutic counseling, pharmacology

Have you ever used one of these non-traditional practices?



Major domains of CAM (nonallopathic)

• Manipulative and body-based practices

• Energy medicine

• Mind-body medicine

• Biologically based practices


The Domains of Complementary and Alternative Medicine


Manipulative and Body Based Practices

Chiropractic medicine

Massage therapy

Body work

• Feldenkrais

• Rolfing

• Shiatsu

• Trager bodywork


Energy Medicine

Energy medicine

• Biofields

• Qigong

• Reiki

• Therapeutic touch


Energy Medicine

Acupuncture

• Needles inserted at critical points (meridians)

• Qualifications

• Many get relief

Acupressure

• Uses pressure instead of needles


Mind-Body Medicine

Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI)

• Excessive stress can lead to immune system dysfunction

• Activities that involve quieting the mind


Biologically Based Practices

Most controversial

Many claims do not have evidence

Herbal remedies

• Tinctures

• Ginkgo biloba

• St. John’s wort

• Echinacea

• Ginseng

• Green tea

• Ephedra (Ma Huang)



Special supplements

• Muscle enhancers

• Glucosamine

• SAMe

• Antioxidants



Foods as healing agents

• Functional foods

• Nutraceuticals


ABC News: Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Discussion Questions

• How popular have male sexual enhancement products become over the last five years?

• Have these products been proven safe and effective by the FDA?

• Why did supplement manufacturers lobby so heavily to get the 1994 Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act passed?

PlayVideoPlay

Video| Complementary and Alternative Medicine



Common healing foods

• Plant sterol

• Oat fiber

• Sunflower

• Soy protein

• Garlic

• Ginger

• Yogurt


Protecting Consumers and Regulating Claims

Strategies to protect health

• Talk to your doctor

• Do your homework

• Advocate for more stringent FDA approval

• “USP Dietary Supplement Verified” seal


Assessing the Risks and Benefits of CAM Treatments


Protecting Consumers and Regulating Claims

Looking to science for more answers

• 1993 Congress established Office of Alternative Medicine

• Now the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine

• Budget to do own research


Healthy Living in the New Millennium

Enlisting support from insurers and providers

• More hiring of alternative practitioners

• Some optional insurance riders

• Gaining support from medical community


Healthy Living in the New Millennium

Self-care

• Consult only reliable sources – texts, journals, periodicals

• Remember that natural does not equal safe

• Realize no one is monitoring herbal supplements

• Dosage levels may vary in herbal products

• Tell your doctor – interactions could occur

• Look for the word standardized or “USP Dietary Supplement Verified”

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