JOB HAZARD

ANALYSIS

What is a Job Hazard Analysis? An effective method of reviewing

the individual steps in performing a job and identifying both unsafe acts and unsafe conditions in order to develop solutions to eliminate or control the hazard.

Benefits

Identify previously undetected hazards.

Increase the job knowledge. Raise safety and health awareness. Improve communication between

workers and supervisors. Establish safe work procedures. Tool for accident investigation.

Four Basic Steps

Select the job Break the job into sequence of steps Identify potential hazards Develop solutions

1. Selecting the Job Jobs with most accidents Jobs where severe accidents can happen New jobs that are being created Jobs being changed Jobs that are already analyzed but are still

causing accident.

2. Break into basic steps

Discuss with the employee the sequence of job steps Observe the job if the steps are accurate. List each step in the order of occurrence Not too general ( miss steps and hazards) Not too detailed (many steps) Jobs can be described in less than ten steps. Discuss with the employee any discrepancy of the

during observation Iron out differences to come-up with the final

sequence of job steps

Who Conducts the Observation?

The immediate supervisor The safety officer Member of the joint occupational health and

safety committee Other employees who perform the same job

Who will be observed?

The worker should be experienced and capable in all parts of the job.

Observation of the Job

Watch the worker do the job. Full cooperation and participation Clearly explain the reason for the

exercise. The job, not the individual, is being studied Not a time and motion study in disguise Not an attempt to uncover individual unsafe

acts.

Observation of the Job

Only regular tools and equipment should be used.

The only difference from normal operations is the fact that the worker is being observed.

Breakdown of steps are discussed by all the participants (including the worker)

3. Identify potential hazards

E xcess ive fo rce req u ired ?

A w kw ard o r u n s tab le p os it ion ?

R ep it it ive m otion ?

S im u ltan eou s ac tion sreq u ired ?

L ift in g , p u sh in g o rp u llin g in vo lved ?

S p ec ific seq u en ce o fac tion n ecessary?

PHYS IC A L A C T IO NS

Toxic

F lam m ab le o rcom b u s tib le?

H eavy?

D ifficu lt tom ove?

M A T E RIA L S

U n g u ard ed m ovin gp arts?

C on tro ls p os it ion edap p rop ria te ly?

In te rlocks req u ired ?

E m erg en cy s topsw itch es access ib le?

D oes eq u ip m en t s to reen erg y?

E Q UIPM E NT

A d eq u ate lig h tin g ?

Tem p era tu reextrem es?

E xcess ive N o ise

V en tila tion req u ired ?

C O ND IT IO NS

T YPIC AL Q U EST IO N S T O C O N SID ER

3. Identify potential hazards Based on observations of the job. Knowledge of accident and injury causes. Personal experience, List the things that could go wrong at each step.

Can any body part get caught in or between objects? Do tools, machines, or equipment present any hazards? Can the worker make harmful contact with objects? Can the worker slip, trip, or fall? Can the worker suffer strain from lifting, pushing, or

pulling? Is the worker exposed to extreme heat or cold? Is excessive noise or vibration a problem?

Sample questions to identify hazards

Sample questions to identify hazards Is there a danger from falling objects? Is lighting a problem? Can weather conditions affect safety? Is harmful radiation a possibility? Can contact be made with hot, toxic, or caustic

substances? Are there dusts, fumes, mists, or vapours in the

air?

4. Develop Solutions

Eliminate the hazard Choose a different process Modify an existing processSubstitute with less hazardous

substance Improve environment (ventilation) Modify or change equipment or

tools

4. Develop Solutions

Contain the hazard Hazard cannot be eliminatedPrevent contact enclosures machine guardsworker booths or similar devices.

4. Develop Solutions

Revise work procedures Consideration might be given to

modifying steps which are hazardous,

Change the sequence of stepsAdding additional steps (such as

locking out energy sources).

4. Develop Solutions

Reduce the exposure Least effective measureNo other solutions are possibleReduce the number of times the

hazard is encountered. Use of appropriate personal

protective equipmentReduce the severity of an accident

JOB OR OPERATION TITLE: DEPARTMENT/ DIVISION: JOB LOCATION: DATE PERFORMED:

PERFORMED BY: VERIFIED BY: TITLE OF EMPLOYEE DOING JOB:

NEW PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT REQUIRED AND/OR RECOMMENDED:REVISED

SEQUENCE OF BASIC JOB STEPS EXISTING AND POTENTIAL HAZARDS RECOMMENDED CORRECTIVE MEASURES

JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS

JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS

Information Dissemination

The result must be communicated to all workers.

Changing a flat tire.

As you leave for work today, you discover that the car has a flat tire. The car is parked on level ground and the parking brake is already set. The bumper jack and spare tire are both in good condition and stored in the trunk of the car.

Key Steps NOT ENOUGHChanging a Flat Tire Park car take off flat tire put on spare tire drive away

Key Job Steps JUST RIGHTChanging a Flat tire Park car, set brake remove jack & tire

from trunk loosen log nuts jack up car remove tire set new tire jack down car

tighten lug nuts store tire & jack

Job Hazard Analysis is one of the most effective tools available to help supervisors protect the health and safety of their employees

To perform an accurate and completed JHA, you need to: Select the job to be analyzed; and Assemble a team of knowledgeable and experienced personnel to

conduct the JHA Then, the team as a whole needs to:

Observe the job as it is performed to break it down into basic steps Analyze each step to determine existing and potential hazards

associated with each step Develop recommendations for eliminating or controlling the hazards

associated with each step