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16.360 Lecture 3 Phasor V R (t) Vs(t)V C (t) i (t) Vs(t) = V 0 Sin( t+ 0 ), V R (t) = i(t)R, V C...
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Transcript of 16.360 Lecture 3 Phasor V R (t) Vs(t)V C (t) i (t) Vs(t) = V 0 Sin( t+ 0 ), V R (t) = i(t)R, V C...
16.360 Lecture 3
• Phasor
VR(t)
Vs(t) VC(t)
i (t)
Vs(t) = V0Sin(t+0),
VR(t) = i(t)R,
VC(t) = i(t)dt/C,
Vs(t) = VR(t) +VC(t),
V0Sin(t+0) = i(t)dt/C + i(t)R, Integral equation,
Using phasor to solve integral and differential equations
16.360 Lecture 3
• Phasor
Z(t) = Re( Z ejt
)
Z is time independent function of Z(t), i.e. phasor
Vs(t) = V0Sin(t+0)
)j(0 - /2)= Re(V0 e
jte
jte= Re(V ),
V = V0 e j(0 - /2) ,
16.360 Lecture 3
• Phasor
i(t) = Re( I ejt
)
), = Re(I jte
i(t)dt = Re( I e jt )dt
j1
V0Sin(t+0) = i(t)dt/C + i(t)R,
time domain equation:
phasor domain equation:
)(tf f
)(tfdt
dfj
dttf )( fj
Time Phasor
VR(t)
Vs(t) VC(t)
i (t)
V + I R , = IjC
1
16.360 Lecture 3
• Phasor domain
Back to time domain:
V + I R , = IjC
1
I = V
R + 1/(jC)
= R + 1/(jC)
V0 e j(0 - /2)
,
i(t) = Re( I ejt
) = Re ( jt
) R + 1/(jC)
V0 e j(0 - /2)
e
VR(t)
Vs(t) VC(t)
i (t)
V0Sin(t+0) = i(t)dt/C + i(t)R,
16.360 Lecture 3
• An Example :
VL(t)
Vs(t) = V0Sin(t+0),
VR(t) = i(t)R,
VL(t) = Ldi(t)/dt,
Vs(t) = VR(t) +VL(t),
V0Sin(t+0) = Ldi(t)/dt + i(t)R, differential equation,
Using phasor to solve the differential equation.
VR(t)
Vs(t)
i (t)
16.360 Lecture 3
• Phasor
i(t) = Re( I ejt
)
), = Re(Ijt
e
di(t)/dt = Re(d I e jt )/dt
j
V0Sin(t+0) = Ldi(t)/dt + i(t)R,
time domain equation:
phasor domain equation:
jte Re(V ) Re( I e
jt), )L + = Re(I
jtej
16.360 Lecture 3
• Phasor domain
Back to time domain:
V + I R, = I jL
I = V
R + (jL)
= R + jL)
V0 e j(0 - /2)
,
i(t) = Re( I ejt
) = Re ( jt
) R + (jL)
V0 e j(0 - /2)
e
16.360 Lecture 3
• Steps of transferring integral or differential equations to linear equations using phasor.
1. Convert the given expressions to cosine function2. Express time-dependent variables as phsaor.3. Rewrite integral or differential equations in phasor domain.4. Solve phasor domain equations5. Change phasors variable to their time domain value
16.360 Lecture 3
• Waves in phasor domain
Recall waves, traveling wave in time domain
)22
cos(),( 0
tT
xAtxy
In phasor domain
02
)(
xjAexy + x direction
- x direction02
)(
xjAexy
16.360 Lecture 3
• A question
Answer: a traveling wave in phasor domain
What’s this?
xjAexy
2
)(
Complex amplitude
16.360 Lecture 3
• Electromagnetic spectrum.
Recall relation: f = v.
• Some important wavelength ranges:
1. Fiber optical communication: = 1.3 – 1.5m.2. Free space communication: ~ 700nm – 980nm.3. TV broadcasting and cellular phone: 300MHz – 3GHz. 4. Radar and remote sensing: 30GHz – 300GHz
Relations for Complex Numbers
Learn how to perform these with your calculator/computer
Summary