15654634 Tricks in Set Induction

8/21/2019 15654634 Tricks in Set Induction

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1.1. Objectives

Tricks in Set Induction aims to:

i. Arouse the pupils interestii. Make the lesson more livelyiii. Stimulate pupils’ curiosityiv. Provide pupils with opportunities to develop

science process skills and thinking skillsv. Provide pupils with basic science

knowledge and conceptsvi. Appreciate the contributions o science and

technology towards the well being omankind.

!ricks in Science stimulate and e"cites children’s curiosity about phenomenaand events in the world around them. #t also satisy their curiosity. $oodteaching in primary science involves understanding the children’s idea on thetopic and enable teachers to plan work that challenge and reconstruct thechildren’s idea. !ricks in science allow pupils to think ahead and create thee"citement o learning a new lesson.

Teacher carries out set induction which

attracts pupils’ attention / stimulates pupils’ mind / is directed towards pupils’ mental readiness

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1.%. Method

Tricks in Set Induction can be carried outas below:

i. Demonstrations

ii. Hands-on activitiesiii. Discussions

Teacher’s Demonstration

A demonstration may be used as part o a teacher’s e"position. !his is oteneasily controlled with the children sitting& listening& watching and participating.!eacher’s demonstration to the whole class should be used where appropriate.

!eacher should consider the ollowing when demonstrating the idea'• (nsure that all children can see what you are doing. !ry to demonstrate

with large piece o e)uipment.

• Make the demonstration short and snappy.

• #nvolve the children with demonstration.

• *einorce the main points by asking ollowing up )uestions.

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1.+. Activity

”The Curious Comb”

Topic Related:

(lectricity

Objective:

!o introduceelectricity

Materialsneeded:

,omb&a piece o paper&woollen cloth

Steps:

1. !ear - cut a piece o paper into smallpieces.

%. Ask a pupil to rub a plastic comb briskly

on a woollen cloth and then hold it asnear as possible to the pieces o paper.

Note:

(lectrostatic is a kind o electricity which is static

/oesn’t low0

Questions Asked:

hat can youobserve2

!he papers are

attracted by the

comb because

rubbing the comb

on a woollen cloth

charges it with static

electricity.0

”Shadow O Shadow”

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Topic Related:

3ight

Objective:

!o demonstrate

how a shadow is

ormed and to

create some

shadow picture

using this

inormation

Materials

needed:

!orch light or desk

lamp& a darkened

room& a white wall

or screen

Steps:

1. Select one pupil to shine a torch on the

white wall - screen.

%. Ask other pupils to move their hands up

and down in the light making the shadow

on the wall - screen.

+. Move the hands backward and orwards

to see the si4es o the shapes.

Questions Asked:

hat can you see on

the wall - screen2

hat is the

colour o the

shadow2

“The Falling Cup”

Topic Related: Steps: Questions Asked:

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5eat

Objective:

6nderstanding

the eects o

heat on matter.

Materials

needed:

balloon

rubber band

candle

polystyrene cup

lighter

1. 7low a balloon.

%. Put polystyrene on the surace o the balloon.

+. 7low the balloon again until it covers the cup

ully and traps the air inside.

Predict what willhappen to the cup2

!he heat rom thecandle lamewarms the cold airin the cup causingit to e"pand&pushing the cup upto all down.0

”Rolling Can”

Topic Related:

(nergy

Steps:

1. Make a hole at the top and bottom o a tincan.

Questions Asked:

hat can youobserve2

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Objective:

!o understandthat energy can

be transormedrom one orm toanother.

Materialsneeded:

(mpty tin can&*ubber band&Paper clip&#ce cream sticks.

%. #nsert a rubber band through the hole.

+. At one end& put a paper clip to the rubberband& while on the other end& insert anice8cream stick to it.

!he length o the ice8cream stick islonger than the diameter o the tin.0

9. !wist the stick 1: ; 1< times.


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6nderstand water

in the orm o

solid& li)uid and

gas

Materials

needed:

#ce cubes

!hread

$lass

A bottle o salt

1 ?loat a ew ice cubes in aglass o water.

! et a piece o cotton stringwith water. 3ay the string on topo the ice cubes.

" Sprinkle salt all over the stringand wait or about < or 1:seconds.

# @ow lit the string and the icecubes will be stuck to it. Makes apretty cool necklace eh2 ,ool27oom8boom

Seawater contains roughly +<grams o salt per litre thatBsabout two teaspoons per cup0and ree4es at 81.C>,. 7ut keepadding salt and the ree4ingtemperature o water can dropas low as 8%1>,

Salt and other solutes

substances that dissolve0reduce the ree4ing pointbecause they disrupt the crystalstructure o ice and reduce theconcentration o pure water. At:>,& the molecules in purewater orm very strong bondswith each other which DlocksDthem into position to orm thesolid we call ice. # oreignmolecules such as sodium andchlorine the ingredients incommon table salt0 s)uee4ebetween water molecules& thesebonds canBt orm.

Any reduction in the

concentration o pure waterdepresses the ree4ing point. Sothe higher the saltconcentration& the lower theree4ing point.

hen you sprinkle salt onto anice cube& the local saltconcentration skyrockets andthe ree4ing point comestumbling down. 7ut the meltingwater lows o the cube andlushes some o the salt awaywhich reduces the localconcentration on top. !he lowersalt concentration raises theree4ing point again so the

water reree4es. As it does& ittraps the string and youBvecaught yoursel an ice cube

“Blooming Balloons”

Topic Related:

States o Matter

Steps:

1. Ask a pupil to inlate a balloon& tell him -

her not to blow too hard.

Questions Asked:

1.hat did youobserve2

Pupils will observe

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Objective:

!o show that it is

possible to stick a

pin in balloon

without bursting it

Materials

needed:

balloon& adhesive

tape&skewer - long

wire - satay stick

and scissors

%. Stick a piece o adhesive tape on the

balloon.

+. !ake a skewer long iron rod with sharp

end 0 and very careully push it into the

balloon through the tape. Eou may also

used other suitable object to replace

skewer such as long wire or satay stick 0.

!he length o the skewer must be longer

than the si4e o the inlated balloon.

9. Observe what happen to the balloon.

the pin will gothrough the tape andthe balloon& withoutbursting it.

Reference:

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$alloon Shish %ebab!his is a classic trick everyone should know. All you need is a shish kebab skewer and aballoon& and a bit o conidence that it will work

@ote' this trick always works with high )uality balloons but beware cheap ones0

1 In&late a balloon so that it is no lon'er than (our shish kebabskewer

! )are&ull( poke the point( end o& the skewer into the centre o&the dark spot on top o& the balloon

/o this careully ; you need to overcome your ear o the balloonpopping and press airly hard.

" *nce (ou+ve 'ot the skewer in the balloon, (ou need tocare&ull( slide it so the point( end comes out ri'ht net to theknot

5old your balloon up to a light so you can see where the skewer isinside.

# .oila / a balloon shish kebab0

!he balloon didn’t pop and you can even careully take the skewerout again. Ama4ing.

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hat+s 'oin' on2

hen you inlate a balloon& nearly all the rubber stretches... a lot As the rubber stretches& itgets a lot thinner too. 7ut the dark spot at the top& and the area around the knot are notstretched much& i at all. !he spots are dark because theyBre thicker then the rest o theinlated balloon.

!he tension in the rubber o an inlated balloon causes even the tiniest tear to grow very ast. As soon as a tear appears& the tear races around the balloon and it pops with a loud bang.

7ut in the dark spots at the top and bottom o a balloon there is no tension& so a tiny tearwonBt grow here and the balloon wonBt pop.

7alloons are made by dipping metal moulds into li)uid late". !he dark spot at the top is aresult o this process. !hereBs a great photo o a balloon production line at the website below.

Photo o balloon production linehttp'--merlin.alred.edu-muller-?ormerPhysorld-Physorld-Project


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Topic Related:

States o Matter

Objective:

6nderstandingthat matter canchange rom one

state to another.

Materials

needed:

ice cubes

jar

hot water

tray

Steps:

1. Place an aluminium tray in the ree4eruntil it is cold. *emove it and place icecubes in it.

%. ?ill a jar with hot water and place the traywith ice cubes over the jar’s mouth.3eave it there or several minutes.

+. hen the water vapour rom the jar roseto the top it will heat the cold tray. !hewater vapour will turn into water and

drops as rain.

Questions Asked:

hat do youobserve2

!he pupils see thecondensation buildon the bottom o thetray.0

“onder o! "urple Cabbage”

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Topic Related:

Acid and Alkali

Objective:

6nderstanding the

properties o

acidic& alkaline

and neutral

substances

Materials

needed:

G o red cabbage

% beakers

7aking soda

7lender - grater

Steps:

1. 7lend some red cabbage with somewater and put into a bowl. # you gratethe cabbage& put aside or 9< minutes0.

%. Pour an e)ual amount about hal a cup0o cabbage into a beaker.

+. Add 1 teaspoon o baking soda to all thebeakers e"cept or one beaker that isused as control.

9. Observe the colour changes.

Questions Asked:

hat is the changein the colour o themi"ture2

!he baking sodawill turn the redcabbage juice to bluebecause this is analkaline.0

”The #oonligh$ing”

Topic Related: Steps: Questions Asked:

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!he (arth& !he

Moon and !he

Sun

Objective:

6nderstanding the

phases o the

Moon.

Materials

needed:

% rounded shapewith e)ual si4eblack and white0&

*ailing made opolystyrene

1. Prepare % identical round shaped mountingboards. with black and white colours0

%. Paste an ice ; cream stick on each mounting

boards.

+. Make two rails on the polystyrene.

9. Place both mounting board onthe centre o the railing.


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Strength and

Stability

Objective:

6nderstanding the

stability o a

structure.

Materials

needed:

!oothpicks

,ork

1. Ask pupils to build a model oany animal using materialsgiven.

%.Put the models on the table.

+.Shake the table.

9.Observe what happen.


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Objective:

6nderstanding the

constellation.

Materials

needed:

Polystyrene

Pins

*ubber bands -

strings

%. Ask the pupils to orm a certain shape using a rubber

band.

+. Pupils e"plain the shape that they made.

there within theshape2

!he number o pinsrepresenting a group

o stars that orm aconstellation 0

“'nchan$ed 'gg”

Topic Related:

!his activity is

recommended to

be carried out as

Steps:

1. Peeled a hard boiled egg. Put the eggonto the mouth o a conical lask.

%. Ask a pupil to push it into the conical lask

Questions Asked:

,an the egg get into

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Pins with colour

polystyrene


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an activity during

Science eek or

Science ?air.

Materials

needed:

conical lask&

boiled egg&

match&a piece o paper

without smashing it. Push careully. !heegg will not get into the conical lask 0

+. *emove the egg and drop a burningpaper into the conical lask. Iuickly put

the egg again onto the mouth o theconical lask.

9. Observe what happen to the egg. !heegg will get into the conical lask by itsel 0

the bottle2 @o 0

@ow& can the egg getinto the bottle2

Ees 0

#nerence '

hen the burningpaper uses up theo"ygen and goes out&the air pressuredecrease& suckingthe egg into the lask0

”The #agic (ime”

Topic Related:

!his activity is

recommended to

be carried out as

Steps:

1. Prepare an electric circuit as shownbelow. battery& wire& bulb0

%. ?ill two beakers& one with lime juice andthe other one with tap water.

Questions Asked:

,an you think osomething that useelectricity2

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an activity during

Science eek or

Science ?air.

Materialsneeded:

ires& bulb& ironrod&

7eakers& lime juice and tapwater

+. /ip in the iron rod into the limejuice.

9. *epeat step + by using tap water.


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• !eaching ,hildren About Physical Science

by Elaine Levenson)

• !op Secret Science

Massachusetts Science ,enter (Program Usahasama Pusat ains!egara "engan Meri"ian #chiever "n$ %h"$))

• Science ?un 7right #deas0

Pubished by Scholastic Publications 3td. (Written by &ony 'riffith)

• Primary Science

!eaching !heory and Practice (ohn har* 'raham Peacock* Robohnsey* hirley imon* Robin mith)

ebsites

http:335c-schoolsnet3ppthtmlhttp:33wwwdosciencecom3http:33wwwabcnetau3science3sur&in'scientist3trickshtmhttp:33wwwbo(sli&eor'3hobbies-pro5ects3&unstu&&31"6#3ama7in'-science-tricks3

)*MM*N 89STI*NS ;S%D

PLANNING INVESTIGATIONS

What are we trying to find out?

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http://jc-schools.net/ppt.htmlhttp://www.doscience.com/http://www.abc.net.au/science/surfingscientist/tricks.htmhttp://www.boyslife.org/hobbies-projects/funstuff/1374/amazing-science-tricks/http://www.boyslife.org/hobbies-projects/funstuff/1374/amazing-science-tricks/http://jc-schools.net/ppt.htmlhttp://www.doscience.com/http://www.abc.net.au/science/surfingscientist/tricks.htmhttp://www.boyslife.org/hobbies-projects/funstuff/1374/amazing-science-tricks/http://www.boyslife.org/hobbies-projects/funstuff/1374/amazing-science-tricks/


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What do we want to change?

What do we want to keep the a!e?

What do we think wi"" happen?

What do we want to !eaure?

#ow do we record our !eaure!ent?

What e$uip!ent do we need to do thi e%peri!ent?

Materials from the Internet

Amazing Science Tricks7y Michio $oto#llustrations by ?red Schrier ?rom the April %::9 %oys+ Life maga4ine

6sing common objects around the house& you can demonstrate cool scientiic laws. 5ere’show'

(ditor’s @ote' Make sure an adult helps you with these e"periments.

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%eepin' ater Separate

?ill two identical glasses with water. Add two tablespoons o salt to the water in one glass andstir well. Add a ew drops o ood coloring to the water in the other glass.

,over the glass containing the colored water with a sheet o paper& turn it upside down andplace it on top o the glass containing salt water. 7e sure to do this trick over a saucer orbowl.0

$ently pull the paper out rom between the glasses. !he colored water and the salt water willremain separate.

How Does It ork2Salt water is heavier than colored water& so the two stay separate as long as the boundarybetween them isn’t disturbed. !ry turning the two glasses over& though. !he heavier salt water will now be on top& so it will low down and mi" with the colored water.

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; )an That )an


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; >l(in' Trash $a'

5old the mouth o a black trash bag in one hand. 6se a hair dryer to blow hot air into the bag.

Seal the mouth o the bag with tape. !ie a long piece o string around the tape so you canhold it. !ake the bag out into the sun. !he bag will rise slowly into the air. #t’s best to do thistrick in an open area on a windless day.0

How Does It ork2Since the bag is black& it absorbs heat rom the sun. !hat heat makes the air inside the bag

e"pand and become lighter. hen the bag and the air inside are lighter than the surroundingair& the bag starts to rise.

$endin' ?i'ht Throu'h ater

Punch a hole in a clear plastic bottle two inches rom the bottom. Put your inger over thehole& ill the bottle with water and cap it to keep it rom draining out.

/arken the room and cover part o a lashlight with your ingers to make the beam narrower.hen you take the cap o the bottle& the water will low out in an arc. Shine the lashlight at

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the stream rom the side o the bottle opposite the hole. !he light will bend with the arc andcreate a bright glow where the water hits the sink.

How Does It ork2hen the light in the stream strikes the boundary between the water and air& much o the light

is relected back into the stream. !he light continues this internal relection all along the arcormed by the alling water. !he same principle is used to transmit light signals throughle"ible optical ibers.

4eadin' Throu'h an nvelope

ith a black elt8tip pen& write a three8letter word in large letters on a white piece o paper.Place the paper in a brown envelope& and insert that envelope into a white envelope. !hewriting on the paper should now be impossible to read.

$et a piece o dark construction paper or tear out a page rom a maga4ine that is printed onboth sides. *oll up the paper into a our8inch8long tube. hen you hold the tube against the

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envelope& you’ll be able to read the writing inside.

How Does It ork26sually you can’t read the writing inside an envelope because o the light relected o theenvelope’s white surace. 7ut the tube blocks that relected light& so you see only the light

coming through the envelope.

'' Into $ottle

?ind a glass bottle that has a mouth slightly smaller in diameter than an egg. Pour some hotwater into the bottle be careul0& shake it vigorously and empty the water.

Peel a sot8boiled egg and place it on the mouth o the bottle. 3eave it there or a while and itwill get sucked inside.

How Does It ork2!he vapor rom the hot water drives the air out o the bottle. Once the egg seals the top o thebottle& the air can’t get back in. As the water vapor cools& it turns back into water& causing the

pressure inside the bottle to drop. !he higher pressure o the outside air pushes the egg intothe bottle.

Toothpick Torpedo

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/ab a little shampoo on the blunt end o a wooden toothpick.

/rop the toothpick in a pan o water. !he toothpick will start moving in the direction o thesharp end.

How Does It ork2

Shampoo contains agents that reduce the surace tension o li)uids. As the shampoo on theend o the toothpick dissolves& it reduces the water’s surace tension around it& thus releasingthe water’s hold on that end o the toothpick. !he water around the other end o the toothpickstill has surace tension& so it pulls the toothpick in that direction.

!o learn more ama4ing science tricks& check out the book KAma4ing Science !ricksL byMichio $oto

15654634 Tricks in Set Induction

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