1510-1848 chronology excerpted from California: A History (Starr 2005)
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Transcript of 1510-1848 chronology excerpted from California: A History (Starr 2005)
Review of
Pre-European contact to
Statehood
California State University Monterey BaySBS 385 Environmental History of California
Fall 2014Dr. John Cusick
1510-1848 chronology excerpted from California: A History (Starr 2005)
Physical Geography
Mt Shasta Modoc Plateau
Cascades Sierra Nevada
Coast Ranges Central Valley
Lake Tahoe Mono Lake
San Francisco Bay Monterey Bay
Sacramento River San Joaquin River
Big Sur Salinas River
Transverse Ranges
Owens Valley Death Valley
Mojave Desert Colorado River
Oregon Nevada Arizona
Salton Sea Baja California
Lithosphere
Geologic history and plate tectonics
Direction of Pacific Ocean currents
Atmosphere
Climate and weather patterns
Cool wet winters
Hot dry summers
Hydrosphere
California watersheds
Major rivers include
Sacramento
San Joaquin
Salinas
Colorado
Biosphere
Temperate rain forest in NW
Continental mountains
Coastal mountains
Great Basin
High and low elevation deserts
Mediterranean
Grasslands
Native Americans in California
Indigenous people for thousands of years
Territories often related to bioregions and watersheds
Linguistic diversity
Hunters, gatherers, fishers, agriculturalists
European contact leads to:
expansion of church and state
pursuit of wealth
genocide of indigenous people by violence and disease
slave trade with Africa
global expeditions and trade
redistribution of species for commerce and by accident
1510 California described by Spanish author Montalvo as a Terrestrial
Paradise
1602 Vizcaino explores California coast
1578-1580 Sir Francis Drake sails the ship Golden Hinde around the
world and establishes British interests in the Americas and
Asia
Spanish exploration of California
Links California coast to Mexico and New Spain
Globalization in the 16th century
Spanish and Portuguese global empires link Europe, Atlantic Ocean, the Americas, Pacific
Ocean, and Asia
1769 Sacred Expedition organizers
Church (mission)
Franciscan priest Father Junipero Serra
State (pueblo)
Inspector General Galvez
Military (presidio)
Captain Portola
18th century colonization of
Alta California by the Spanish
El Camino Real (The Royal Road) connects a system of 21 missions one day’s journey apart from one
another
1774 Captain de Anza trail links California to Mexico by land
1800 North America
1803 Louisiana Purchase from the French doubles the size of the United
States
1803-05 President Jefferson organizes the Lewis and Clark Corps of Discovery
Early 19th century North America
United States
Indian Territories
Spanish Territories
Oregon Country claims by Great Britain and Russia
1822-31 Jedediah Smith
Mountain man and fur trapper
Links California to United States by land
American expeditions into the Pacific Northwest and the Southwest prepare
the way for a policy of Manifest Destiny and a nation from “sea to
shining sea”
1821 Spanish Empire collapses
and Mexico gains Independence
1824 California becomes a Mexican Territory
1834 Secularization of California missions leads to their abandonment and disrepair
1822-1846 Mexican Government Land Grants to Californios dominate the
economy and define Mexican California
1840s Americanization of the West
1846 Bear Flag Revolt by Californios and Anglos
1848 Treaty of Hidalgo cedes California to the United States
1848 Gold discovered in Sierra Nevada foothills
1850 California admitted as 31st state of the United States of
America