15-3 Evolution in Process. Evidence of Evolution 1. Homologous Structures 2. Analogous Structures 3....
-
Upload
rosaline-palmer -
Category
Documents
-
view
248 -
download
2
Transcript of 15-3 Evolution in Process. Evidence of Evolution 1. Homologous Structures 2. Analogous Structures 3....
![Page 1: 15-3 Evolution in Process. Evidence of Evolution 1. Homologous Structures 2. Analogous Structures 3. Vestigial Structures 4. Similarities in Embryology.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061600/56649f065503460f94c1c3f3/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
15-3
Evolution in Process
![Page 2: 15-3 Evolution in Process. Evidence of Evolution 1. Homologous Structures 2. Analogous Structures 3. Vestigial Structures 4. Similarities in Embryology.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061600/56649f065503460f94c1c3f3/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Evidence of Evolution
• 1. Homologous Structures• 2. Analogous Structures• 3. Vestigial Structures• 4. Similarities in Embryology• 5. Similarities in Macromolecules
![Page 3: 15-3 Evolution in Process. Evidence of Evolution 1. Homologous Structures 2. Analogous Structures 3. Vestigial Structures 4. Similarities in Embryology.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061600/56649f065503460f94c1c3f3/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
1. Homologous Structures
• Similar features that originated in common ancestor (recent)
• Ex: human arm, bird wing, frog arm
![Page 4: 15-3 Evolution in Process. Evidence of Evolution 1. Homologous Structures 2. Analogous Structures 3. Vestigial Structures 4. Similarities in Embryology.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061600/56649f065503460f94c1c3f3/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
2. Analogous Structures
• Features which share a purpose but do not have common origin
• Ex: bird wing insect wing
![Page 5: 15-3 Evolution in Process. Evidence of Evolution 1. Homologous Structures 2. Analogous Structures 3. Vestigial Structures 4. Similarities in Embryology.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061600/56649f065503460f94c1c3f3/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
3. Vestigial Structures
• Features which were useful to an ancestor but have no current use
• Ex: – Human tail bone, appendix– Snake pelvic bones
limb bones– Whale pelvic bones
![Page 6: 15-3 Evolution in Process. Evidence of Evolution 1. Homologous Structures 2. Analogous Structures 3. Vestigial Structures 4. Similarities in Embryology.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061600/56649f065503460f94c1c3f3/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
4. Similarities in Embryology
• “Ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny”• Embryological development repeats
evolutionary history• Ernst Haeckel
![Page 7: 15-3 Evolution in Process. Evidence of Evolution 1. Homologous Structures 2. Analogous Structures 3. Vestigial Structures 4. Similarities in Embryology.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061600/56649f065503460f94c1c3f3/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
5. Similarities in Macromolecules
• Amino acid sequence (proteins)• Ex cytochrome C• The more similarities = the more recent
common ancestor
![Page 8: 15-3 Evolution in Process. Evidence of Evolution 1. Homologous Structures 2. Analogous Structures 3. Vestigial Structures 4. Similarities in Embryology.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061600/56649f065503460f94c1c3f3/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Patterns of EvolutionWays in Which Species Change
• 1. Coevolution• 2. Convergent evolution• 3. Divergent evolution
![Page 9: 15-3 Evolution in Process. Evidence of Evolution 1. Homologous Structures 2. Analogous Structures 3. Vestigial Structures 4. Similarities in Embryology.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061600/56649f065503460f94c1c3f3/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
1. Coevolution
• Change of 2 or more species in close association with each other
• Ex predator/prey
flowers/pollinators
![Page 10: 15-3 Evolution in Process. Evidence of Evolution 1. Homologous Structures 2. Analogous Structures 3. Vestigial Structures 4. Similarities in Embryology.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061600/56649f065503460f94c1c3f3/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
2. Convergent Evolution
• Occurs when similar phenotypes in different species are selected in similar environment even though ancestors were very different
• Ex shark & porpoise
![Page 11: 15-3 Evolution in Process. Evidence of Evolution 1. Homologous Structures 2. Analogous Structures 3. Vestigial Structures 4. Similarities in Embryology.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061600/56649f065503460f94c1c3f3/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
3. Divergent Evolution
• Occurs when 2 or more related populations or species become more & more different (usually due to habitat changes)
• 2 types– Adaptive radiation– Artificial selection
![Page 12: 15-3 Evolution in Process. Evidence of Evolution 1. Homologous Structures 2. Analogous Structures 3. Vestigial Structures 4. Similarities in Embryology.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061600/56649f065503460f94c1c3f3/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Adaptive Radiation
• Many species from single common ancestor• Ex Darwin’s finches
![Page 13: 15-3 Evolution in Process. Evidence of Evolution 1. Homologous Structures 2. Analogous Structures 3. Vestigial Structures 4. Similarities in Embryology.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061600/56649f065503460f94c1c3f3/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Artificial Selection
• Selective breeding• Ex dogs, cats, horses, sheep,
chickens, fruit