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1450-1750ReviewWhat were the major changes/developments from 1450 1750?1450-1750 Major DevelopmentsEuropean discovery of Americas creates a New Global Economy which begins a process of globalizationAtlantic Trade Network (Triangular Trade)Atlantic Slave TradeMajor Biological Exchanges (Columbian Exchange)New Empires in Asia, Africa, Europe and AmericasGunpowder EmpiresColonial administrationsCoercive labor systemsSlave SystemsRise of EuropeScientific RevolutionEnlightenmentWhat were the major civilizations from 1450-1750?Major Civilizations 1450-1750The Americas: Aztec, IncaAfrica: Kongo, Benin, Oyo, Dahomey, Ashanti, SonghayEast Asia: Ming, Qing, TokugawaSouth Asia: MughalWhat were some of the major continuities from 1450-1750?Continuities 1450-1750Existing trade routes continued to be important to global exchangeNo sweeping global cultural changes during this eraNo systematic changes in gender relationsSpread of world religions continuedEx. Christianity to the Americas

What were the major global processes from 1450-1750?Global Processes 1450-1750Triangular Trade Network (including Atlantic Slave Trade)ExplorationEuropean Colonization of the AmericasColumbian Exchange

Must-Know Dates 1450-175014531453Ottomans capture Constantinople14881488Dias rounded the Cape of Good Hope14921492Columbus sails the ocean blue.15021502African slaves begin to arrive in the Americas.15171517Martin Luther writes the 95 Theses15211521Cortez conquered the Aztecs.15331533Pizarro conquered the Incas.15711571Battle of Lepanto (naval defeat of the Ottomans)15881588British defeat the Spanish Armada16001600Battle of Sekigahara beginning of Tokugawa Shogunate1618-16481618-1614Thirty Years War16831683Unsuccessful Ottoman siege of Vienna1689Glorious Revolution & English Bill of RightsOttomans capture Constantinople1453Ottomans capture Constantinople

Dias rounded the Cape of Good Hope1488Dias rounded the Cape of Good HopeColumbus sails the ocean blue.1492Columbus sails the ocean blue.

African slaves begin to arrive in the Americas.1502African slaves begin to arrive in the Americas.

Martin Luther writes the 95 Theses1517Martin Luther writes the 95 Theses

Cortez conquered the Aztecs.1521Cortez conquered the Aztecs.

Pizarro conquered the Incas.1533Pizarro conquered the Incas.

Battle of Lepanto (naval defeat of the Ottomans)1571Battle of Lepanto (naval defeat of the Ottomans)

British defeat the Spanish Armada1588British defeat the Spanish Armada

Battle of Sekigahara beginning of Tokugawa Shogunate1600Battle of Sekigahara beginning of Tokugawa Shogunate

Thirty Years War1618-1648Thirty Years War

Unsuccessful Ottoman siege of Vienna1683Unsuccessful Ottoman siege of Vienna

Glorious Revolution & English Bill of Rights1689Glorious Revolution & English Bill of Rights

1450-1750The Early Modern EraReview QuestionsWhat was the general status of women from1450 1750?64In most parts of the world, women continue to occupy a secondary status.In most societies, marriage was primarily an economic arrangement.In a limited and gradual sense, some parts of Europe began to develop a greater awareness of the injustice of the position women held in society.Aristocratic women and increasingly middle class women had informal forms of influence over husbands and sons, the education of children, running households and businesses and managing finances.A handful of monarchs were women.Women1450 - 175065What were the major economic trends in the period 1450-1750?Economic Trends 1450-1750Rise of a global trade networkEmergence of Europe as a world economic powerDecline in the power of nomadic groupsInflation as a result of increase in gold and silverNew major trade network (Atlantic)Increase in the importance of trade-based wealth vs. land- based wealthNew labor systemsEnslavement of Native American and Africans by EuropeansEuropean colonial economies in the Americas heavily dependant on based on slave labor

What were the major demographic trends in the period 1450-1750?Demographic Trends 1450-1750Migration of Europeans to the AmericasForced migration of Africans to the AmericasOverall global population increaseLargest increases in population were in Europe and AsiaWhat were the major environmental trends in the period 1450-1750?Environmental Trends 1450 1750 Transfer of plants, animals and diseases via the Columbian ExchangeIncrease agricultural developmentWhat were the major cultural and intellectual developments in the period 1450-1750?

Cultural and Intellectual Developments1450 - 1750European RenaissanceProtestant ReformationEuropean EnlightenmentIncrease in the influence of Neo-Confucianism in ChinaNew art forms in the Mughal Empire in IndiaWhat were the major land-based powers from 1450 1750 ?Land-based Powers 1450 -1750Ottoman EmpireSafavid Empire (Persia/Present-day Iran)Mughal Empire (India)Ming and Qing ChinaTokugawa JapanSonghay (Songhai) Empire (western Africa)BeninWhat were the major sea-based powers from 1450 1750 ?Sea-based Powers 1450 1750PortugalSpainFranceEnglandWhat were the reasons for an increase in the population in Europe from 1450 - 1750?Reasons for Rise in European PopulationIntroduction of potatoes and corn from the New WorldEuropean agricultural revolutionDescribe the phases of Europes emergence as a world power from 1450-1750.Rise of Europe 1450 - 1750Before 1400s Europe is behind1500s 1600s Europe is about even1700s Europe is beginning to pass other parts of the world in terms of wealth and technology1800s Europe is becoming a dominant economic and military world power and there is an increase in European imperial activityWhat were the major political developments from 1450 1750 ?Political Developments in Europe 1450 - 17501st World Wars (ex. 7 Years War)Rise of Nation-StatesNew forms of monarchyAbsolute MonarchiesParliamentary Governments

What is divine right?Divine rightMonarch get their right to rule from God; therefore, this right cannot be taken awayWhat is a nation-state?Nation-stateSolid political units with relatively fixed borders, a sense of national unity and mostly homogeneous populations ethnically and linguisticallyWhat were the major social developments in Europe from 1450 1750 ?Social Developments in Europe 1450 - 1750Social diversification as a result of the growing importance of nonagricultural occupations(ex. Banking, commerce, trade, shop keeping, artisanry, craftsmanship)Rise of middle class (bourgeoisie)

Which dynasties ruled China from 1450-1750?Ming Dynasty (1368-1644)Qing Dynasty (1644-How did Japan begin this period (1450-1750?)Japan was disunified Governed by military shogunsFeudal warsIndependent states ruled by landed aristocracy (daiymo)Who unified Japan in 1603?Tokugawa IeyasuTokugawa Shogunate ruled from 1603-1868.What were the three gunpowder empires?Ottoman Safavid MughalWhere was each empire located?Ottoman N. Africa, SE Europe, SW AsiaSafavid Present day IranMughal northern India

What are did the gunpowder empires have in common?Where were the founders of the Ottoman Empire from?Central AsiaWho was at the top of the Ottoman political structure?The SultanHow were sultans different from European monarchs?Sultans did not marryThe heir was not necessarily the oldest sonWhere was the Ottoman capital?IstanbulWho was the greatest of the Ottoman sultans?Suleiman the Magnificent (aka Suleiman the Lawgiver)What elite group of soldiers supplemented the Ottoman military?janissariesWhat was the harem?elite social network made up mostly of the sultans relativesWho is the best known Ottoman architect?SinanWho was at the top of the Safavid political structure?The ShahWhat was the main culture and religion in the Safavid Empire?Persian CultureReligion Shiite MuslimWhat became a national industry in the Safavid Empire?Persian RugsWho established the Mughal Empire?Mongol warlord Babur (aka the Tiger) in 1520What was the most important trade item in the Mughal Empire?textilesThe Mughals are known for what famous architectural structure?The Taj Mahal