14-3 Human Molecular Genetics. Testing for Alleles Genetic tests are now available for hundreds of...
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Transcript of 14-3 Human Molecular Genetics. Testing for Alleles Genetic tests are now available for hundreds of...
14-3 Human Molecular Genetics
Testing for Alleles
• Genetic tests are now available for hundreds of disorderso Tay-Sachso Cystic Fibrosiso Sickle Cell
• Helps parents see what disorders they risk passing to their children
DNA Fingerprinting• Analysis of sections of
DNA that have little or no known function, but vary widely from one individual to another, in order to identify individuals.
• What does this mean? How is it done?
What is DNA Fingerprinting used for?
Paternity TestingMissing
Persons
Forensic Science (Crime Investigations & Body Identification)
Review
The Human Genome Project
• It took 10 years to sequence all 46 chromosomes (1990 – 2000)
• Human genome = roughly 3,000,000,000 base pairs (3 billion bp)
• How is it done?
E. coli genome ≈ 5 million base pairs.
Loblolly pine ≈ 23 billion base pairs
Human genome ≈ roughly 3 billion base pairs
Longest Genome
Sequence to Date
• 21,000 genes are on the 46 chromosomes in the Human Genome
Gene Therapy• The process of
changing the gene that causes a genetic disorder by using a recombinant virus (vector) to insert an unaffected gene into the DNA.
• An absent or faulty gene is replaced by a normal, working gene.