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seqtemberi(eluli)#9 (408)(5775)2015

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g i l o c a v T !14-15 seqtemberi roS ha Sana _ axali weli

dgeba ebrauli welTaRricxvis 5776-e weliwadi

2 m e n o r a seqtemberi (eluli) №9, 2015 w.

miSa kakaiaSvilis ojaxma ukve meored miarTva saCuqrad Tbilisis did salocavs aharon ha kodeSis farda _ exalis faroxeTi. pirveli farda salocavs saCuqrad miarTva 1998w. saCuqari miuZRvna ebraeli eris ocdaeqvs saukunovan cxovrebas saqarTveloSi . fardis damza-deba SeukveTa q-n nana janaSvil-krixels. q-i nana im dros msaxurobda Tbilisis sayofacxovrebo momsaxurebis saxl `pirimze~-Si da cno-bili iyo xelnakeTi nivTebis damzadebiT. rogorc pirveli farda, meorec, damzadebulia q-n nanas xeliT.

xeliT amoqarguli TviTeuli simbolika faradaze Tu danamat aqsesuarebze saguldgulod Sesrulebulia zusti gaTvliT. axali farda Zvel fardasTan SedarebiT Tavisi SinaarsiT ufro ganaxlebu-lia da Tematurad gamdidarebuli. fardis zeda Tavze amoqargulia diadema. mis qveS TeTr gvirgvinze gamosaxulia Svidfera cisartyela. mamebis abraamis, icxakis, iakobis saxelebi gamosaxulia Rrublebze. Rrublebs Soris ki asoebi `n~ da `j~ es asoebi aris fardis avtoris in-cialebi. zeda SuagulSi gamosaxulia moses aTi cneba,mis zeda nawils amSvenebs mamakacis kepi. kepi moqsovilia q-n nanas vaJebis-- aronis da arielis mier. egviptidan gamosvla da udabnoSi ormoci wlis yofna gamosaxulia marcxena da marjvena menorebis meSveobiT. menorebis sayrdeni fuZe emyareba xuTwigneuls. aTi mcnebis garSemo gamosaxu-lia daRupuli egviptelebi. aTi mcnebis marcxniv gamosaxulia mamali

farSevangi, marjvniv ki _ dedali farSevangi. farSevangebis frTebi amoqargulia makrameTi. fardis qveda nawils amSvenebs daviTis ori varskvlavi. maT SuagulSi gamosaxulia beT amikdaSis kedeli. fardis qveda nawils amSvenebs dedebis: saras, raxelis, rivkas, lias saxelebi. SabaTis pativiscema gamoxatulia sanTlis, marilis da xalis gamo-saxulebiT. amasTan erTad gamosaxulia eqvsas cameti madlis qmna da Tormeti Sto. ori Sto gamosaxulia mZivebis wkriviT. ar aris daviwye-buli mecamete Sto-Sebatini iakobis qaliSvili dina ,rogorc ojaxis Seqmnis da eris gamravlebis simbolo ,rac gamosaxulia ori beWdiT. ar aris daviwyebuli noaxic. fardis Zirs amSvenebs Tvlebi noaxis yurZ-nis gamosaxulebiT.

es yvelaferi moTavsebulia erT fardaze. romelic aqsesuarebTan erTad amSvenebs Tbilisis didi salocavis meore sarTuls. SekveTis damzadebisas q-n nanam Cado ara marto Tavisi Sroma, jafa, xelovneba aramed Tavisi guli, Toris codna.

batoni miSa kakiaSvili Tavis saCuqars afasebs, rogorc saSuale-bas _ mas surs yvelam SeigrZnos maTi mniSvneloba, daniSnuleba da saWiroeba yoveli CvenTaganis cxovrebaSi. mas agreTve surs biZgi misces momaval Taobas irwmunon, moses mcnebani, Toris pativiscema da adaT wesebis dacva.

TbilisSi, 1933 wels ebraul ojaxSi dabade-buli rafo mixeilis Ze aTanelovi ebraelo-bam kargad gaicno didi Tbilisis salocavis saqmianobaSi aqtiuri monawileobiT. rafo aTanelovis mama mixeil aTanelovi didi sama-mulo omis dawyebisTanave gawveuli iqna omSi. darCenil oTx mcirewlovan SvilTan erTad deda lia baCakaSvili marto umklavdeboda cxovrebis simZimes da zrdida oTx vaJiSvils. man SeZlo oTxive vaJi aRezarda ebrauli adaT-wesebis mixedviT. erTdroulad oTxive vaJi: Samili, Salva, rafo da abrami - alberti miabara Toris saswavleblad rabi yimanuel daviTaSvils. vaJebi guldasmiT swavlobdnen Toras da mTeli cxovreba cdilobdnen SeT-visebuli ebrauli sarwmunoebiT ecxovraT.maT hqondaT didi survili mTeli TavianTi cxovreba mieZRvnaT religiisaTvis, magram cxovrebam oTxive maTgani sxva mimarTulebiT waiyvana. 1944 wels sxva moswavlebTan erTad rafo aTanelovi boris ZnelaZis saxelobis pi-onerTa da moswavleTa respublikur sasaxle-Si mivida. qarTuli cekvebis Seswavla daiwyo anton CixlaZis jgufSi. 1945 wels didi samamu-lo omis dasrulebis Semdeg, Tbilisis operis da baletis TeatrSi Catarda saqarTvelos bavSTa xelovnebis olimpiada,romelSic sacekvavo jgufTan erTad miiRo monaw-ileoba.1946 wels gadavida qalaqis poli-ciis sammarTvelos bazaze arsebul mixeil kobeSaviZis qarTuli cekvis ansambl ,,mx-

edrulSi.~ ansambls axlda medudukeTa jgufi mixeil qsovrelis xelmZRvanelobiT. 1948 wlidan sacekvao kariera ganaGGGgrZo qa-rTl-kaxuri simReris saxelmwifo ansamblSi, romelsac xelmZRvanelobda saxelganTqmuli momRerali da lotbari mariam TarxniSvili. 1950 wels ansambli gastolebze gaemgzavra moskovSi. samwuxarod, ramdenime xnis Semdeg ansambli daixura. miuxedavad amisa, xelovne-baSi Seyvarebulma mocekvavem cekva ganagrZo amierkavkasiis samxedro olqis simReris da cekvis ansamblSi. fexis cerebze Sesrule-buli qarTuli cekvebis Semdeg arc Tu ise ioli iyo sxva xasiaTis cekvebis Seswavla da Sesruleba. amisTvis mas dasWirda sakmaod didi Sroma _ Seiswavala da Seasrula mso-flo xalxTa cekvebi: `gandagana~, `kazakuri~, somxuri, azerbajanuli, rusuli cekvebi. cekva `xmlebiT~ opera `gaianedan~ iyo sakma-od mZime, iTxovda TiTeuli ileTis moZrao-bis gaTvlas da Sesrulebas, iTxovda cekvis dros ansamblis sxva mocekvaveebTan erTad harmonias, radganac erTi arazusti moZrao-ba, erTi arazusti Sesruleba da SesaZlebe-li iqneboda ara marto mTeli cekvis CaSla, aramed partnioris xmliT dazianeba . bune-brivia, es yvelaferi iTxovda sakmaod did ZalasTan erTad did gonivrul mobilizacias erTad sacekvavo niWs da Sesabamis unars. cek-vis maRal profesiul ganviTarebas iTxovda iSviaTi sportuli cekva `fexburTi,~ sadac Seasrula fexburTelis cekva. unikaluri cekva `fexburTi~ dadgmuli iyo fexburTis TamaSis gaTvaliswinebiT. moicavda mocek-vave fexburTelebs, mocekvave msajs, may-ureblebs, safexburTo incindentsac, mili-cioners da eqimisac ki. cekva grZeldeboda 12

wuTis manZilze 16 kaciani dasiT. yovelives Semdeg sacekvavo kariera ganagrZo suxiS-vilebis ansamblSi. medoled daxvda elka Te-TruaSvili. 1956 wels miwveuli iyo kievSi ukrainis cekvis festivalze, mianiWes fes-tivalis laureatis wodeba. 1958 wlidan ki muSaoba ganagrZo saqarTvelos filarmoniis estradaze msaxiob-mocekvaved. gastrolebiT moiara mTeli sabWoTa kavSiri. 1965 wlidan sacekvavo gamocdilebas da codnas gadascem-da momdevno Taobebs. mTeli sacekvavo kari-eris manZilze da Semdegac man ar daiviwya Tavisi sarwmunoeba da religia. ar daiviwya da ar gawyvita bavSobidan Camoyalibebuli mWidro urTierToba salocavTan. axsovda, rom dReSi samjer unda eloca. ara marto TbilisSi yofnisas, aramed gastrolebis drosac, romel qalaqSic ar unda yofiliyo, yvelgan eZebda salocavs da iq asrulebda dRis Sesabamis locvas. 1959 wels dneprope-trovskSi gastrolebisas, diliT ewvia salo-cavs. iq daxvda xanSiSesuli mrevli, mrevli jer dafrTxa ucxo axalgazrdis danaxvisas, magram, roca moikiTxa Tora, ciciti da sxva salocavi aqsesuarebi, gauqraT yovelgvari kiTxva. auxsna, rom qarTveli ebraeloba bavSobidanve swavlobs, icavs da asrulebs yovel adaT-wess. am tradiciisaTvis arc ma-Sin uRalatnia, roca iyo damokidebuli da iyo Tavisufleba aRkveTili _ xeli ar aiRo Tavisi adaT-wesebis Sesrulebaze da SeZlo locvebTan erTad yvela wesis dacva aseve ga-dasca da Caunerga Tavis oTxive Svils. meuR-lis gardacvalebis Semdeg cdilobs sulieri Svela locvebis meSveobiT ipovos.

Tamar SavoSvili

rwmeniT Zlieri

saCuqari Tbilisis did salocavs

saqarTvelos ebrauli Temis yoveldRiuroba

3m e n o r aseqtemberi (eluli) №9, 2015 w.

_ mjera, rom gava saukuneebi da am adgilze qarTvelebi da ebraele-bi isev Seikribebian da isev izeimeben Cvens Zmobas da megobrobas,es sinagoga aRadgina Tqvenma megobarma batonma biZina ivaniSvilma. min-da didi madloba gadavuxado mas, romelic aris gamorCeuli megobari ebraeli xalxis. swored misi damsaxurebaa, rom am sami wlis ganmav-lobaSi gaZlierda Cvens Soris 26 saukunovani Zmoba da megobroba. misi damsaxurebaa is, rom Cveni moqalaqeebi uvizod mogzauroben israelSi da misi damsaxurebaa is, rom dRes aq Sekrebilebs mogveca saSualeba erTad vizeimoT onis sinagogis 120 wlisTavi.

onis sinagoga aris simbolo qarTvelebisa da ebraelebis Zmobis, Cveni 26 saukunovani megobrobis. minda es dRe mivuloco Cvens qarT-vel ebraelebs, romlebic wlebis win cxovrobdnen onSi da dRes aq arian CvenTan erTad. minda gansakuTrebiT mivesalmo israelis elCs saqarTveloSi, baton iuval fuqss. aq imyofebian mTavrobis da par-lamentis wevrebi. Cven TqvenTan erTad vzeimobT dRevandel dRes. onis sinagoga aSenda 120 wlis win qarTvelebis da ebraelebis xeliT. mivesalmebi israelidan Camosul qarTvel ebraelebs. TqvenTvis saqa-

rTvelo meore samSobloa, Tqven aq xarT stumrebic da maspinZlebic. amitom, mTeli siyvaruliT da pativiscemiT mo-gesalmebiT da gisurvebT mSvidobas, gi-survebT gaZlierebas.

* * *israelis elCma saqarTveloSi, iuval

fuqsma saqarTvelos mTavrobas da yo-fil premier–ministr biZina ivaniS-vils madloba gadauxada onis sinagogis restavraciisTvis. misi gancxadebiT, saqarTveloSi mdebare yvela sinago-gis, maT Soris 120 wliani onis sinago-gis aRdgena–restavracia swored biZina ivaniSvilis daxmarebiT moxda.

saqarTvelos premier-ministris b-n irakli RaribaSvilis sityva onis sinagogis 120 wlisTavis iubileze

xalxis xsovnam ZvelTaZveli leg-enda Semoinaxa: rodesac babilonis mrisxane mbrZanebelma nabuqodono-sorma ierusalimi daarbia da taZari solomonisa nangrevebad aqcia, taZ-ris qvebi Turme haerSi aiWra da mTel qveynierebaze daifanta. erT-erTi qva aqac dacemula, onSi, sadac im adg-ilze SemdgomSi didebuli sinagoga wamoimarTa solomonis taZris dan-greva ebraelTa istoriis avbediT xanas ganekuTvneba idga Jami siZul-vilisa da `qvaTa mimofantvisa~.

swored maSin Semoekedla iude-iadan ltolvili ebraeloba saqarT-velos, erTi nawili raWaSi, qveynis mTianeTSi damkvidrda, Tavisi niWiTa da muxlCauxreli garjiT, silaRiT daamtkica saqarTvelosa da israelis siyvaruli da erTguleba.

axali sinagogis agebamde, onel ebraelebs hqondaT mcire sididis salocavi Senoba, `patara locvis saxelwodebiT (`patara locva~, 1991 wlis 29 aprils momxdari miwisZvris dros daingra da misi aRdgena aRar momxdara). `patara locva~, mcire moculobis gamo, jamaaTs veRar ite-vda, ebraelTa Temma gadawyvita axa-li taZris ageba, sakuTari xarjebiT, kapiks kapikze debdnen, rom Canafiqri SeesrulebinaT.

onelma xaxam elia amSikaSvilma naxa saukeTeso arqiteqturiT nagebi po-lonel ebraelTa salocavi, Zalian moewona da ganizraxa Tavis mSobliur onSi aeSenebina. `sityvas saqme undao~ _ proeqti, Camoitana onSi da Tvi-Tonve iTava salocavis aSeneba.

salocavis asaSeneblad TeTri fiqali qva xar-kameCiT amohqondaT ambrolauris raionidan (qvaftkari-dan), daiqiraves berZeni qvis mTlele-bi da daiwyo sinagogis mSenebloba.

salocavis aSenebas mTeli onis ja-maaTi amoudga mxarSi, vin fizikuri SromiT. salocavis mSenebloba 1895 wels dasrulda da gauRo kari Tavis erTgul mrevls. aRsaniSnavia isic rom salocavi aSenda onis centrSi, romelsac mxari dauWira qarTvelma mosaxleobam.

saqarTveloSi 21 sinagogaa, maT So-ris silamaziTa da sididiT gamoirCe-va, sinagoga qalaq onSi, romelic mzis amosvlisas mtrediviT frTebsa Slis da miiltvis cisken, SuadRis xvatSi ki sulis moTqmis saSualebas aZlevs

ebraelTa cxovreba raWaSiana erisTavi

`ebraul-qarTuli urTierTobisaTvis albaT, didmniSvnelovani faqtia, is rom Cveni eklesiis pirveli wmindani swored ebraeli sidoniaa, romelic kvarTTan erTad daikrZala mcxeTaSi, rom mTe-li aTi saukunis ganmavlobaSi saqarTvelos bibliuri daviTisa da solomonis STamomavali bagrationTa dinastia marTavda, rom saqarTveloSia daculi uZvelesi ebrauli xelnaweri _ lailaSis biblia, rom qarTveli ebraelebi arian, SeiZleba iTqvas, yvelaze erTguli mimdevarni im wesebisa da tradiciebisa, romelic maT mose winaswarmetyvelma daudginaT~.

ilia II. uwmindesi da unetaresisaqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi

damaSvral mlocvels, xolo bindis Camodgomisas, varskvlavebTan sau-brobs da qnarze daviTis sagalob-lebs aJRerebs.

qviT naSeni salocavi uxvadaa moCuqurTme-buli. is mniSvnelovani arqiteqturul Zeglia _ saxuravi gumbaTovania, dasrulebulia mraval-qimiani varskvlaviT. Senoba aRmosavleTisken aris orientirebuli, vi-naidan mlocvelis saxe miqceuli unda yofiliyo ierusalimisaken. albaT, amiT aixsneba sinagogis aRmosavleTi mxaris mdi-dari CuqurTmebiT Sem-koba, vidre misi dasav-leTi mxarisa. salocavis Sida samxreTis kedeli moxata mxatvarma SoTa goSaZem.

salocavSi, mlocveli rabinis xma yvela kuTxe-Si Tanabrad gaismoda, salocavi 400-mde kacs itevda. fasa-dis Tavze moTavsebul marmarilos filaze, SemoklebiT aris gadmoce-muli moses aTi mcneba.

`1895 wels, sazeimod gaixsna onis sinagoga. aseTi xalxmravloba ons iSviaTad enaxa, movidnen stumrebi saqarTvelos yvela kuTxidan. gaxsnas eswrebodnen onSi mcxovrebi yvela erovnebis moqalaqeebi, salocavis ezoSi saerTo trapezi gaimarTa. sa-suliero da saero pirebma sazeimo si-tyvebi warmoTqves. sinagogis karebis gaxsnis ufleba did fasad gaiyida. waruSleli iyo `patara locvidan~, `did locvaSi~ Toris gragnilis ga-motana didi da patara mxiarulobda, iyo qeifi da drostareba.

rabinebis qadagebani da RaRadisi, magnitiviT izidavda mlocvelTa gu-lebs, salocavSi dgeboda naTloba, bar-micva, yvela is rituali rac ebrael xalxs uweriaT rjulSi.

ase iyo 1927 wlamde, magram mow-mendil caze mexis gavardnasaviT gaisma. sabWoTa mTavrobis brZaneba, eklesiebis ngrevis Sesaxeb, umowya-lod angrevdnen rogorc qristianul, aseve musulmanur da sxva xalxTa re-ligiur Zeglebs igive safrTxe dae-muqra onis ebraelTa sinagogas.

`xalxi Relavda, xalxi boboqrobda da Seikribnen saTaTbirod, gadawyda, jamaaTs TbilisSi, mTavrobis xelmZ-RvanelebTan gaegzavnaT mWevrmetyve-li kaci da jamaaTis saxeliT eTxova salocavis SenarCuneba. msoflio mniSvnelobis rabini, daviT baazovi. am unikaluri salocavis ngrevis wi-naaRmdeg gamovida. d, baazovis ini-ciativiT onidan _ TbilisSi, malu-lad gaigzavna ramdenime morwmune da brZeni ebraeli, xolo RamiT, rode-sac sinagogas dangrevas upirebdnen salocavis SigniT Caiketnen 30-mde meZuZuri qali, Cvili bavSvebiT, maTi gadawyvetileba uryevi iyo _ an daxociliyvnen salocavSi bavSvebTan

erTad, an daexsnaT salo-cavi ngreva-ganadgurebi-sagan. mTavrobam ukan daixia _ ver aRudga win, xalxis aseT Tavganwir-vas da Sewynarebis gzas daadga; xeli ver aRmarTa eklesiis winaaRmdeg. ase gadarCa im uRmerTobis dros ganadgurebas, es SesaniSnavi sinagoga.

sinagogaSi garda se-ferTorebisa, daculia sxva wignebi. sinagogaSi imarTeba ebrauli kalen-driT aRsaniSnavi yvela dResaswauli. sinagogis ezoSi ganlagebulia, religiuri samsaxuris Sesasruleblad gankuT-vnili mcire Senobebi, romlebic aSenebulia daviT baazovis onSi moR-vaweobis periodSi.

umZimesi mosagonebelia 1991 wlis 29 aprili, roca saSinelma miwisZvram mTeli raWa daangria, mTlianad daan-gria ebraelTa Zveli salocavi, xolo didi sinagoga saswaulebrivad ga-darCa. Tumc daangria karibWe, daskda kedlebi, CamoiSala baTqaSi, daingra salocavis galavani, salocavis sax-uravidan qvis oTxive stela mowyda da daimsxvra, dazianda saTavsoebi.

brwyinvale arqiteqtorma b. bos-tanaSvilma moawesriga salocavis karibWe da galavani.

sinagoga, Tavisi mSvenierebiTa da didebulebiT aRdga da 1995 wlis 17 seqtembers didi aRmavlobiT Catar-da sinagogis 100 wlisTavis iubile.

saiubileo zeimze dasaswrebad movidnen saqarTvelos prezidenti eduard SevardnaZe da sxva oficial-uri pirebi. uamravi stumari Camovida sazRvargareTidan: amerikis SeerTe-buli Statebidan, israelidan, ger-maniidan da sxva qveynebidan.

* * *gansakuTrebuli qalaqi iyo oni.

rodesac aq ebraelebi saxlobdnen, sicocxle da xalisi axlda maTs aq yofnas. es qalaqi samoTxis sadari iyo. saintereso iyo ebraelebTan urTierToba, rogor Sexmatkbileb-

ulebi vcxovrobdiT, erTgulebiTa da siyvaruliT, erTmaneTis lxinsa da Wirs viziarebdiT. feradi da mziT gajerebuli iyo qalaqi, zRapruli sanaxaoba gveSleboda Tvalwin, rode-sac ebrauli qorwilis mowmeni vxde-bodiT, (es iyo ulamazesi wlebi Cemi bavSvobisa), mxiaruli ferebiT da musikiT gajerebuli.

onSi ebraelTa dasaxlebas xeli Seuwyo qalaqis geografiulma mde-bareobam. oni raWis mniSvnelovani savaWro centri gaxldaT. aq ganviTa-rebuli iyo aReb-micemoba, Sinamrewv-eloba da xelosnoba.

onSi 100 wlis winaT cxovrobda 129 komlamde ebraeli, 80 komlamde qa-rTveli da 20 komlamde somexi. sul zemo raWis mosaxleoba Seadgenda 1255 kacs.

cxovrobdnen erTmaneTze midg-mul xis qoxmaxebsa da viwro Sukebsa da ubnebSi. fizikurad janmrTelebi, lamazebi da sxartebi, uaRresad mor-wmuneebi, Sromismoyvareni, mxiarul-ni, mSvidobianni da uRalatoebi, ga-wonasworebulni da patiosnebi. onSi ebraeloba mravali gvarisagan Sedge-boda: amSikaSvilebi, xaxiaSvilebi, SimSilaSvilebi, CaCaSvilebi, ta-tikiSvilebi, qosaSvilebi, qonaS-vilebi, yoyuaSvilebi, xetuaSvilebi, kikoSvilebi, gorelaSvilebi, beri-kaSvilebi, daviTaSvilebi, WanWalaS-vilebi, gagulaSvilebi, baazovebi, buzukaSvilebi, naniaSvilebi, bananaS-vilebi, betuaSvilebi, ToTiaSvilebi da sxvebi.

oni ganTqmuli iyo rabinebiTa da RvTis msaxurebiT: eliahu amSikaS-vili, daviT baazovi, eremia xaxiaS-vili, mixael SimSilaSvili, menaSe Ca-CaSvili, daniel SimSilaSvili, moSe xaxiaSvili, iomtob buzukaSvili, simona xitibaSvili, nafTali xaxiaS-vili, filxaz CaCaSvili, moSe buzu-kaSvili, eliahu xaxiaSvili, aharon CaCaSvili, yazaria SimSilaSvili, da-viT WanWalaSvili, xaxami yimanueli da sxvebi. mudmivi mlocveli, rabi-iankeli, romelic Toris kanonebs ar-Cevda da ganumartavda xalxs dinebs (kanonebs). rabi-xaxam eremia xaxiaS-vili _ gemaris didi mcodne da ka-balisti. igi siRaribis miuxedavad, erTTavad sul Toris kiTxvaSi aTen-aRamebda. xaxam irmiam religiuri ga-naTleba ierusalimSi miiRo. es kaci Tavisi religiuri codniT saqarT-veloSi yvelaze maRla idga, magram socialistur saxelmwifoSi Tavis codnas ver amzeurebda.

xaxami nafTali xaxiaSvili, _ am wuTisoflad Raribi, magram suli-erad umdidresi da zneobiT amaRleb-uli, igi ebraul enas aswavlida ja-maaTs, misi siyvaruli axalgazrdobas Zvalsa da rbilSi hqonda gamjdari. hqonda miwuri saxli, xis taxtze gada-farebuli Wilobi _ es taxti iyo misi avladideba. sakvirveli iyo riT ar-sebobda, Zalian uWirda, magram sul


uRimoda saxe, kmayofili iyo RmerTi-sa da arasodes dascdenia samduravi.

xaxami daniel SimSilaSvili _ ubraloebiT aRsavse, nafTalis ms-gavsad _ onel ebrael axalgazrdo-bas uangarod aswavlida Toris kiTx-vasa da ivriTs. didxans emsaxureboda onis jamaaTs Tavdadebulad da pati-osnad. hqonda SesaniSnavi ojaxi da Svilebic didi rwmeniT aRzarda.

xaxam menaSe CaCaSvili, bibliuri Sexedulebis, jansaRi sulierad da fizikurad, Toris uebro mcodne, sikvdilamde rwmenis erTguli, onis jamaaTis xsovnaSi darCa RvTis uan-garo msaxurad.

rabi-xaxam mixeil (RiRilo) SimSi-laSvili, _ maRali, patriarqaluri Sexedulebis, pir-mRimari pirovneba, SesaniSnavi Soxeti da mlocveli, ue-bro modaraSe. Tavisi Cinebuli xmiT atyvevebda da izidavda msmenelT. xaxam mixeili Rrmad moxucebuli tragikulad gardaicvala _ saav-tomobilo katastrofaSi. misi gar-dacvaleba cxare cremliT daitira mTelma jamaaTma.

`gaxsovT selixoTze misi Sofris dakvra,

ciskars agebebda eris gaSlil droSebs,

eris droSad sCanda, eris belads gavda,

Cveni siyvaruli _ Cveni xaxam moSe!~

_ es gulSiCamwvdomi leqsi uZRvna xaxam moSes poetma daniel xaxiaSvil-ma.

rabi xaxam _ moSe (miSiko) xaxiaS-vili _ kaci legenda, onis jamaaTis usayvarlesi rabi, mudam Toris gze-biT mosiarule, dauRalavi mSromeli, jamaaTis uangaro msaxuri, saocari xmis patroni, misi emociuri locvebi da dakruli Sofris xma JrJolvas hgvrida mTel jamaaTs. igi gaxldaT yvelas Wirisa da lxinis moziare. mis sityvas hqonda fasi da wona. mas dRe-sac udidesi siyvaruliT igoneben da aqeben. xaxam moSes ukvdavsayofad israelSi qalaq beer-SevaSi, onelma ebraelebma misi saxelobis salocavi aaSenes.

xaxam yimanuel xitibaSvili _ uaRresad morwmune da uRalato To-risa da xalxis msaxuri SesaniSnavi pirovneba da didi ojaxis patroni iyo. misi meuRle qalbatoni abela _ qmarTan erTad aswavlida Toras ja-maaTs.

xaxam eliau xaxiaSvili _ kaci legenda, ciceroniviT mWevrmetyve-li, RvTisa da xalxis didi msaxuri sazogado saqmisaTvis dabadebuli, xaxam eliau xaxiaSvilma, religiuri ganaTleba ieSibaSi did rabebTan mi-iRo, Semdeg ki swavla ganagrZo be-lorusiaSi _ qalaq minskSi ganswav-lul rabinebTan. dabrunda da onis jamaaTs Seesisxlxorca, SeuerTda rabinTa did pleadas. is marto reli-giis msaxuri ki ar iyo, kargi meurne adamianic gaxldaT. uyvarda Sroma Tavis mamulSi, romelsac Tvalis-CiniviT uvlida, sxlavda venaxs, Toxnida da wamlavda vazs, mohyavda simindi, lobio, Rvinos Zvirfass ay-enebda.

xaxam iomtob buzukaSvili, Torisa da jamaaTis didi msaxuri iyo, uw-mindesi sulieri samyaroTi, gamor-Ceuli garegnobiT, naTeli efina sax-eze, mSvidobiani da sibrZniT qebuli gaxldaT. kargi mcodne gemarisa da miSnis, jamaaTis uangaro msaxuri, gaWirvebulisa da davrdomilis didi Semwe da mfarveli. Zvirfasi mSrom-eli da kargi ojaxis ufrosi. misi Svilebi gamoirCevian sibrZniTa da mSvidobismyofelobiT.

xaxam israel buzukaSvili _ iom-tobis Zma, erTguli Torisa da ja-maaTisa, gawonasworebuli da dam-rigebeli Tavisi xalxisa.

onis jamaaTs, sxva rabinebic hy-avdaT, romelTa Soris gamorCeulia Rirseuli xaxami elia amSikaSvili, romelmac onel Rarib ebraelobas mecxramete saukunis bolo aTwleul-Si, auSena didebuli salocavi, ro-melic ara Tu saqarTveloSi, aramed mTel sabWoTa kavSirSi gamorCeuli gaxldaT da es salocavi mizezi imisa,

rom oni patara ierusalimad iwode-boda. ai is udidesi da uwmindesi dam-saxureba, rac xaxam elia amSikaSvils aqvs onis jamaaTis winaSe, RvTisa da eris winaSe saxsovari maradiuli.

rabi daviT baazovi _ masze leg-endebi dadis qveynidan qveyanaSi. igi iyo udidesi sazogado moRvawe. ga-naTlebuli, uaRresad kulturuli-uniWieresi adamiani: publicisti, istorikosi, mwerali, _ baazovebis ojaxis erT-erTi TvalsaCino war-momadgeneli. am ojaxma, saqarT-velos ebraelTa istoriaSi, qarTul-ebraul urTierTobaTa matianeSi, oqros asoebiT Cawera araerTi fur-celi, romelic maradiulad darCeba kacobriobis istoriaSi.

TanamedroveTa gadmocemiT, igi marto onel ebraelTa winamZRoli ki ar iyo, saxelmwifo moRvawe gaxldaT.

daviT baazovi iyo _ rabi mlocve-li da Tavisi eris Tavdadebuli ra-indi.

`Cven qarTveli ebraelebi imdenad varT SeerTebuli qarTvelebTan da ise SeTvisebuli maT mier rom, Cveni daSoreba qarTvelebisagan mxolod Tavis mtroba iqneboda, rac mimaCnia aucilebel saWiroebad saqarTvelos ebraelobisaTvis, imas vlaparakob qadagebaSi, imas vwer gazeTebSi... Ses-wavla ebrauli kulturisa, qarTuli literaturisa, xelovnebisa, mtkice kavSiri qarTvel xalxTan da maTTan erTad muSaoba, ai sagani Cemi qad-agebisa~ (gazeTi `samSoblo~, 191, #628).

daviT menaxemis Ze baazovi, sion-izmisaTvis cimbirSi gadaasaxles (1938-1945 w.) dabrunebas ki eRirsa, magram janmrTeloba Selaxuli, male gardaicvala _ 1947 wels.

istoriis mravalma qartexilma gadaiara qarTvelTa da ebraelTa Tavze, ar daklebiaT mterTagan Se-viwroeba, darbeva, ngreva da cecx-liTa da maxviliT gasworeba, magram erovnuli TviTmyofadobis SenarCu-nebisaTvis Tavganwiruli brZolis Jini yovelTvis hqondaT, maTi vaJka-curi suli ver modrika autanelma kirTebam, daaZmobila, daamegobra erTmaneTTan uzenaesma, gamoawrTo saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi, erTmane-Tisa esmiT da erTmaneTs pativisce-mas miageben azvirTebul msoflios, mRvrie dinebas ar uerTdeba maTi Ta-vankara siyvarulis wyaro, romelic ukvdav talRebad miedineba da si-yvarulis enaze gveCurCuleba.

saqarTvelos didi Svilebi esar-Clebodnen ebraelebs. dauviwyaria saba kldiaSvilis zneobrivi gmiroba, ebraelTa devnis winaaRmdeg misi ga-mosvla da mowamebrivi aRsasruli.

* * *onis sazogadoebaSi aRizardnen

doqtori daviT SimSilaSvili, poet-ebi Tina SimSilaSvili, Salva davi-TaSvili, daniel xaxiaSvili da sxvebi.

onSi cxovreba saintereso da mim-zidveli iyo, siyvaruli da Zmoba sufevda. momravlda ebraelTa wri-dan gamosuli inteligencia. Ses-aniSnavi eqimebi eamayeboda raWas, brwyinvale qirurgi (miSa) _ mixeil CaCaSvili, _ mTeli raWis imedi da gadamrCeni,`qveynis gadamrCens~ eZa-xdnen.

rogor gvenatrebiT Cveno megobre-bo, mezoblebo da Cemo Tanaklasele-bo: ioseb da daviT buzukaSvilebo, cico gagulaSvilo, manana da ruben xaxiaSvilebo, nunu qosaSvilo, guram SimSilaSvilo, margalita CaCaSvilo, aron, levan SimSilaSvilebo, Tina WanWalaSvilo, qeTevan xaxiaSvilo, _ israelis, madidebelo, _ mexot-bev (gagaxseneb, leqsebis rveuli rom vnaxeT, Senma Tanaklaselebma da gao-cebulebi viyaviT, imdeni leqsi, rom gqonda miZRvnili aRTqmuli miwisad-mi) Tqvendami Cveni siyvaruli maradi-ulia, aq, am madlianma miwam da zecam gSvaT da aq dairwa Tqveni akvani, aq SeiswavleT `deda ena~ da ametyveld-iT RvTaebriv enaze, romelsac ar iviwyebT da Svilmomavals aswavliT, aswavliT saqarTvelosa da israelis siyvaruls, ase axlobels, sanatrel-sa da sanukvars `guli misces, gu-lisaTvis, siyvaruli gzad da xidad~

_ araerTxel gagimeorebiaT ukvdavi SoTa rusTavelis aforizmi, `vefx-istyaosnidan~. mTeli samyaro xedavs da SeigrZnobs, Cveni erebis uRalato megobrobasa da siyvaruls, bedniere-bi varT, amayi varT, rom erTmaneTi gveimedeba, rom araferi gagviWirde-ba, rom mSvidoba daisadgurebs kacTa Soris. erTad yofnis sixaruli, ar mogviSalos gamCenma!

`gza damicaleT,ar gegonoT viRac laCari, viRac

mona, me movdivar iudeveli~.

onelebs eamayebaT rom gercel baazovi am qalaqSi daibada.

pirveldawyebiTi ganaTlebac aq miiRo. gerceli bevrs kiTxulobda, Tavisi mamis mdidar biblioTekaSi, pirvel xanebSi leqsebs werda, Targm-nida Zvel ebraulidan klasikosTa nawarmoebebs, Semdeg dramatuli nawarmoebebis Seqmna daiwyo.

g. baazovi mwvaved ganicdida xalx-is siRatakisa da umecrebis wyvdiads, socialuri da erovnuli Cagvris koS-mars, am wlebis mZime STabeWdileba safuZvlad daedo mwerlis mTel SemoqmedebiT moRvaweobas. gerce-lis leqsebi, werilebi da Targmanebi xSirad ibeWdeboda Jurnal-gazeTeb-Si (`galaktion tabiZis Jurnali~, `qa-rTuli mwerloba~). pirveli leqsebi gamoaqveyna quTaisis gazeT èbrael-Ta xmaSi~.

1924 wels misi iniciativiT daars-da qarTvel ebraelTa dramatuli dasi `kadima~.

gercel baazovi Semovida qarTuli literaturis istoriaSi da daimkvi-dra iq sapatio saxeli.

1931-32 wlebSi marjaniSvilis TeatrSi daidga misi piesa `munjebi alaparakdnen~, am piesiT qarTul TeatrSi pirvelad iqna warmodgeni-li qarTvel ebraelTa yofa-cxovre-ba, romlebic kolmeurneobaSi CabmiT fiqroben Tavi daaRwion siRaribesa da duxWir cxovrebas. damunjebuli Raribi ebraelebi alaparakdneno, gveubneba dramaturgi.

1931 wels gamodis g. baazovis moTxrobebi: `gelaTis quCis dasas-ruli~ (pirveli nawarmoebi qarTul sabWoTa literaturaSi saqarTvelos ebraelTa cxovrebidan) da `Sema-rias ukanaskneli sityva~. 1935 wels ki avtobiografiul trilogiad Cafiqrebuli romanis pirveli wigni `feTxaini~.

misi pirveli piesaa `dilleamar~ (1929), Semdeg daiwera piesebi `ganurCevlad pirovnebisa~, ìcka riJinaSvili~, tragedia `xagai~, piesa `Savi zRvis piras~.

1938 wels mTlianad amoglijes cxovrebidanac da mwerlobidanac. Seewira represiebs, Cveni epoqis Savb-nel periods. 1998 wels, rodesac saqarTvelom izeima ebraeli xalxis saqarTveloSi damkvidrebis 26 sau-kunovani iubile, q. onSi saxls, sadac cxovrobda da moRvaweobda, gamo-Cenili ebraeli sazogado moRvawe, rabini daviT baazovi da sadac daiba-da gamoCenili ebraeli mwerali ger-cel baazovi, gaukeTda memorialuri dafa. onSi, im quCas sadac gercelma bavSvobis wlebi gaatara, miniWebuli aqvs mwerlis saxeli.

mravali saintereso ebraeli cxovrobda onSi, Znelia romelimes gamorCeva, yvela Taviseburad mim-zidveli da ganumeorebeli iyo, erTi ram ki saerTo hqondaT: sibrZne, moT-mineba, mimtevebloba da mSvidobis-myofeloba.

poet Salva daviTaSvils, marT-lac ganu-meorebeli xibli hqonda. Cumi, uxmauro, zrdilobiani, Sromis-moyvare pirovneba iyo, saSualo skolis damTavrebis Semdeg, siRari-bis gamo swavla veRar gaagrZela, Tumca Zalian surda. lukma-puris mosapoveblad mRebavoba Seiswavla da binebs aremontebda. bevrs kiTxu-lobda, misi niWi da Sromismoyva-reoba gansacvifrebeli iyo. leqsebis wera adreul asakSi daiwyo, pirveli nawarmoebebi onisa da ambrolauris raionul gazeTebSi dabeWda, xSirad gamodioda sazogadoebis winaSe da

Tavis nawarmoebebs. dajildoebuli iyo didi musikaluri niWiT, es mis poezias ganumeorebel xibls aniWeb-da.

`dumili gana suyvelas esmis,gulTa morCili, saTuTi Zgera,dumili zogjer uTqmeli leqsi,da goliaTi zarebis JRera~.maSin, aTi wlis Tu viqnebodi, zaf-

xulis ardadegebi gvqonda, bavSvebs gvindoda, rom TamaSiTa da garTo-biT, guli gvejerebina, mezoblis ojaxi, sadac dedaqalaqidan iyvnen Camosuli bavSvebi, mezobelTan re-monts akeTebdnen, kedlebs Rebavdnen da alamazebdnen xelosnebi. am ojaxs firsakravi hqonda da xSirad gvas-meninebdnen musikalur nawarmoebebs. erTxel, rodesac bavSvebi SevxvdiT erTmaneTs, daTom gagvixmo da Cur-CuliT gviTxra _ bavSvebo, rom ico-deT, Cveni saxlis xelosani, _ `mali-ari~ _ ra ucnauri kacia, CavrTav Tu ara firsakravs da àve marias~ xmas gaigonebs, gaCerdeba, Cafiqrdeba, samuSaos Tavs anebebs, Tvalebi crem-lebiT aevseba, ginda daijereT, ginda ara, cremlebi RapaRupiT cvivao.

Zalian davinteresediT, gvklav-da bavSvuri cnobismoyvareoba da vfiqrobdiT, rodis movidoda is dro, rom yvelaferi Cveni TvaliT gvenaxa. es droc dadga, diliT, rodesac xelosani saqmes iwyebda, me-gobarTan mivediT. man ra Tqma unda, CarTo firsakravi da aJRerda ukv-davi àve maria~. `maliars~ Tvals ar vacilebdiT, saqmes Tavi daaneba, firsakravTan axlos Camojda, sevdi-ani, Cafiqrebuli, mwuxarebiT savse, bavSvebis iq yofnas veRarca grZnob-da, cremlebi saxes usvelebda, mowan-wkarebda da araamqveyniur qmnilebas hgavda. ... daaxloebiT aTi wlis Sem-deg, bedma erTmaneTs Segvaxvedra _ poeziis saRamoze gamacnes _ Sevxede Tu ara mivxvdi, rom es kaci, is ùcn-auri maliari~ iyo, àve mariaze~ rom tiroda. davmegobrdiT, Zalian kargi adamiani aRmoCnda, kargi poeti. Tavi-si wignis gamosvlasac moeswro, wigni `vedreba~ gamomcemloba `meranma~ dastamba, da didi mowonebac daimsax-ura mis leqsebSi igrZnoba qarTveli xalxis siyvaruli, pativiscema, erT-guleba da aRTqmuli mxaris, israe-lis didi siyvaruli.

saintereso iyo poetTan Sexvedra, raRac axali da saocari unda eambna SenTvis, mogvefereboda madliani sityviT da gagrZnobinebda, rom su-lierad amaRlebul adamianTan gqon-da saqme – ojaxic SesaniSnavi darCa Salva daviTaSvils, uerTgulesi meuRle qalbaton cico da qal-vaJi poeturi niWiT dajildovebuli lu-iza _ qalTamze, rogorc mama eZaxda. ganumeorebeli iyo Salvas megobroba qarTvelebTan, araerTi striqoni uZ-Rvna maT da poeturi sityviT gamox-ata erTguleba da siyvaruli, misi poeturi memkvidreoba original-uria, filosofiur-religiuri da saintereso.

ebraelebi ise spetakni da jansaRni iyvnen, rogorc maTi gamzrdeli bune-ba. Widaoba, cxenosnoba, curva, sir-bili, riktafela, saye-burTi sulsa da sxeuls akaJebda.

vin ar mouxiblavs qarTuli Widao-bis didostats daviT xaxiaSvils mis moqnilobas, simamacesa da did fizi-kur Zalas, misi ojaxi moWidaveTa samWedlo iyo. daviTis Zma simon xax-iaSvili, ufrosi vaJiSvili iaSa xax-iaSvili didi falavani, araerTxel gamarjvebuli saqarTvelos masSta-biT da 1978 wels iranSi gamarTul msoflio pirvelobaze. gamarjvebu-li, kargi moWidaveebi iyvnen: Saqro CaCaSvili, Salva amSikaSvili, iaSa CaCaSvili da sxvebi. iaSa xaxiaSvilis saxelobis Widaobis turniri, yovel weliwads tardeba qalaq onSi.

lamazi da laRi iyo kalaTbur-Teli daTo amSikaSvili (kakiliCi), es brge vaJkaci, ulamazesad TamaSobda da misi natyorcni burTi uzustesad vardeboda badeSi, udrood wasuli am qveynidan, tol-sworebs gamokle-buli da lamazi ojaxis damtovi, onma didxans iglova da vinc mas icnobda, aravin ar daiviwyebs.


kargi sportsmenebi iyvnen simon (qerqua) xaxiaSvili, Saqro CaCaSvili, moSe (kvencxebi) CaCaSvili, iluSa Ca-CaSvili, besik xaxiaSvili da sxvebi.

ar meguleba saqarTveloSi adami-ani, qarTveli, romelsac Tavisi me-gobari ebraeli ar enatrebodes.

JuJuna da ioska xaxiaSvilebis ojaxi gamorCeuli iyo raWaSi Tavisi didi istoriiTa da didi siyvaruliT. es adamianebi Zalian lamaz, keTil-ganwyobil garemos qmnidnen qalaqSi, ulamazesi SvilebiT. am ojaxTan me-gobroba da mezobloba sulierad gvamaRlebda. manana, Cemi Tanaklase-li iyo da misi mSoblebisgan didi siTbo da siyvaruli ergo yvela Cems megobars, vinaidan maT ojaxs ar vS-ordebodiT, bavSvebs ar gvbezrde-boda maTTan yofna, ojaxis wevrebad vTvlidiT Tavs, ar gvaklebdnen yu-radRebasa da zrunavdnen Cvenze. gana marto mananas TanaklaselebTan iyvnen keTilganwyobilni, mTli-anad samezoblos mimarT, gasaWirSi myofebs yovelTvis daxmarebis xels uwvdidnen. mananas ufrosi da meri, araCveulebrivi, ulamazesi qalbato-nia, marTalia is, Tanaklaseli ar iyo Cveni, magram yovelTvis megobrobda da gvmaspinZlobda siyvaruliT, is Zalian ganviTarebuli, nakiTxi, ge-movnebiani, daxvewili gogona iyo, werda: araCveulebriv novelebs, leqsebs, moTxrobebs, gvasmeninebda klasikur musikas, gvesaubreboda literaturaze, xelovnebaze da sulierad gvamdidrebda. Sromis-moyvareoba da codnisadmi swrafva gamoarCevda Tanatolebisagan, es Tvisebebi ganaviTara kidev ufro da warmatebulad moRvaweobs israelSi, msoflios acnobs saqarTvelosa da misi erT-erTi patara kuTxis _ raWis ambebs, mis xalxs da siyvaruls ner-gavs erebs Soris. misi reportaJebi, eTerSi gasuli umniSvnelovanesia. masze bevrs werdnen da araerT cno-bil pirovnebas uZRvnia misTvis leq-si da Canaxati, gamouxatavs Tayvanis-cema da siyvaruli.

erT-erTi daTo erisTavia, romelmac Tbili sityvebi uZRvna am umSvenieres qalbatons:

ùmkacres drosTan gagimarTavsficxeli omi,gamarjvebuli mSvenierebaexla zeimobs.SemivseT yanwilamazo qalo,da neba damrTeTgaTenebamde rom viqeifoT~.me, mananam da ramdenime Tanak-

laselma (lela beruCevma, manana kinwuraSvilma) gadavwyviteT, `vefx-istyaosnis~ kaligrafiuli nimuSi Segvesrulebina. meri, am saqmeSi Cveni gulSematkivari da mxardamWeri aR-moCnda. xelnaweri `vefxistyaosani~ gadaveciT usayvarles maswavlebels qalbaton Suqura jafariZes. meri da manana, araCveulebrivi kaligrafebi arian, saukeTesod swavlobdnen qar-Tul enasa da literaturas.

rodesac Camodis israelidan q-ni meri yvela qarTvelisaTvis sa-surveli da sapatio stumaria, mas sixaruli da bedniereba moaqvs. is yovelTvis imeorebs am sityvebs: `gaufrTxildiT am lamaz qveyanas, Cven da Tqven, saqarTvelos~.

saocrad guluxvi da stumarT-moyvare kaci iyo ioska xaxiaSvili, bednieri var, rom yvela tkbili, bavSvobisdroindeli mogoneba, mis ojaxs ukavSirdeba, aq, maTTan Sege-Zlo siaxle genaxa: wignis, Jurnal-gazeTebis da sxva saxiT. ioska xaxiaS-vilis ojaxze, Zalian bevri SeiZleba iTqvas: suliT mdidar adamianebze, sibrZniTa da siyvaruliT amaRleb-ulebze, Zmobis madideblebze.

qarTvelebi da ebraelebi erTad aSenebdnen qveyanas, madliani saqmiT, sityviT, mezoblobiTa da megobro-biT. rogor SeiZleboda ebraels, masxrad aegdo, daecina daCagru-lisTvis, gasaWirSi myofisaTvis. ufrTxildebodnen Rarib-Ratakebs, mfarvelobdnen da zrunavdnen, rom maT ar gasWirvebodaT, gadarCenili-yvnen.

Semoinaxa am miwam da zecam Tqveni

siyvaruli, ebraelo megobrebo, mis-andobrebo da qarTvelebis moyvar-ulno. erTi ulamazesi sityva rom gaqvT `dagenacvle~. saRvTo saqmec xom madliani sityvaa da madliani saqmis keTeba. ra madliani sityva mogidis Cemo suliko, rogor evlebi Tan yvelas, rogor eferebi onelebs, lukmas awodebT yvelas, ganurCev-lad rwmenisa, TqvenTvis mTavaria adamiani, misi daxmareba da gadarCena. adamianTa gadarCenasa da janmrT-elobas emsaxurebiT, meri eqimo, ram unda damaviwyos, Tqveni amagi, rode-sac avad gamixda deda, rogor damid-eqiT erTgulad, òRond gadaarCineT da roca saSualeba geqnebaT, maSin gadagvixadeT safasurio~. RmerTo! es ra sityvebi iyo, gulidan amosuli, alali da wrfeli. ara marto CemTvis giTqvamT, mTeli onis raionis mo-saxleobisaTvis gadamrCeneli _ Rv-Taebrivi sityvebi.

imdeni xarT, rom ver SevZleb yve-la CamovTvalo, vai Tu vinme gamom-rCes da guli daviwyvito, moxvediT da SeiyvareT Cveni qveyana, qarTul enas mSobliuri uwodeT, qarTul mi-was nakurTxi da gadamrCeneli, qarT-vel xalxs _ Zmebi, amitom geubnebiT, gmadlobT erTgulebisa da siyvaru-lisaTvis. `rac mtrobas dauqcevia, siyva-ruls uSenebiao~ _ ara erTxel giTqvamT.

poetma daniel xaxiaSvilma, wa-ruSleli kvali daaCnia, raWis kul-turul-sazogadoebriv cxovrebas. es iyo poeti, romelmac dauRalavad iRvawa qarTveli xalxi, raWa, _ misi mSobeli oni gaacno qveyanas, rogorc qalaqi Zmobisa da siyvarulisa.

is WeSmaritad saxalxo poeti iyo, xalxis cxovrebiTa da Wir-varamiT cocxlobda da cxovrobda, _ raWis kolorituli figura, siyvaruli da siTbo uxvad gaiRo, uyvarda mSob-liuri xalxi da efereboda, raWaSi Taobebi izrdebodnen misi poeturi sityvis madliT. man wrfeli guliT umRera, qarTveli da ebraeli xalxis urRvev megobrobas.

poetis gardacvalebam Zalian dagvwyvita guli, iqneb dadges is Jami Cvens cxovrebaSi, rom danielisa da Cemi megobari dali daraxveliZe da me, mivideT poetis saflavze da ra-Widan, _ kerZod, danielis ezodan dakrefili vardebi saflavze davaw-yoT da cremli davadinoT.

mqonda bedniereba misi umcrosi megobari vyofiliyavi, 60 wlisa da 70 wlis saiubileo saRamoebis wa-myvani. araerTxel gavumarTeT bib-lioTekaSi poeziis saRamoebi da wignis prezentaciebi, 1998 wlis se-qtemberSi ebraelTa saqarTveloSi damkvidrebis 26-saukunovani zeimis dReebSi, onis sinagogaSi gaimarTa poeziis dResaswauli, danielis wig-nis `saqarTvelodan israelamde~ _ prezentacia, romlis iniciatori me gaxldiT sabiblioTeko aqtivTan er-Tad.

rabini iomtob buzukaSvili, gamorCeuli iyo sibrZniTa da gon-ebiT, is gzas ukvalavda da sikeTiT moZRvravda, rogorc jamaaTs, aseve Tavis Svilebs. amitomac iyo axal-gazrda Taobis keTili mrCeveli da megobari misi qaliSvili TinaTini, profesiiT biblioTekari, yvelasaT-vis sayvareli adamiania: kolegebi-saTvis, mezo-blebisaTvis, onelebi-saTvis. ormoci wlis manZilze Tavdadebulad emsaxureboda. wignis propagandis saqmes, jer mozrdil mkiTxvelTa, Semdeg bavSvebis kul-turul-aRmzrdelobiT saqmes, didi avtoriteti daimkvidra rogorc raionSi, ise mis farglebs gareT. yovelTvis makvirvebs Tavisi sidin-jiT, moTminebiT, mimteve-blobiT, gawonasworebuli qmedebiT, rw-menisadmi simtkiciT wignier, morw-mune ojaxSi aRzrdils, mudam Tbili sityva moudis, mSvidobas usurvebs garSemomyofT, marTlac, etyoba, Tu rogori garemocva zrdida da ras Caagonebdnen naTelmosili mSoblebi.

saqarTvelos ukvdavebis wyaros uwodebs, Tvali da guli Cvensken aqvs, axarebs kolegebis kargad yofna da araerTxel anTebs salocavSi me-

gobrobisa da siyvarulis sanTlebs. megobrobis maradiuli grZnoba gva-sazrdoebs da momavals gvilamazebs.

darwmunebuli var, aTasobiT san-Teli inTeba, israelsa da saqarT-veloSi samSvidobod da sakeTil-dReod.

es didebuli qalbatoni, locavs saqarTvelos, sadac daibada, sadac misi akvani dairwa da sadac siyvaru-liT mzem gauTbo guli.

TinaTini, saxea brZeni ebraeli qa-lisa.

eqim mixeil CaCaSvilis Sesaxeb leg-endebi dadioda. mis madlian gonebasa da marjvenas uamravi adamiani gad-aurCenia, ar meguleba raWaSi ojaxi, rom am didebul adamians, uflisgan gamogzavnils, ar daeCnia kvali da maTi sicocxlis sadarajoze ara md-gariyo. aTenebda da aRamebda avad-myofis sarecelTan, profesiisadmi erTguleba, kacTmoyvareoba, pasux-ismgebloba, yvela saukeTeso ada-mianuri TvisebiT Semkul, qirurg mixeil CaCaSvils yvelaferi SeeZlo gaeRo avadmyofis gadasarCenad, rodesac is onSi cxovrobda da moR-vaweobda, mSvidad iyavi, radgan darwmunebuli iyavi, gadagarCenda gasaWirSi myofs, janmrTelobas Segi-narCunebda, gverdSi dagidgeboda, vin moTvlis, ramdeni adamiani daixs-na sikvdilis klanWebidan, ramden ui-medo avadmyofs imedi Causaxa. is iyo Terapevtic, eqTanic, profesoric da gadamrCenic. ra bednieri Rimili amSvenebda, rodesac gansacdels da-Zlevda pacienti da fexze dadgeboda. goliaTuri garegnobisa iyo, umaR-lesi gonierebiT. misi samedicino ga-mocdileba gansazogadoebuli iyo da iqneba dRes, rodesac aseTi uaxlesi teqnologiebis epoqaa da medicinis dargi aRmavlobas ganicdis, samedi-cino aparatura exmareba medikosebs, swori diagnozis dasmaSi, raTa avad-myofs umkurnalon uaxlesi prepa-ratebiT. am udidesma kacma siaxleebi danerga pacientebis mkurnalobisas da arasodes ar mosvlia Secdoma, im dros, rodesac yvelaferi damokide-buli iyo mxolod mis codnaze, ga-mocdilebaze. ukvdavi saxeli da-tova, am saxelovanma, Seudrekelma pirovnebam xalxis gulSi da onis erT-erT quCas mieniWa misi saxeli. arasodes ar iqneba daviwyebuli miSa eqimis Rvawli.

gabai ebraelTa salocavis gam-geobis Tavmjdomarea, romelic ga-nagebs salocavis yvela saqmianobas _ jamaaTan erTad niSnavs xazans (mlocvels), da Soxets (saqonlis damkvlels). yuradRebas aqcevs, ga-nagebs administraciul da sameur-neo saqmianobas. mis niWsa da unarzea damokidebuli salocavisa da jamaa-Tis religiuri saqmianoba, saloca-vis administraciuli saqmianobis garda, masve evaleba ebraelTa sasa-flaos dacva da wesrigSi moyvana.

sxvadasxva wlebSi am Tanamdebobe-bze muSaobdnen: mixako (iagoreenTi) amSikaSvili _ didi morwmune da ja-maaTis interesebis erTguli. euda SimSilaSvili, morwmune da didi or-ganizatori, romelmac komunisturi reJimis dros sasaflao oTxive kuTx-iT rkina-betonis galavniT Semosaz-Rvra. sinagoga Searemonta da axle-burad moaxatvina mxatvrebs.

gabai _ icxak (marjve) SimSilaSvi-li, jamaaTis erTguli da mSvidobiani kaci; qarTveli eris didi megobari. moSe-xaimi (RuRa) xaxiaSvili _ ja-maaTis erTguli da morwmune. mix-eil SimSilaSvili, is kacia, romlis drosac salocavi gaqurdes `sefer Torebisagan~, man Tavisi vaJkacobiTa da TavganwirviT daabruna naqurda-li sefer Torebi. gabai mixeil xaxiaS-vili, romlis moRvaweoba qarTvel da ebrael erTa Soris, megobrobisa da siyvarulis ganmtkicebaSi udidesia. misi Tavdauzogavi SromiTa da en-ergiiT miwisZvrisagan dazianebuli salocavi SekeTda da gamSvenierda. sinagogis grandiozuli 100 wlis iu-bile momzadda da Rirseulad aRin-iSna. msoflios yvela kuTxes miswvda xma, onSi mcxovrebi ebrauli Temisa, rom ebraelebi da qarTvelebi 26

saukunea megobrulad cxovroben, uyvarT erTmaneTi, erTmaneTze loc-vas aRavlendnen.

iyvnen sxva gabaiebic, maT Soris filxaz qosaSvili da sxv. maT mxarSi edgnen SamaSebi (Sida mosamsaxure fareSebi), romelTa saqmianoba mniS-vnelovania. SamaSebi iyvnen: abram bu-zukaSvili, ioxai xaxiaSvili, Simyon SimSilaSvili, biniamin SimSilaSvili, Salva CaCaSvili, daniel yoyuaSvili da sxvebi. isini dauzarelad uvlid-nen salocavs, _ asufTavebdnen, ezo-saTavsoebs awesrigebdnen, anTebdnen sanTlebs, darajobdnen salocavs, amzadebdnen yiduSs, krefdnen fa-sukebis fuls da sxv. madlian saqmes eweodnen.

gabai mixeil xaxiaSvili aris pirovneba, romelsac udidesi isto-riuli roli daekisra da brwyinva-led Seasrula uflisa da eris winaSe (vin warmoidgenda am dros, rom 1991 wlis miwisZvrisagan dazianebuli sa-locavi aseT doneze aRdgeboda. mis sanaxavad ki, msoflios yvela qvey-nis keTili nebis adamianebi daiZvre-bodnen, vin warmoidgenda msoflioSi unikaluri dResaswaulis ebraelTa sinagogis 100 wlisTavis gadaxdas, romelmac ase warmoaCina ebraelTa da qarTvelTa diadi megobroba-si-yvaruli.

mixeilis didi mondomebiTa da organizatoruli niWis wyalobiT Rirseulad aRiniSna sinagogis 100 wlisTavis iubile. sinagogis 110 wlisTavi da ager ukve 120 wlisTavi aRiniSneba. wlevandeli iubile Zal-zed mniSvnelovania, vinaidan ebrau-li Temis udidesi nawili wasulia saqarTvelodan, onSi mcxovrebi 10-12 ebraelisaTvis rTulia am sazeimo dRis maRal doneze Catareba, Tumca `gvirgvini~, Tavisi azrovnebis siR-rmiTa da mondomebiT yvelafers vaJkacurad da Rirseulad Seasru-lebs,

SemorCenil ebraelebs, sevda aqvT TvalebSi Camdgari, jamaaTis nakle-bobis gamo; TvalisCiniviT uvlian danatovar sulier da materialur saganZurs, mama-papaTa saflavebs da `locvas~, Cveuli sidinjiT daabi-jeben da erTmaneTs amxneveben (maT Soris Cvenac) vinaidan maTi aq yofna sasixarulocaa da mniSvnelovanic: cdiloben upovarebs lukma gauyon, sazrdo miawodon, ilocon da iSro-mon. maTTvis yvela adamiani mniS-vnelovania, radgan RvTis Svilia. sibrZniT Wvreten cxovrebas da Tavi-anT misias am wuTisofelSi.

saqarTvelodan wasulni, sikeTisa da Zmobis darajad dganan, ar iviwye-ben saqarTvelos, qarTvel ers, qar-Tul enas da momaval Taobas iakobis `dedaenas~ aswavlian, aswavlian qa-rTul cekvasa da simReras, mis kul-turasa da xelovnebas. ar qreba si-yvarulis sanTlebi, Tvalwin udgaT kavkasionis mTebiT Semojaruli patara qalaqi, or mdinares Soris: rionisa da jejors Soris moqceuli, ulamazesi xedebiT, romelmac akvani daurwiaT, ìavnana~ umReraT da daafrTianaT. saqarTveloze mogone-bebi tkbilia.

dResac Camesmis maTi tkbili xma, gansakuTrebiT erTi megobarisa: `dawere savedrebeli, romelsac aucileblad davtoveb godebis ke-delTan, yvelaferi rom keTilad Segisrulos ufalma~.

`vin varT qarTvelni,Tqven mainc iciT:vaJav da icxak,abram da Salom...eg siyvaruliqarTul miwisRmerTma nurasdros nu mogiSa-

loT!ebraelebo!...ero ZirZvelo!niWis kacebo,saqmis kacebo,yovelTvis davlevTqvens sadRegrZelos ZmobiT,cremlebiT da aRtacebiT!~


saqarTvelo-israelis biznespalatis or-ganizebiT, 8-9 seqtembers Tbiliss israelis delegacia ewveva.

isini TbilisSi adgilobriv partniorebs Sexvdebian, israelidan aseve Camova medi-ajgufi, romelic Tbilisis turistul po-tencials da mimdinare proeqtebs da progr-amebs gaecnoba.

saqarTvelo-israelis biznespalatis or-ganizebiTa da israelSi saqarTvelos sael-Cosa da qneseTis mxardaWeriT, 17-18 agvis-tos gaimarTa Tbilisis meris daviT narmanias oficialuri viziti israelSi.

qarTuli delegaciis SemadgenlobaSi iyvnen erovnuli sainvesticio saagentos xelmZRvaneli giorgi pertaia, Tbilisis me-warmeobis xelSewyobis centris xelmZRvane-li aleqsandre margiSvili, Tbilisis sakre-bulos urbanuli komisiis Tavmjdomare goCa babunaSvili da qarTveli biznesmenebi.

daviT narmaniam pirveli Sexvedra israelis Hi-tech-is warmomadgenlebTan gamarTa.

Tbilisis merma gamoTqva survili, israe-lis Hi-tech-is kompaniam investicia TbilisSic ganaxorcielos da xeli Seuwyos am sferos ganviTarebas saqarTveloSi. miRweuli Se-Tanxmebis Tanaxmad, israelis maRali teqnol-ogiebis sferos warmomadgenlebi qarTul mx-ares Hi-tech-is danergvaSi daexmarebian.

Tbilisis merma Semdegi Sexvedra ierusa-limis merTan, nir barkaTTan gamarTa. Sexve-dras eswrebodnen saqarTvelo-israelis bi-znespalatis prezidenti icik moSe, Tbilisis meriisa da sakrebulos warmomadgenlebi.

daviT narmaniam Tavis kolegas vizitis miznebi gaacno. misi TqmiT, am vizitisas gamoikveTa ramdenime prioriteti.

“Cemi viziti emsaxureba sam mimarTulebas: pirveli aris investiciis mozidva da konkre-tuli proeqtebis ganxorcieleba, meore, turizmis sferoSi TanamSromloba da mesame, maRali teqnologiebis ganviTarebis xelSew-yoba. dedaqalaqis kari Riaa investorebisT-vis, me piradad var garanti, rom xeli See-

wyoba proeqtebis ganxorcielebas. gverdSi davudgebi TiToeul investors”, – ganacxada daviT narmaniam. nir barkaTi Tbilisis sain-vesticio garemoTi, turizmiTa da samedici-no sferoTi dainteresda.

misi TqmiT, turizmis ganviTareba maTTvis erT-erTi prioritetuli sakiTxia. ierusa-limis meri daviT narmanias Zveli qalaqis gan-viTarebis gamocdilebis gaziarebas dapirda. amasTan, misi TqmiT, is daavalebs meriaSi ar-sebul turizmis samsaxurs, gamocdileba gau-ziaros Tbilisis merias.

merebis Sexvedris Semdeg, saqarTvelo-is-raelis biznespalatam qarTuli delegacia ebrael investorebs piradad Seaxvedra.

biznes forumi, romelsac eswreboda asamde israeleli, amerikidan da germaniidan Camo-suli ebraeli biznesmeni, saqarTvelo- israe-lis biznespalatis prezidentma, icik moSem gaxsna.

misi TqmiT, saqarTvelo- israelis urT-ierTobebSi dRevandeli forumi ierusalim-Si aris istoriuli movlena, romelic myar safuZvels daudebs saqarTvelo-israelis urTierTobebs.

„batono merebo, Tqveni monawileobiT, pirvelad daarsda pirdapiri saqmiani da profesionaluri kavSirebi. es faqti aranak-lebad mniSvnelovania biznesmenebisTvis, rom maT icodnen saqarTveloSi arsebuli gan-wyoba da interesi, rom es iyos pirdapiri ka-vSirebi, Suamavlebis gareSe, yvela doneze“, – ganacxada icik moSem.

man damswre sazogadoebas gaacno is bizne-sproeqtebi, romelTa ganxorcieleba uax-loes momavalSi daiwyeba.

„maSin, rodesac aRmosavleT evropaSi is-raeluri investiciebi gayinulia, minda war-mogidginoT ukve mza proeqtebi, romelTa ganxorcieleba israeluri investiciiT TbilisSi sul male daiwyeba. esenia: sast-umro „gergeTi“ – daiwyeba 9/2015 – mocu-loba 25 mln dolari; sastumro „Art Hotel“ – 9/2015 – 12 mln dolari; sastumro _ `butiki

“rusTaveli” – 9/2015 – 5 mln dolari; sast-umro apartamentebi – 12/2015 – 7 mln dolari sastumro da biznes centri – 12/2015 – 20 mln dolari; modernizebuli samrecxao – 9/2015 – 2.5 milioni dolari; Hi-tech-is pirveli israe-luri eqseleratori saqarTveloSi.

forumis monawileebs sityviT mimarTes ierusalimis merma nir barkaTma da Tbili-sis merma daviT narmaniam. saqarTvelosa da kerZod Tbilisis ekonomikuri potenciali-sa da biznes garemos Sesaxeb prezentacia gamarTes erovnuli sainvesticio saagentos xelmZRvanelma giorgi pertaiam da Tbilisis mewarmoebis xelSewyobis centris ufrosma aleqsandre margiSvilma.

sityviT gamosvlisas Tbilisis meri poten-ciur investorebs maTi investiciebis dacv-asa da xelSewyobas dapirda. biznesforumis dasrulebis Semdeg, Tbilisis merma Sexvedra gamarTa israelis qneseTis vice-spikerTan, saqarTvelosTan megobrobis jgufis Tavmj-domaresTan xilik barTan da mmarTveli par-tiis warmomadgenlebTan.

am Sexvedras saqarTvelo-israelis biznes palatis prezidenti icik moSec eswreboda. rogorc xilik barma aRniSna, israelis qne-seTis karebi Riaa saqarTvelosTvis, xolo megobrobis jgufi qarTvel kolegebTan sx-vadasxva sakiTxSi TanamSromlobis gaaqti-urebas apirebs.

Tavis mxriv, daviT narmaniam aRniSna, rom saqarTvelo is qveyanaa, sadac antisemitizmi ar arsebobs, qarTuli mxare ki yovelTvis mzadaa, mxari dauWiros israels. saqarTve-lo-israelis biznespalatis mier organize-buli vizitis meore dRes Tbilisis mers Tel-avivis universitetma umaspinZla, sadac daviT narmaniam akademiuri personalis wi-naSe waikiTxa sajaro leqcia TbilisSi mimdi-nare reformebze.

guardian.ge–s informacia

Tbilisis meri israelSi

70 wlis ioseb AaSkinazi erT-erTia im ebraelTagan, msoflios sazogadoebriobis mier araRiarebuli afxazeTis teritoriaze rom darCa.

Ddamoukidebeli afxazeTi msoflios TiTebze CamosaTvlelma saxelmwifom aRi-ara, maT Sorisaa ruseTi. saqarTvelo ki am mxares kvlav Tavisi teritoriis nawilad miiCnevs.1992-1993 wlebis eTnikuri kon-fliqtis Sedegad, es kuTxe 200 aTasze metma qarTvelma datova.amaT Soris bevri iyo ad-gilobrivi ebrauli Temis warmomadgeneli.amis miuxedavad, soxumSi inal ifas quCaze mainc moqmedebs sinagoga.rogorc ameri-kuli gamocema forvard-is mimomxilveli maqsim edvardsi aRniSnavs, 2004 wels soxu-mis ebrauli Temis saSualo asaki 72 weli gax-ldaT.Zneli warmosadgenia, rom mas Semdeg Temi gaaxalgazrdavda. 1989 wels afxazeTSi 13000 ebraeli cxovrobda dRes ki mTel re-spublikaSi 200 ebraeliRa Tu darCa.

1993 wels `soxnuTma~ bevri ebraeli or-ganizebulad gaiyvana israelSi, magram zogierTma ver miatova Tavisi saxl-kari. sainteresoa, rom ZiriTadad qarTve-li ebraelebi wavidnen, darCnen aSkenaze ebraelebi.

sinagoga naxevraddangreulia. qarTvelTa da afxazTa samxedro dapirispirebis wlebSi sinagoga Zalian dazianda. mis ezoSi iolad ipoviT mikves da macis sacxobs, romelic 50 welia uqmad dgas –aravis ar gamouyenebia.

afxazeTis ebraul Tems moskovis ieSivis kursdamTavrebuli _ 38 wlis igor Cerniaki xelmZRvanelobs, igia afxazeTis ebrauli kongresis prezidentic.SabaTis locvaze TxuTmetamde moxuci ebraeli Tu modis da samlocvelo darbazis mexuTedsRa avsebs.

_ afxazeTis ebrauli Temi ara-ra dis-

kriminacias ar ganicdis, afxazebma saerTod ar ician, Tu ra aris antisemitizmi. Tumca, qarTvel ebraelebs garkveuli problemebi hqondaT, magram es problemebi hqondaT ara imis gamo rom ebraelebi iyvnen, aramed imis gamo rom qarTvelebi iyvnen.

Ooradori saqvelmoqmedo ebrauli orga-nizacia, romelic afxazeTis ebraul Tems daxmarebas uwevs, gaxlavT saerTaSoriso hu-manitaruli fondis `joinTis~ rostovis gan-yofileba da soWis ebrauli Temi.

Aam araRiarebul respublikas israelis sagareo saqmeTa saministros oficialuri warmomadgeneli erTxel ewvia. es iyo2004 wels.am faqtma afxazeTis mosaxleoba dadebi-Tad ganawyo ebraelobisadmi.saqarTvelosa da somxeTSi israelis sagangebo da srulu-flebian elCs rivka qoens gulTbili sityve-biT mimarTes xelisuflebis warmomadgenleb-ma, ebrauli Temis liderebma.

ioseb aSkinazi edvards Zvel, gaxunebul fotoalboms uCvenebs fotoebze aRbeWdilia Temis cxovrebis mniSvnelovani movlenebi. Sav-TeTri, sabWoeTis droindel fotoebze asaxulia xruSCevisa da breJnevis droindeli afxazeTis ebraelTa gafurCqvnil- ayvavebu-li, cxovrebis dReebi. gafurCqvnil-ayvavebu-li, rasakvirvelia sabWoTa sazomebiT.

`Cven moxarulni gaxldiT gavcnobodiT soxumis ebraelobas, gansakuTrebiT axal-gazrdobas.gagvaxara iman,rom aq ebraelebs saSualeba eZlevaT SeinarCunon Tavisi re-ligiisadmi erTguleba.gvinda, adgilobrivi ebrauli Temis cxovrebaSi yvelaferi kargad iyos~. 1970 wels inglisur enaze aseTi Canaweri gaukeTebiaT saTemo albomSi amerikel tur-istebs: jonaTan bernSteins, joi zilbers, da Mmiriam vainbergs.

Ddiax, dRes soxumis ebraelebs kargi dari,

marTlac, ar udgaT. magram rogorc iosif aSkinazi ambobs, maTi davizia fazil iskan-deris sityvebi. iskanderi, marTalia, rusu-lad wers, magram afxazTa erovnuli xasiaTis WeSmarit gamomxatvelad iTvleba: `imisaT-vis rom namdvil iumors flobde, ukidures pesimizmamde unda mixvide.unda Caixedo usasoo usasrulobaSi, darwmunde, rom iq araferi ar aris da auCqareblad gamobrunde ukan. ai, am ukan mobrunebis gzis mier datove-buli kvali iqneba namdvili iumori~

masala moamzada robert bergma http //.www.jewish.ru

afxazeTis ebraeloba — miviwyebuli Temi


ras vkiTxulobT

am kviraSi?

rabinis kuTxe

ariel levini

rabi ariel levini rabi cvi vasermanis statiis mixedviT

roS haSana unikaluri dResaswaulia, radganac xa-siaTdeba ara imiT, Tu ras vRebulobT misgan, aramed imiT, rom Tu ras gavcemT. yoveli “iom tov” (kargi dRe – dResaswauli) isea koncentrirebuli, rom gviboZos raime saCuqari, Camoayalibos CvenSi raime naTeli azri an SegrZneba. magaliTad, fesaxi gvaZlevs egviptidan gamosvlis unars. eEgvipte xom ara marto fizikuri ze-wolis simboloa. is aris faraonis mier gamoxatuli azrovnebis saxeobis simbolo. faraoni iyo filoso-fiis “Zala Cemi da Cemi xelebis siZliere” (rac dRei-saTvis gamoTqmis “Zala yovelTvis amarTlebs” eqviv-alentia) warmomadgeneli. Amitom fesaxi gvaswavlis “ieciaT micraim”-s, anu aseTi saxis azrovnebis mar-wuxebidan ganTavisuflebas.

da ras vRebulobT roS haSanaSi?qmnadobis saboloo mizani gam-nis gamefebaa: “da ma-

Sin gam-ni gaxdeba mTeli samyaros mefe” – warmovsTq-vamT roS haSanis locvebSi. roS haSana gam-nis korona-ciis droa: “warmosTqvi Cems winaSe gamefebis faraSebi (malxioT), raTa maqcio mefed sakuTari Tavisa”.

ratom gvTxovs gam-ni mis gamefebas?ra Tqma unda, gam-nis raoba ar gamoixateba imaSi, rom

masze SevZloT adamianuri egoizmisa da sisusteebis gadatana; mas ar sWirdeba iyos mefe sakuTari Tavisa. maS, raSia misi samefo tituliT dajildovebis azri?

gam-ns yvelafris gakeTeba SeuZlia. Tumca, man ise Seqmna es samyaro, rom “ar SeuZlia” miiRos mxolod erTi sasurveli ram adamianis Carevis gareSe – “ar SeuZlia” gaamefos sakuTari Tavi.

terminma “mefe” dReisaTvis dakarga Tavisi pirvan-deli mniSvneloba. mefe diqtatori araa. diqtator-ebi imorCileben xalxebsa da erebs, magram ar SeiZleba imis Tqma, rom isini mefoben, radganac xalxi sakuTari nebis gareSe emorCileba maT. sadam xuseini ar iyo kuveitis mbrZanebeli, radganac misi armia SeiWra am qveyanaSi da Tavs moaxvia sakuTari kanonebi. sityvis “mefe” Tavdapirveli mniSvnelobaa mmarTveli, ro-melic misma qveSemrdomebma cnes, aRiares. “ar arse-bobs mmarTveli qveSemrdomTa gareSe. radganac gam-nma adamiani arCevanis TavisuflebiT daajildova, erTis mxriv samyaro sakuTari siZlieriT, Zalaufle-biT aavso, xolo meores mxriv – garkveulwilad Se-qmna imis iluzia, rom bunebis kanonebi misi nebisagan damoukideblad moqmedeben. esaa misi sidiade – erT-droulad dafarulica da aSkarac adamians aZlevs nebis Tavisuflebis gamoxatvis saSualebas; is aZlevs imis saSualebas, rom airCios: an Cawvdes siRrmeebs gam-nis sidiadis wvdomisas, an motyuvdes imiT, rasac zedapirze xedavs. mxolod mis qveSemrdomTa arCeva-nis Tavisuflebis wyalobiT, maTa Tavisufali arCeva-nis meSveobiT SriZleba gaxde mmarTveli am sityvis WeSmariti mniSvnelobiT. Swored am mizeziT Seqmna gam-nma samyaro, romelSic is “TiTqosda” elodeba, rom Tavisufali nebiT aRWurvili adamiani mas gvir-gvins daadgams.

da, ra SegviZlia mivaniWoT Cven gam-ns roS haSanaSi? samefo Rirseba.

vaniWebT ra gam-ns mefis wodebas, Cven, udavod, vi-RebT imdenives (Tu mets ara), rasac nebismieri ramis miRebis SemTxvevaSi. Bolos da bolos, sxvadasxva sax-is totalitaluri reJimis arseboba ufro da ufro gvimtkicebs imas, Tu rogor gvWirdeba gam-nis koro-nacia. Asevea individualur donezec – fsiqologebi, sazobadoebrivi informaciis saSualebebi, Cvens mier

gamogonili gegmebi ufro da ufro gvarw-muneben imaSi, Tu rogori SezRudulebi varT Cvens keTildReobaze raime gavlenis moxde-naSi. sayovelTao da piradi istoria gvimt-kicebs, rom adamians ar seuZlia warmatebu-ladmarTos sakuTari Tavi. Mxolod Semoqmedis batonobisa da nebisadmi damorCilebiT Segvi-Zlia gvqondes sulis Tavisuflebis SeZenis imedi. ar arsebobs sxva mmarTveli gam-nis garda. da, sxva aravin, Cvens garda, ar Rebu-lobs mogebas misi didsulovnebisagan, mamo-brivi gamovlinebebisagan.

konkretulad raSia gam-nisadmi samefo Rirsebebis miniWebis arsi? misi koronaciis arsi? imaSi, rom Cven vaRiarebT mis Tandas-wrebas Cveni cxovrebis yvela sferoSi, gamov-linebaSi. dDa Tu amas Rrmad da gagebiT gava-keTebT, maSin, saboloo jamSi, es aRiareba gardaqmnis da ganaaxlebs Cvens qmedebebs. es ki niSnavs imas, rom vaqcioT gam-nis survile-bi Cvens survilebad.

es Zalze rTuli amocanaa. umecreba, sizarmace, fizikuri survilebi da ego xSirad gviSlis davinaxoT da gavakeToT is,

rac CvenTvis namdvili sikeTea. amitomac gvakurTxa gam-nma dRiT, romelic eqskluzi-urad mxolod am mizans emsaxureba – roS haSa-niT.

ra Tqma unda, msgavsi samuSao mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi unda grZeldebodes. roS haSana mxolod gansazRvruli droa, rodesac koro-nacias gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba eniWeba imis gagebisa da imediT, rom is mogvcems gam-nis siZlieris aRiarebis energias Cvens yvela saqmianobaSi mTeli wlis manZilze. TumcaRa, swored am dRes gveZleva gansakuTrebuli saSualeba imisa, rom SevuerTdeT da koncen-tracia movaxdinoT gam-nisaTvis im erTad-erTi ramis gadacemaze, rac mas sWirdeba – misi mbrZanelobisadmi Cveni erTgulebis gadacemaze.

gilocavT axali wlis, axali SesaZleblo-bebis dadgomas. yovel ebraul ojaxSi da mTels samyaroSi mas mxolod sikeTe, sixa-ruli, siyvaruli, gamravleba da bedniereba moetanos.

leSana tova TiqaTemu veTixaTemu.

roS

haSana


u m S v e n i e r e s i buneba, Semoja-ruli mTebi, wi-wovani tyeebi. ba-kurianSi ai, aseT ulamazes adg-ilze mdebareobs sastumro ,,Tria-leTi~, romelSic 2-11 seqtembers 60-ze meti bavSvi isvenebda, erTo-boda da swavlob-da.aq muSaobda ebraeli mozard-

ebis banaki ,,SoraSim~ _ kavkasia — 2015~.amasTan dakavSirebiT gvesaubreba bana-

kis xelmZRvaneli, pedagogiur mecniereba-Ta doqtori Nnatalia bakulina:

_ rasakvirvelia, mozardTa garToba-das-veneba Zalian kargia, magram banaki mxolod amisTvis ar gamarTula. mTavari mainc mo-zardTa erovnuli identifikaciis gaZliere-baa. Aam mizniT bavSvebs vacnobT ebraeli xalx-is istorias, tradiciebs.gansakuTrebul aqcents vakeTebT kavkasiis regionis da is-raelis ebraelobis tradiciebsa da zne-Cveulebebze. yvelaferma aman mozardebSi unda gamoavlinos da ganaviTaros lideris, polikulturul sazogadoebriobaSi tole-rentuli Cvevebi.

_ vin daafinansa es keTilSobiluri wamowyeba?

_ bakurianSi banaks ,,SoraSim~ meoTxed vatarebT. wels, iseve, rogorc wina wlebSi, ,,SoraSim — kavkasia _ 2015~daafinansa bri-tanulma saqvelmoqmedo fondma ,,Caritiz eid faundeiSnma~, evraziis ebraelTa kongresma, sazogado moRvaweebma, warmatebulma mewar-meebma da mecenatebma daviT iakobaSvilma, mark Sabadma, mozardTa mSoblebmac gaiRes minimaluri Tanxa. Bbanakis normaluri muSao-bisaTvis Cinebuli samuSao gaswies evraziis ebraelTa kongresis kievis ofisis, ukrainis ebrauli organizaciebisa da Temebis asocia-ciis, q. Tbilisis kulturul-saganmanaTleb-lo fondis ,,bavSvTa iniciativa~ moxaliseee-bma, ebraulma saagentom ,,soxnuTma~.

_ romeli qveynis mozardebi arian banakSi warmodgenili?

_ Bbakurianis banakSi Seikribnen saqarT-velos ukrainis, israelis mozardebi. 2015 wlis banakis konceptualuri Tema gaxda ,,ga-mosvla~. Ees Tema banakis muSaobis yoveldRi-uri Tanamdevi iyo da avlenda am problemis mravalmxrivobas — rogorc sazogados, erovnuls, aseve pirovnuls. Aam Temis arsi warmoCindeboda sxvadasxva, ukve aprobire-buli pedagogiuri meTodebiT.amasTan er-

ivnisi (sivani), #12 2008 w.8

redaqtori

guram baTiaSvili

registrirebulia

q. Tbilisis mTawmindis

raionis sasamarTlos

mier.

registraciis # 4/1-921

damfuZnebelni da

gamomcemelni:

guram baTiaSvili, kote abaSiZe

Tbilisi, leoniZis 11a, vaxtang VI q. #30

telefonebi: 99.90.96, 77.20.57

gazeT `menoras~ redaqcia

TanagrZnobas ucxadebs aSdodis municipalitetis

wevrs moSe boTeraSvils

dedis

gardacvalebis gamo

manana jinjixaSvili qu Tais-Si daibada. aq daamTavra saSualo skola, musikaluri saswavlebeli, Semdeg quTai-sis saxelmwifo pedagogi-uri in stituti (amJamad akaki we reTlis saxelmwifo uni-versiteti) qarTuli enisa da literaturis specialobiT; muSaobda musikis maswavleblad, Jurnalistad, lado mesxiSvilis saxelobis quTaisis akademiur TeatrSi saliteraturo nawilis gamged. amJamad cxovrobs niu-iorkSi ojaxTan erTad.

rodesac manana jinjixaS-vilze daviwye wera, moulod-nelad aRmovaCine, rom Cveni megobrobis ufro xangrZlivi nawili ukve amerikul peri-odze, mis emigrantul cxovre-basa da Cvens satelefono Tu epistolarul urTierTo-baze modis, ufro naklebi ki saqarTvelos studentobisa da megobrobis im wlebze, roca yoveldRe, an TiTqmis yovel-dRe vxvdebodiT erTmaneTs. mas Semdeg bevrma welma gan-vlo, rTulma da winaaRmde-gobebiT aRsavse mTelma epo-qam. saukune Seicvala, rogorc pirdapiri ise gadataniTi mniSvnelobiT. mananam ufro mSvidi, Tumca ukve afori-aqebuli saqarTvelo datova, romelic jer kidev sabWoTa kavSiris sivrceSi imyofeboda. igi Cvenze utyuarad grZnobda, ukeTesad xedavda im safrTxes, Cven rom jiutad ar vusworeb-diT Tvals. ar gveSinoda, rad-gan horizontze saqarTvelos damoukidebloba Canda. ase iyo cxra aprilis wina dReebSi. manana rekavda, swuxda, hqonda didi saSiSroebis molodini. maxsovs misi fraza: òRondac axla gadarCeT,~ rac maSin gaz-viadebuli meCvena.

amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi wasvlisas mananas guli wydeboda, rom aq toveb-da sayvarel saqmes, Tumca arc iq uZebnia axali profesia. samagierod Tavisi cnobiere-biT erTi wuTiTac ar daSore-

bia saqarTvelos. CemTvis dRes Znelia mananas vaSingtonSi àmerikis xmis~ qarTul redaq-ciaSi saqmianobis Sefaseba, magram, albaT, es periodi mis cxovrebaSi umniSvnelovanesi iyo. axal realobasTan Segueba, gansxvavebul ekonomikur da politikur sistemaSi, Tanac maRalkonkurentul garemoSi adaptireba, inglisuri enis kargad daufleba _ erTbaS-ad ramdenime fsiqologiuri barieris gadalaxva, bunebriv-ia, ioli ar iqneboda.

manana wlebis ganmavlobaSi iyo gaeroSi àmerikis xmis~ akreditebuli Jurnalisti. iyo avtori mravali sain-tereso da saWirboroto reportaJisa. mis mier lit-eraturisa Tu xelovnebis sxva sferoebSi momzadebuli gad-acemebi ki yovelTvis gamoir-Ceoda siRrmiT, mravali plan-iT, rac sxvadasxva rakursSi aCvenebda im procesebs ameri-kis kulturul cxovrebaSi rom mimdinareobda. igi swored am sivrceSi qmnida Semoqmedi qarTvelebis portretebs da ufro TvalsaCinos xdida CvenTvis maTs warmatebebs. vfiqrob, manana jinjixaSvilis programebi gamorCeul xibls, individualur xelweras ani-Webda amerikis xmis qarTul gadacemebs.

saqarTvelos saxelmwi-foebrivma damoukideblobam Zalze saamayo realoba moita-na. amerikis universitetebis (kolumbiis, indianas...) stu-dentebs (da ara marto maT) SesaZlebloba aqvT ucxo enad qarTuli airCion. manana maT aswavlis. bevri maTgani imyo-feboda kidec saqarTveloSi. TiToeulma, bunebrivia, aq Tavisi qarTuli enis maswav-leblis sulis nawili gamoi-yola, misi TvaliT Sexeda Cvens qveyanas, me vici, ra rudunebiT ekideba igi am mniSvnelovan saqmes, ra did pasuxismge-blobasTan, rTul SromasTan aris dakavSirebuli es yove-

live. mza meTodika sakmaod mwiria, sakuTari gamocdileba ki wlebs moaqvs da igi mananas ukve sakmaod daugrovda. man SeZlo garedan Seexeda qarTu-li enisaTvis. sxvaTaTvis eswavlebina ara mxolod gra-matikuli kategoriebi, aramed ena, rogorc eris sulieri samyaros gamanivTebeli. axla manana fiqrobs (zrunavs kidec) Seqmnas da saqarTvelo-Si gadaiRos qarTuli enis videokursi, romelSic Tavs moiyris qarTvelebis saubrebi ojaxSi, sazogadoebaSi, quCa-Si, sufrasTan, Caiweros bune-brivi dialogebi kargi qarTu-liT molaparake adamianebTan erTad, rasac, eWvi ar mepareba, aucileblad ganaxorcielebs, Tu sponsori moiZebna, albaT, ufro malec.

manana jinjixaSvili, rogorc mwerali jemal qiria ambobs masze, kargi ebraeli da kargi qarTvelia. igi qarTul saqmes akeTebs. profesionali filologia. misi pedagogi-uri saqmianoba, samwuxarod, ufro metad sxvaTa arCevan-zea damokidebuli, vidre mis aqtivobaze. sakmaod moSore-biT Cevngan man SeZlo Tavisi qarTuli samyaro Seeqmna. axla rusulenovan radioSi gaaCi-na qarTuli niSa. aq mihyavs qarTuli gadacemebi, rasac usasyidlod akeTebs.

aqac gulRia maspinZeli da sxvaTa gulSematkivari amer-ikaSic aseve agrZelebs cxovre-bas. misi saxlis kari mudam Riaa stumrebisaTvis, mudam mzad aris daxmarebisTvis.

TiTqmis 18 welia, rac manana jinjixaSvili wavida quTaisidan, magram erTi dRi-Tac ar daSorebia qarTul sityvas, qarTvel megobrebs, qarTul mwerlobas da xelov-nebas, qveyanas, sadac dai-bada, gaizarda, Camoyalibda rogorc pirovneba, romelT-anac uamravi kargi mogoneba da tkivilic akavSirebs da rom-lis didi qomagicaa.

qarTuli saqmis sakeTeblad amerikaSi

rCeuli leqsebiisraelSi gamoica

io seb krixelis rCeu-

li leqsebis krebuli

`saqarTvelos israelidan

siyvaruliT~. krebulSi

Sesulia 75 wlis ioseb

krixelis mier Seqmnili

leqsebi. es krebuli iwye-

ba leqsiT `sadRegrZelo.~

wigni gamoica ̀ amuTa efSar

axereT~-2000 daxmarebiT.

wignis winasityvaobis

avtoria mira wiwuaSvili.

wigns win uZRvis avto-

ris Sesavali werili.

me saqarTvelos

sadRegrZelo

davlio minda,

mitom ki ara,

movafrqvio

yalbi dideba,

me saqarTvelos

sadREegrZelos

vsvam im SegrZnebiT,

rom saqarTvelos

gamarjveba

naRdad Wirdeba.

saqarTvelos ebraelobis fotoistoria

onis 114 wlis beiT qneseTi

meuRle nana xubelaSvili, Svilebi: Wiko, Tamuna fiCxaZeebi, sidedri eTer mixelaSvili, ia, maia xubelaSvilebi, emzar eligulaSvili,

merab kobaxiZe iuwyebiandaTo fiCxaZisgardacvalebas.

robert, Tengiz, lera mixelaSvilebi, fima kacobaSvili, ciala, guram baTiaSvilebi iuwyebian

daTo fiCxaZisgardacvalebas da TanaugrZniben

gansvenebulis ojaxs,


redaqtori

guram baTiaSvili

registrirebulia


raionis sasamarTlos

mier.


damfuZnebelni da

gamomcemelni:



telefonebi: 99.90.96, 77.20.57




dedis

gardacvalebis gamo














li leqsebis krebuli













me saqarTvelos

sadRegrZelo

davlio minda,

mitom ki ara,

movafrqvio

yalbi dideba,

me saqarTvelos

sadREegrZelos


rom saqarTvelos

gamarjveba

naRdad Wirdeba.








ISSN 1987-8982 UAC 070 411.16m-557


redaqtori

guram baTiaSvili

registrirebulia


raionis sasamarTlos

mier.


damfuZnebelni da

gamomcemelni:



telefonebi: 99.90.96, 77.20.57




dedis

gardacvalebis gamo














li leqsebis krebuli













me saqarTvelos

sadRegrZelo

davlio minda,

mitom ki ara,

movafrqvio

yalbi dideba,

me saqarTvelos

sadREegrZelos


rom saqarTvelos

gamarjveba

naRdad Wirdeba.








299.90.96, 277.20.57

siduri bavSvebisaTvis qarTul enaze naxate-biT, istoriebiT da saintereso faqtebiT – metad saWiro wignia, romelsac karga xania eloda saqa-rTvelos ebraeloba. wignis mizani bavSvebSi gaaR-viZos mSobliuri xalxis, misi tradiciebis siyvar-uli, siyvaruli Torisa. am bolo xanebSi araerTi gamocema vixileT qarTul enaze, magram yvela es ufrosebisaTvis iyo gankuTvnili. sabavSvo wignebs, mogexsenebaT, Tavisi specifika gaaCnia, gansa-kuTrebiT iseTebs, rogoric siduria. saerTod, siduris, xumaSis, miSnis Targmanebi bavSvebisTvis uzarmazar Zalisxmevas moiTxovs – unda SegeZlos bavSvuri faqizi sulis SegrZneba da, albaT, gulSi

bavSvadac unda grZnobde Tavs. wigni, locvebis garda, moicavs ebrauli cxovrebis wesebs da ebraeli gmirebis istoriebs.

wigni ukve didi popularobiT sargeblobs Tbilisis ebraul skoleb-sa da sabavSvo baRebSi, sapatio adgili daimkvidra patarebis sayvarel wignebs Soris. wignis avtori da gamomcemeli gaxlavT aharon janaSvili. xazgasmiTaa aRsaniSnavi yvelas damsaxureba, vinc monawileoba miiRo, raTa naSroms dRis Suqi exila. haSemi miexmaroT maT yovel sasikeTo saqmeSi.

òlami saqarTvelos~ mxardaWeriT gamovida SesaniSnavi wigni qarTu-lenovani mkiTxvelisTvis, rabi moSe pantelatis „qaSruTis gzamkvlevi“–s mixedviT.

mogvexseneba, rom qaSeri samzareu-lo Cveni eris erTerTi damaxasiaTe-beli niSania, xolo misi wesebis dacva yvela ebraelis valdebuleba.

misasalmebelia, rom Cvens qalaqSi yoveldRiurad Zlierdeba qaSeri literaturis, Cveni Temis umravle-sobisTvis gasageb enaze gamocema.

wignSi zogad wesebTan erTad ganxilulia iseTi detalebic, ro-melic qaSeri samzareulos pirobebSi SeiZleba nebismier adamians gamoadg-es, rogorc praqtikuli saxelmZR-vanelo.

SeZenis msurvelebma miakiTxeT salocavis „beiT raxel“-is gabais.

axali wignebi

`SoraSimi~ erovnul fesvebs gviZlierebs

lana da guram xarazebi, Tea da eiali Salitebi, lika da kobi mamiebi iuwye-bian niu-iorkSi

rozeta megreliSvili -xaraziSvilis gardacvalebas da samZimars ucxade-

ben ira da mzia megreliSvilebs, soso da Tamuna xaraziSvilebs Svilis, disa da dedis gardacvalebis gamo.

naTela da ilia wiwuaSvilebi, ciala, guram da malxaz baTiaSvilebi Rrma mwuxarebiT iuwyebian

rozeta megreliSvili -xaraziSvilis gardacvalebas da samZimars ucxade-

ben ira da mzia megreliSvilebs, soso da Tamuna xaraziSvilebs Svilis, disa da dedis gardacvalebis gamo.

LRutu da maro mixelaSvilebi, lova da nana xubelaSvilebi, guram da lera megreliSvilebi, rezo aronaSvili, ciala,guram, malxaz baTiaSvilebi,lana da guram xarazebi iuwyebian

malvina sefiaSvilis gardacvalebas da samZimars ucxade-

ben SoTa da manana sefiaSvilebs meuRli-sa da dedis gardacvalebis gamo.

Tad sxvadasxva TamaSebiT bavSvebs saSualebs miecaT gamoevlinebinaT TavianTi Semoqmede-biTo unari.

Mmozardebi gaecvnen saqarTvelos istori-is, materialuri kulturis Zeglebsac. iyvnen quTaisSi, sadac Sexvdnen ebrauli Temis wevrebs, wyaltubosTan inaxules e.w. prom-eTes mRvime, bakurianSi ki yovel saRamos tar-deboda konkursebi,viqtorinebi, TamaSebi, diskoteka, paraskev saRamos SabaTis sazeimo Sexvedra, SabaT saRamos _ avdala. sportuli asparezobani tardeboda SesaniSnav sportul darbazSi: fexburTi, frenburTi, magidis te-nisi, badmingtoni. muSaobda baseini.

2 seqtembers banakis sazeimod gaixsnisas mozardebs esaubra evraziis ebraelTa kon-gresis generaluri sabWos wevri,msoflios ebraelTa kongresis vice-prezidenti, mw-erali guram baTiaSvili. mozardebisTvis es iyo saintereso Sexvedra. mwerali maT esau-bra erovnuli identifikaciis, ebrauli kul-turuli memkvidreobis sakiTxebze, imaze, Tu ra aduRabebs qarTul-ebraul urTierTobas

_ gmadlobT saubrisaTvis!

gazeT `meno-ras~ redaqcia iuwyeba qarTve-li ebraelobis TvalsaCino war-momadgenlis

profesor Ten-giz zonenaSvilis

gardacvale-bas da samZi-mars ucxadebs gansvenebulis ojaxis wevrebs.

14-15 seqtemberi roS ha Sana axali weli dgeba ebrauli ... · vis maRal profesiul ganviTarebas...

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Transcript of 14-15 seqtemberi roS ha Sana axali weli dgeba ebrauli ... · vis maRal profesiul ganviTarebas...