137974700-MIL-STD-271-Requirments-for-NDT.pdf
-
Upload
kalaiselvan -
Category
Documents
-
view
215 -
download
0
Transcript of 137974700-MIL-STD-271-Requirments-for-NDT.pdf
-
7/25/2019 137974700-MIL-STD-271-Requirments-for-NDT.pdf
1/97
AMSC N / A
DISTRIBUTI
- MIL-STD-271F(SH)
27
June
1986
SUPERSEDING
MIL-STD-Z71E(SHIPS)
31
October 1973
(See9 .2 )
MILITARYSTANDARD
REQUIREMENTSFORNONDESTRUCTIVE
TESTING METHODS
AREA NDTI
ON STATEMENT A Approved f o r p u b l i c r e l e a s e ; d i s t r i b u t i o nu n l i m i t e d
/THIS
DOCUMENT CONTAINS 97 - - . - PAGES.
ded by IHS Licensee=VSE Corp Specs/9957810104Not for Resale, 02/24/2009 06:53:47 MSTeproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
--```,,``,`,`,,`,,`,,``,,`,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
-
7/25/2019 137974700-MIL-STD-271-Requirments-for-NDT.pdf
2/97
NIL-STD-271F(SH)
27 J une
1986
DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY
NAVAL
SEA SYSTENS CONNAND
Washi ngton, DC 20362-5101
Requi rements f or Nondest ruct i ve Test i ng Methods.
1. Thi s Standard i s approved f or use by the Naval Sea Syst ems Command NAVSEA)
and i s avai l abl e for use by al l Departments and Agenci es of the Department of
Defense.
2. For cont racts
or
acqui si t i on orders whi ch i nvoke pr i ox i ssues of thi s docu-
ment , the cont ractor shal l not use thi s i ssue w thout pr i or cont ractual approval .
3 .
Benef i ci al comments recommendat i ons, addi t i ons, del eti ons) and any pert i nent
data whi ch may be of use i n i mprovi ng thi s document shoul d be addressed to:
Commander , Naval Sea Systems Command, SEA523, Depart ment of the Navy,
Washi ngton, DC 0362-5101 by usi ng the sel f - addressed Standardi zati on Document
I mprovement Proposal
DD
Form 1426) appeari ng at the endf thi s document or by
l etter.
i i
ded by IHS Licensee=VSE Corp Specs/9957810104Not for Resale, 02/24/2009 06:53:47 MSTeproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
--```,,``,`,`,,`,,`,,``,,`,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
-
7/25/2019 137974700-MIL-STD-271-Requirments-for-NDT.pdf
3/97
-
MIL-STD-271F
N D
W 7777933 0057830 O W
~~
MIL-STD-Z71F(SH)
27
June
1986
FOREWORD
Thiss t a nda r dc ove r snon des truc t iv e est ing method requirements
f o r
r a d io -
g r a p h i c ,m a g n e t i cp a r t i c l e , i q u i dp e n e t r a n t ,u l t r a so nic , eddy cur ren tand
v i sua l n spe c t ions .The se e qu i r e m e n t s are d e s i g n e d oe nsu r e he n t e g r i t y an
r e l i a b i l i t y
of
inspec t ionsper formed.This tandarddoesno tconta inacceptance
c r i t e r i a f o r t h e i n s p e c t i o n methods d e f i n e d .
iii
.-
-
ded by IHS Licensee=VSE Corp Specs/9957810104Not for Resale, 02/24/2009 06:53:47 MSTeproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
--```,,``,`,`,,`,,`,,``,,`,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
-
7/25/2019 137974700-MIL-STD-271-Requirments-for-NDT.pdf
4/97
FlIL-STD-271F(SH)
2 7
June1986
CONTENTS
Paragraph
1
1.1
1 . 2
1 . 3
1 .4
1 . 5
1 . 5 . 1
1 .5 .2
1 . 5 . 3
1 . 5 . 4
1 . 5 . 5
1 . 5 . 6
1 .5 .7
1 .6
1 . 6 . 1
1 . 6 . 1 . 1
1 . 6 . 1 . 2
1 . 6 . 2
1 . 6 . 3
1 .6 .5
1 . 6 . 5 . 1
1 .6 .5 .2
1 .6 .6
1 . 7
1 . 8
SCOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General
.........................................
C l a s s i f i c a t i o n ..................................
Ge ne r a lde f in i t i ons
.............................
Acceptance tandards
............................
T im e of nspec t ion
..............................
Autho r ized represent a t ive of he NavalSea
Systems CommandNAVSEA) .......................
Government inspector
............................
A c t i v i t y ........................................
Nominal thickness
...............................
Nondes t ruc t ive es texaminer
.....................
Nondestruct ive t e s t ope r a to r ....................
N o n d e s t r u c t i v e e s t n s p e c t o r
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Personne lqua l i f ica t ion equi rements
. . . . . . . . . . . .
Hours of ra in in g and exper ie nce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Othermethods
...................................
C e r t i f i c a t i o no fp e r s o n n e l ......................
Nondestruct ive
t e s t
p e r s o n n e l c e r t i f i c a t i o n
. . . . .
R e c e r t i f i c a t i o n
.................................
V i s i o n e s t s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Brightnessd isc r imina t ion
.......................
Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
P r oc e dur equa l i f ica t ion andapproval . . . . . . . . . . . .
Maintenanceof nspection ecords
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
age
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
5
2
.
APPLICABLE
DOCUMENTS
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 . 1 Government documents ............................
2 . 1 . 1pec i f ica t ion s and s tandard s
....................
2.2the rubl ica t ions
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5
5
5
5
6
.3rderfrecedence
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
.
3 . 1
3.1.1'
3 .1 .2
3 . 1 . 3
3 .1 .4
3 .1 .5
3 .1 .6
3 .1 .7
3 .1 .8
3 .1 .9
3.1.10
3 .1 .11
3 .1 .12
3 .1 .13
3.1.14
RADIOGRAPHY
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F i lmho lde r so rc a s se t t e s .......................
F i l t e r s
.........................................
I n t e ns i f y ing c r e e ns ............................
Maximum ef fe ct iv e adi at io nsou r c ed im e ns ion
. . . .
Wult ip le i lm echnique
.........................
P e n e t r a m e t e rs e n s i t i v i t y
........................
Radiograph .......................................
Radiograhic i lmdens i ty ........................
Radiographic nspection
.........................
R a d iog r a ph ic a l lys im i l a rm a te r i a l s ..............
De f in i t i ons .....................................
Ma te r i a l t h i c kne ss (T.
) .........................
Penetrameter ....................................
Shie ld ing .......................................
i v
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
8
8
8
..
-~
. .
. .
ded by IHS Licensee=VSE Corp Specs/9957810104Not for Resale, 02/24/2009 06:53:47 MSTeproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
--```,,
``,
`,
`,,
`,,
`,,
``,,
`,
`,,
`-`-`,,
`,,
`,
`,,
`---
-
7/25/2019 137974700-MIL-STD-271-Requirments-for-NDT.pdf
5/97
FfIL-STD-271F(SH)
27 June 1986
-Paragraph
.
3.1.15
.
3-1 .16
3.1.17
3 .2
3 . 2 . 1
3 .2 .1 .1
3 .2 .2
3 . 2 . 2 . 1
3 .2 .2 .2
3 .3
3 . 3 . 1
3 .3 .2
3 . 3 . 3
3 . 3 . 3 . 1
3 .3 .3 .2
3 .3 .3 .3
3 .3 .4
3.3.5
3 .3 .6
3 .3 .7
3 . 3 . 8
3.3.9
3 .3 .10
3 .3 .11
3 .3 .12
3 .3 .13
3.3.14
3 .3 .15
3 . 4
3 .4 .1 .2
3 . 4 . 2
3 . 4 . 3
3 . 4 . 4
3 . 4 . 4 . 1
3 .4 .4 .2
3 .4 .5
3 .4 .6
3 . 4 . 6 . 1
3 . 4 . 6 . 1 . 1
3 .4 .6 .1 .2
3 .4 .6 .1 .3
3 . 4 . 6 . 2
CONTENTS ontinued
Page
Source
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Source - to- f i lmdis tance
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Specimen thickness (T. ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General equirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Extentof ad iographic nspec t ion
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
RadiographicShootingSketch
(R S S )
f o r
c a s t i n g s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Radiographicprocedure
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Minimum radiographicprocedure equirements . . .
S ur ve yof a d iog r a ph ic a c i l i t i e s . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Radiography equirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dir e c t iono f a d i a t ion
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S c r e e n s , i l t e r s , andmasking
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Film
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F i l mq u a l i t y
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fi lmdens i ty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mult ip le i lm echniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fi lmless echniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Radia t ion ources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S our c e - to - f i lmd i s t a nc e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Radiographic ocat ionmarkers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F i l m d e n t i f i c a t i o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Maintenanceof adiographic ecords . . . . . . . . . . .
Da r k r oom f a c i l i t i e s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fi lm
v i e w i n g f a c i l i t i e s .......................
Sur faceprepara t ionof componentsandwelds
p r i o r o a d i o g r a p h y
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S a f e t y
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I n t e r p r e t a t i on o f r ad iogr a phs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Radiographic ecords ..........................
Penetrameters
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pene t ramete rmate r ia l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dissimilarmetalwe lds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Othermetals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
'Pene t ramete rd imens ions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
P e n q t r a m e t e r d e n t i f i c a t i o n
Welds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Castings and forgings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Acceptanctandards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Number,
'8,
o at io n , and placement of pene-
t r a m e te r s \i
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pene t ramete r oca t ion
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Film-sidepenetrameter echnique double-
F i lm - s ie ne t r a m e te re c hn iques ing le -
xposure) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Separa te block penetrameter echnique . . . . . . . . .
Requirements orcast in g and forgi ngs . . . . . . . . .
L,
Pene2Kameter selection
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
allexp sure)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8
9
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
11
11
11
11
12
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
15
15
15
1 7
17
17
1 7
1 7
1 7
1 7
18
18
18
V
ded by IHS Licensee=VSE Corp Specs/9957810104Not for Resale, 02/24/2009 06:53:47 MSTeproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
--```,,``,`,`,,`,,`,,``,,`,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,
`,,`---
-
7/25/2019 137974700-MIL-STD-271-Requirments-for-NDT.pdf
6/97
Paragraph
3 . 4 . 6 . 3
3 . 5
3 . 5 . 1
3 . 5 . 2
3 .6
3 . 6 . 1
3 . 6 . 2
3.7
3 . 7 . 1
3 .7 .2
3 . 7 . 2 . 1
3 . 7 . 2 . 2
3 .8
3 .9
3.10
3 . 1 1
4 .
4 . 1
4 .2
4 . 2 . 1
4 . 2 . 2
4 . 2 . 3
4 . 2 . 4
4.2 .5
4 . 2 . 6
4 . 2 . 7
4 .2 .8
4 . 2 . 9
4.2 .10
4 . 2 . 1 1
4 . 3
4 . 3 . 1
4 . 3 . 1 . 1
4 . 3 . 1 . 1 . 1
4 .3 .1 .2
4 . 3 . 1 . 3
4 . 3 . 1 . 3 . 1
4 . 3 . 1 . 3 . 2
4 . 3 . 1 . 4
4 .3 .1 .5
4 . 3 . 1 . 5 . 1
4 . 3 . 1 . 6
4 . 3 . 1 . 6 . 1
4 . 3 . 1 . 6 . 2
4 . 3 . 1 . 7
PiIL-STD-27lF SII)
27 June 986
CONTENTS ontinued
Page
Requirementsorelds
......................
18
Shims
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20
Shims for ack ing ingwelds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Shims for consumable insertwe lds
. . . . . . . . . . .
20
Radiographicua l i ty l eve l s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
-X--ray radiography
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 1
Radio iso topeadiography .................... 21
Single -wa l l andouble-walladiography . . . . . 22
Single-wallad iography ..................... 22
Double-walladiography ..................... 22
Double-wallxposure/single-walliewing .... 22
Double-wallxposure/double-walliewing . . . . 23
Radiographyfarts ........................ 23
Radiography
of
repa i rwe lds
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23
Radiography fast ingsndorgings
. . . . . . . .
23
Radiographici lmwnership . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
MAGNETIC
PARTICLE
TESTING
....................
Intendeduse ................................
De f in i t i ons
.................................
Ar c s t r ike s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
B la c k igh t .................................
Circular method
............................
Continuousmethod
...........................
Fluorescence ................................
Longitudinal method .........................
Ma gne t i cpa r t i c l e s
..........................
Residual method
.............................
Relevant ndica t ions ........................
I n d i c a t i o n ..................................
Non-re levant nd ica t ions ....................
Magnet ic pa r t ic le nspec t ion e qui rem ents . . .
Method ......................................
L i g h t i n g n e s t
area .......................
Procedure
...................................
S ur f a c ep r e pa r a t ion
.........................
Cleaning andmasking
........................
C le a n ingso lu t ion ...........................
Direct ionofmagnetiza t ion ..................
Demagnetization .............................
General equirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Demagnetiz ingapparatus
.....................
Equipment accuracy ..........................
Dc por table prod and sta t io nary mag net ic
pa r t ic le equipment
.........................
Yoke equipment ..............................
Magne t iz ingcurrent .........................
v i
23
23
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
26
26
26
26
27
27
27
27
27
27
ded by IHS Licensee=VSE Corp Specs/9957810104Not for Resale, 02/24/2009 06:53:47 MSTeproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
--```,,``,`,`,,`,,`,,``,,`,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
-
7/25/2019 137974700-MIL-STD-271-Requirments-for-NDT.pdf
7/97
PIIL-STD-271F SH)
27 June 1986
Paragraph
4 . 3 . 2
4 . 3 . 2 . 1
4 . 3 . 2 . 1 . 1
4 .3 .2 .2
4 . 3 . 2 . 2 . 1
4 . 3 . 2 . 3
4 . 3 . 2 . 4
4 .3 .2 .5
4 . 3 . 2 . 5 . 1
4 . 3 . 2 . 5 . 2
4 . 3 . 2 . 5 . 3
4 . 3 . 2 . 5 . 4
4.3 .2 .5 .5
4 . 3 . 2 . 5 . 6
4 .3 .2 .5 .7
4 .3 .2 .6
4 . 3 . 2 . 6 . 1
4 . 3 . 3
4 . 3 . 3 . 1
4 . 3 . 3 . 2
4 .3 .3 .2 .1
4 .3 .3 .3
4 . 3 . 3 . 3 . 1
4 . 3 . 3 . 3 . 2
4 .3 .3 .3 .3
4 . 3 . 3 . 3 . 4
4 . 3 . 3 . 4
4 . 3 . 3 . 4 . 1
4 . 3 . 3 . 4 . 2
4 . 3 . 3 . 4 . 3
4 . 4
4 .5
4 .6
5 .
5 . 1
5 . 2
5 . 2 . 1
5 . 2 . 2
5 .2 .3
5 .2 .4
5 . 2 . 5
5 .2 .6
5 .2 .7
CONTENTS
. ontinued
Wet
method
..................................
27
Genera l equi rements
........................ 27
Equipment
...................................
28
Vehic les
.................................... 28
Cleaninganddrying
.........................
28
Ma gne t i c pa r t i c l e s
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Suspensions
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28
Procedure
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Continuousmethods
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Residual method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
C ir c u la r m a gne t i z a t ion ;
c e n t r a lc onduc to r
( indi rec t me thod)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29
C ir c u la r m a gne t i z a t ion ;
i temasconductor
(d i rec t me thod)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29
Circula r magne t iza t ion ;
magnetiz ing
c u r r e n t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Long i tud ina lm a gne t i z ingur ren t . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
C onc e n t r a t ion fu s p e n s i o ne s t . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Genera l equi rements ormagne t ic
Longi tudina lagne t iza t ion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Maintenance
of
suspens ion
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29
Dryowdermethod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
p a r t i c l e s
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30
A p p l y i n ga r t i c l e s
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30
Removal
of
e x c e s s a r t i c l e s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Magnetiz ingrocedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
C ir c u la rm a gne t i z a t ion
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31
Longi tudina lagne t iza t ion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1
Yoke magnetization
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31
Magnetiz ingurrentprodmethods) . . . . . . . . . . 31
Magnetiz ingechniqueyokend rod) . . . . . . . 31
Weld inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Baseetal
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Continuous method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31
Non- r e l e va n tnd ic a t ions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
F i n a ll e a n i n g
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32
Arc s t r i k e s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
L IQ U ID PENETRANT
TESTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32
In tendedse
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32
D e f i n i t i o n s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Developers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
B la c k l i gh t
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32
Em uls i f i e r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
S e l f - e m u l s i f i a b l e
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32
P os t - e m ul s i f i a b l e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Penetrant remover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Fluorescence
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33
v i i
. . . . . .
~ded by IHS Licensee=VSE Corp Specs/9957810104Not for Resale, 02/24/2009 06:53:47 MSTeproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
--```,,``,`,`,,`,,`,,``,,`,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
-
7/25/2019 137974700-MIL-STD-271-Requirments-for-NDT.pdf
8/97
M I L -S T D -2 7 L F N D m
7777733
0057835 T m
MIL-STD-Z71F(SH)
27 June 1986
CONTENTS
.
ontinued
Page
Paragraph
5. 3
5. 3. 1
5. 4
5. 4. 1
5. 4. 2
5. 4. 2. 1
5. 5
5. 5. 1
5. 5. 2
5. 6
5. 6. 1
5. 6. 2
5. 6. 3
5. 6. 3. 1
5. 6. 4
5. 6. 4. 1
5. 6. 4. 3
5. 6. 4. 4
5. 6. 5
5. 6. 5. 1
5. 6. 5. 2
5. 6. 6
5. 6. 6. 1
5. 6. 6. 2
5. 6. 6. 3
5. 6. 7
5. 6. 8
5. 6. 9
5. 7
6
.
6. 1
6. 1. 1
6. 1. 2
6. 1. 3
6. 1. 4
6. 1. 5
6. 1. 6
6. 1. 7
6. 1. 8
6. 1. 9
6. 1. 10
6. 1. 11
6. 1. 12
6. 1. 13
6. 1. 14
6. 1. 15
6. 1. 16
Insp ecti on methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Type of l iq ui dp e n e t r a n tm a t e r i a l
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
General equirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Equipment requirements
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Procedure
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Change ofpe ne t r a n tm a te r i a l s
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S ur f a c ep r e pa r a t ion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General equirements
..........................
F in i she d u r f a c e s .............................
Testprocedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
P r e - t e s tc l e a n l i n e s s
..........................
Temperature
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
P e ne t r a t ion
time
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Appl ica t ion o f emuls i f ie r groups I I , V
andVI)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removal ofpene t ran t
..........................
Groups
I
and
VI1
m a t e r i a l s ....................
Groups
I I ,
V and V I
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Groups
I I I
and IV only ........................
Sur facedry ing
................................
Groups
I I
through
V I
..........................
Appl icat io n of developer ......................
Dry developer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
L i g h t i n g n e s ta r e a ..........................
F ina lc l e a n ing
................................
Groups
I
and VI1
..............................
Nonaqueous wet developer
......................
Aqueous wet developer .........................
Safe typrecaut ions
.
T e s t e s u l t s . . . . . . .
ULTRASONICTESTING
. .
De f in i t i ons
. . . . . . . .
Ac ous t i c a l lys im i l a r
Amplitude . . . . . . . . . .
Ampli tude re ec t ion
Angle beam testing
.
1
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
m a t e r i a l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
..........................
eve1 (ARL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
..........................
A-scan ........................................
As-welded condition ...........................
Attenuation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Back re f lec t ion
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
C a l i b r a t i o n
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
C a l ib r a t ions t a nda r d ..........................
Cathode ay ube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Classofweld
.................................
Compressional wave ............................
Continuous can
...............................
Couplant
......................................
Delaycontrol .................................
33
33
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
35
35
35
35
35
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
v i i
ded by IHS Licensee=VSE Corp Specs/9957810104Not for Resale, 02/24/2009 06:53:47 MSTeproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
-
7/25/2019 137974700-MIL-STD-271-Requirments-for-NDT.pdf
9/97
N IL-STD -271F(SH )
27 June
1 9 8 6
Paragraph
6 . 1 . 1 7
6 . 1 . 1 8
6 . 1 . 1 9
6 . 1 . 2 0
6 . 1 . 2 1
6 . 1 . 2 2
6 . 1 . 2 3
6 . 1 . 2 4
6 . 1 . 2 5
6 . 1 . 2 6
6 . 1 . 2 7
6 . 1 . 2 8
6 . 1 . 2 9
6 . 1 . 3 0
6 . 1 . 3 1
6 . 1 . 3 2
6 . 1 . 3 3
6 . 1 . 3 4
6 . 1 . 3 5
6 . 1 . 3 6
6 . 1 . 3 7
6 . 1 . 3 8
6 . 1 . 3 9
6 . 1 . 4 0
6 . 1 . 4 1
6 . 2
6 . 2 . 1
6 . 2 . 2
6 . 2 . 3
6 . 2 . 4
6 . 2 . 5
6 . 2 . 6
6 . 3
6 . 4
6 . 4 . 1
6 . 4 . 1 . 1
6 . 4 . 1 . 2
6 . 4 . 1 . 3
6 . 4 . 1 . 4
6 . 4 . 2
6 . 4 . 2 . 1
6 . 4 . 3
6 . 4 . 4
6 . 5
6 . 5 . 1
6 . 5 . 1 . 1
COhTENTS ontinued
Pag
Di s con t i nu i t y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
39
Di s rega rdevel (DRL)
.........................
39
Frequency
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
F u l lc r e e ne i g h t
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Gainontrol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
39
IIW
block .....................................
39
I n d i c a t i o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
39
I n i t i a lu l s e
................................. 4 0
I n t e r f a c e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4 0
L i n e a r i t y
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Longitudinal wave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
40
Megahertz
(MHz)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
40
Peak ind ica t ion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
40
Refe rencea l i b ra t i ont anda rd
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
40
Ref l ec t i on
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
40
Resolu t ion
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Scanning
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
S e a r c hn i t
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
S e n s i t i v i t y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
40
Shear waves
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Sk i p i s t ance ng l e beam t e s t i n g
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1
T e s tu r f a c e
. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . 41
Transducer . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .
41
U l t r a s o n i c t e s t s e n s i t i v i t y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Ul t ra s on i ca l l youndmat e r i a l
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
41
Procedurend t e s t methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Tes t method se lec t ion
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4 1
S u r f a c ei n i s h
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4 1
Tes t ingpeed
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
41
Couplant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
41
Test symbols
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2
C a l i b r a t i o n ...................................
4 2
Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4 2
Generalequirements
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4 2
Equipmentequirements ........................
4 2
Bas i cns t rumen t ua l i f i ca t i on
-
pulse cho . . .
4 2
Shear wave tra nsd uc er
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3
Bas i c n s t rumen tqua l i f i ca t i on - t h i cknes s
gauge
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3
Frequency
of
b a s i cn s t r u m e n t u a l i f i c a t i o n
. . .
4 3
Inspect ionrocedure
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4 3
P r o c e d u r ee q u a l i f i c a t i o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4 4
Di s con t i nu i t yva l ua t i on
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 4
Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4 4
Test methods
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 4
Forgings,wrought and ext rud edmater ia l
. . . . . . . 4 4
T e s t a l i b r a t i o n,ongi tud ina l wave . . . . . . . . . . .
4 4
iX
~~
.........
ded by IHS Licensee=VSE Corp Specs/9957810104Not for Resale, 02/24/2009 06:53:47 MSTeproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
-
7/25/2019 137974700-MIL-STD-271-Requirments-for-NDT.pdf
10/97
~ ~ I L - s T D - ~ ~ L F
D 4 4 7 ~ ~ L L0 5 9 8 3 7
3
NI L- STD- 271F SH)
27 June 1986
CONTENTS ontinued
age
Paragraph.5.1.2ingorgings
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45
6 . 5 . 1 . 2 . 1
T e s t
c a l i b r a t i o n ,hear wave
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45
6 . 5 . 1 . 2 . 2 T e s t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
46
6 .5 .1 .2 .3ongitudinal wave t e s t s
of
r i n go r g i n g s . . 46
6 . 5 . 1 . 2 . 3 . 1e s ta l i b r a t i o n ,ongi tudina l wave . . . . . . . 46
6 .5 .1 .2 .3 .2e s t ing - l o n g i t u d i n a l
wave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
46
6.5 .1 .3ec tangula rorg ings ...................... 46
6 . 5 . 1 . 3 . 1 T e s t c a l i b r a t i o n ,o n g i t u d i n a l
wave . . . . . . .
46
6 . 5 . 1 . 3 . 2e s t i n g - l o n g i t u d i n a l wave
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
46
6.5 .1. 4 Round and mu lti sid edor ge dr wrought
b a r sn c l u d i n g i s c
o r
pancakeorgings
. .
47
6 . 5 . 1 . 4 . 1
Test
c a l i b r a t i o n ,ongi tudina l wave . . . . . . . 47
6 .5 .1 .4 .2e s t ing
-
longitudinal wave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
6 .5 .2
Pla t e
and sheet
...........................
47
6 . 5 . 2 . 1
6 .5 .2 .2
6 .5 .2 .2 .1
6 . 5 . 2 . 2 . 2
6 .5 .2 .2 .3
6 .5 .2 .3
6 . 5 . 2 . 3 . 1
6 .5 .2 .3 .2
6 . 5 . 2 . 3 . 2 . 1
6 .5 .2 .3 .2 .2
6 . 5 . 3
6 .5 .3 .2
6 .5 .3 .3
6 .5 .4
6 . 5 . 4 . 1
6 .5 .4 .2
6 . 5 . 4 . 2 . 1
6 .5 .4 .2 .2
6 .5 .4 .2 .3
6 .5 .4 .2 .4
6 . 5 . 4 . 2 . 4 . 1
6 . 5 . 4 . 2 . 4 . 2
6 .5 .4 .3
6 . 5 . 4 . 3 . 1
6 .5 .4 .3 .2
6 .5 .4 .3 .3
6 . 5 . 4 . 3 . 3 . 1
6 .5 .4 .3 .3 .2
6 .5 .4 .3 .4
6 . 5 . 4 . 3 . 4 . 1
S ur f a c ep r e pa r a t ion
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shear wave te s t ing echnique
..............
Grid
t e s t
procedure .......................
Continuousscanningprocedure . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Longi tudina l wave te s t ing e chn iqu e . . . . . . .
T e s t i n gc a l i b r a t i o n .......................
Testprocedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Continuous method
.........................
Stat ic method
.............................
Pipes and tubes
. eamless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Test c a l i b r a t i o n . a d i a ld e f e c t s
de t e c t ion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
T e s t . a d i a ld e f e c t s
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ul t r a son ic n spe c t ionof weldments . . . . . . . .
Scope
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General equirements ......................
Scanning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S u r f a c e i n i s h
............................
Limita t ions
...............................
R e f e r e nc ec a l ib r a t ions t a nda r ds
. . . . . . . . . . .
Buttwelds.cornerwelds and
t e e
welds for
d is con t in ui t ie s n to he hro ug h member
..
De te c t iono f a c ko fpe ne t r a t ion
i n
f u l l
.
pe ne t r a t ion
t e e
welds
....................
S pe c i f i c e qu i r e m e n t s o rbu t ta ndc o r ne r
welds
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Instrument
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S e a r c hu n i t s ..............................
C a l i b r a t i o n ...............................
Class I welds .............................
Class
I I
and
I I I
welds
....................
Procedure
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
T e s tc a l i b r a t i o n ..........................
L o n g i t u d i n a ld i s c o n t i n u i t i e s . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
47
47
47
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
51
51
51
X
. .
L ..
ded by IHS Licensee=VSE Corp Specs/9957810104Not for Resale, 02/24/2009 06:53:47 MSTeproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
--```,,``,`,`,,`,,`,,``,,`,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`
,,`---
-
7/25/2019 137974700-MIL-STD-271-Requirments-for-NDT.pdf
11/97
M I L - S T D - 2 7 1 F N D
~
Paragraph
6 . 5 . 4 . 3 . 4 . 2
6 . 5 . 4 . 3 . 4 . 3
6 . 5 . 4 . 3 . 4 . 4
6 . 5 . 4 . 4
6 . 5 . 4 . 4 . 1
6 . 5 . 4 . 4 . 1 . 1
6 . 5 . 4 . 4 . 1 . 2
6 . 5 . 4 . 4 . 1 . 3
.
6 . 5 . 4 . 4 . 2
6 . 5 . 4 . 4 . 2 . 1
6 . 5 . 4 . 4 . 2 . 2
6 . 5 . 4 . 4 . 2 . 3
6 . 5 . 4 . 4 . 2 . 4
6 . 5 . 4 . 5
6 . 6
6 . 6 . 1
6 . 6 . 2
6 . 6 . 3
6 . 7
6 . 7 . 1
6 . 7 . 1 . 1
- 6 . 7 . 2
6 . 7 . 3
6 . 7 . 4
6 . 7 . 4 . 1
6 . 7 . 4 . 2
6 . 7 . 4 . 3
6 . 7 . 4 . 4
6 . 7 . 5
6 . 7 . 6
7
.
7 . 1
7 . 2
7 . 2 . 1
7 . 2 . 2
7 . 2 . 3
7 . 3
7 . 3 . 1
7 . 3 . 1 . 1
7 . 3 . 1 . 2
7 . 3 . 2
7 . 3 . 3
7 . 4
l l IL-STD -271F(SH )
27 June 1986
CONTENTS
.
ontinued
T r a n s v e r s ed i s c o n t i n u i t i e s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Compressional
wave
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Disc on t inu i tye va lua t ion
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S p e c i f i cr e q u i r e m e n t sf o rw e l d so f e e
j o i n t s
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Detec t ion of l a c k o f p e n e t r a t i o n n f u l l
p e n e t r a t i o n t e e welds ....................
S e a r c hun i t s
...............................
C a l i b r a t i o n
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Procedure
.................................
D e t e c t i o no f d i s c o n t i n u i t i e s n t o h e
through member ...........................
Inspectionzone
...........................
S e a r c hun i t s
..............................
C a l i b r a t i o n
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Procedure
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
R e c or do f n spe c t ion e su l t s
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Thicknessmeasurements ....................
Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
C a l i b r a t i o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Method
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bonding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transducers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
C a l i b r a t i o nof es t equipment
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Scanning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Continuous canning
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I n t e r m i t t e n ts c a n n i n g . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
C a l i b r a t i o n f o r u l t r a s o n i c e s t i n g o f
n o n p a r a l l e l u r f a c e s .....................
Cont inuousscanningofnonparal le l
s u r f a c e
..................................
Marking ...................................
Flaw p l o t t i n g
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
EDDY CURRENT
TESTING
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Scope
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
D e f i n i t i o n s
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
End (edge)e f f e c t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
L i f t - o f fe f f e c t
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stand-off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Eddy current nspection equirem ents . . . . . .
General equirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nethod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S u r f a c e i n i s h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Procedure
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Records
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Equipment equirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Page
5 1
5 2
5 2
5 2
5 2
5 2
5 2
5 3
5 3
5 3
5 3
5 3
5 4
5 4
55
5 5
55
5 5
55
5 5
5 5
55
5 5
5 6
5 6
5 6
57
57
5 7
57
57
5 7
57
57
57
57
5 8
5 8
5 8
5 8
5 8
5 8
5 8
xi
. .
. .
.
~.
ded by IHS Licensee=VSE Corp Specs/9957810104Not for Resale, 02/24/2009 06:53:47 MSTeproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
--```,,``,`,`,,`,,`,,``,,`,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
-
7/25/2019 137974700-MIL-STD-271-Requirments-for-NDT.pdf
12/97
Paragraph7. 4. 1
7. 4. 2
7. 5
7. 5. 1
7. 5. 2
7. 6
7. 6. 1
7. 6. 2
7. 6. 3
M L- STD-Z71F SH)
27 J une 1986
CONTENTS . ont i nued
Page
Eddy current nst rument
........................
59
Per f ormance ver i f i cat i on ref erence bl ock
. . . . . . .
59
On- si t e verification/standardization . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Ver i f i cat i on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Standardi zat i on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Test echni que
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Toe of wel d scan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Wel dscan
......................................
59
I nspect i on of sur f aces other than wel ds . . . . . . . . 60
8.
VI SUALNSPECTI ON ...............................
60
8. 1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
8. 2 Referencetandard .............................
60
8. 4 I nspecti onechni ques
..........................
60
8. 5mensi onalnspect i onccuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
8. 6 Li ght i ng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
60
8. 3rocedureequi rement s
.........................
60
9. NOTES
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
61
9. 1ubj ectermkeyword)i sti ng
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
61
9. 2 Changesromrevi ousssue
....................
61
FI GURES
Fi gure
1 .
2
.
3
.
4 .
4A
.
4B
.
4c.
5
.
6.
7.
7A.
8
9.
Recommended X- ray vol tage sett i ngs and radi o-
i sotope sources to be used w th var i ous st eel
andsi ml aral l oys
............................
62
Recommended X- ray vol tage set t i ngs and
radi oi sotope sources t o be used w th var i ous
copper- base and si ml ar al l oys
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
63
radi oi sotope sources to be used w th var i ous
al umnum magnesi um and si ml ar al l oys
. . . . . . . .
64
Penetrameterdesi gns
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
65
Penet ramet er dent i f i cat i on notchi ng . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Maxi mumal l owed Ug
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
67
Recommended i ncrease i n source- to- f i l m di st ance
f or var i ous radi oi sotope sources w th l engths
greater than 1/ 8 i nch
......................... 68
Recommended X- ray vol tage set t i ngs and
Exampl es of mater i al thi ckness
T
)
and
Magnet i c i el d ndi cator
.......................
73
Ski p di st ance exampl e .......................... 74
Accepted scanni ng techni ques f or but t wel ds . . . . 75
Typi cal ul t rasoni c cal i brat i on pl ot f or
vert i cal i near i ty ............................ 76
Typi cal ref erence cal i brat i on standard
sensi ti vi ty) ................................. 77
.
speci men thi ckness T, )
.......................
69- 72
xi i
. . . .
c
.
ded by IHS Licensee=VSE Corp Specs/9957810104Not for Resale, 02/24/2009 06:53:47 MSTeproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
-
7/25/2019 137974700-MIL-STD-271-Requirments-for-NDT.pdf
13/97
NI L- STD- 271F SH)
27 J une 1986
Fi gure0.
11.
Tab l e
12
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
I .
I I .
I I I .
I V.
V.
VI .
VI 1
.
FI GURES - Cont i nued
Pag
Typi cal vi ew ng screen cal i brat i onbutt wel ds)
I
w th dB control )
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
78
Typi cal vi ew ng screen cal i brat i on
butt wel ds)
w thoutdBcont rol ) .......................... 78
Scanni ng procedures f or wel ds ................... 79
Scanni ng procedure for t ee wel ds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Typi cal vi ew ng screen cal i brat i on
tee wel ds) w th dB control )
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
81
Typi cal vi ew ng screen cal i brat i on
tee wel ds) w thout dB control ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Sur f ace opposi te at tachment member
accessi bl e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Sur f ace opposi t e at tachment member not
accessi bl e
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
82
Ul t rasoni c wel d i nspect i on record . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Recommended probe- to- wel d att i t ude f or eddy
current standardi zati on and scanni ng
operat i ons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
84
TABLES
Exampl es
of
penet rameter i dent i f i cat i on
. . . . . . . .
16
Penet rameter pl acement f or wel ds
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19
Al l owabl e i l msi de penet rameters
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20
Def i ni t i on of radi ographi c qual i ty l evel s
. . . . . .
21
Wni mum radi ographi c qual i t y l evel s f or
I r i di um192 radi ography of nonst ructural
wel ds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Cal i brat i on hol e si ze f or l ongi tudi nal t est
. . . .
45
square and
U
bottom notch
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
47
Cal i brat i on ref erence notch di mensi onsf
xi i
ded by IHS Licensee=VSE Corp Specs/9957810104Not for Resale, 02/24/2009 06:53:47 MSTeproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
-
7/25/2019 137974700-MIL-STD-271-Requirments-for-NDT.pdf
14/97
PIIL-STD-271F(SH)
27 June
1986
1. SCOPE
1 .1 Genera l .This t andard overs the equ i rements o rdonduct ing
n o n d e s t r u c t i v e e s t s u s e d n d e t e r m i n i n g h e p r e s e n c e o f s u r f a c e and i n t e r n a l
d i s c o n t i n u i t i e s nm e t a l s . I t a l s oco nt ai ns he minimum requir eme ntsnecessary
t o q u a l i f y n o n d e s t r u c t i v e e s t and i ns p ec t io npersonnel ,procedures , and
n o n d e s t r u c t i v e e s te q u i p m e n t .T h i ss t a n d a r dd o e sn o tc o n t a i na c c e p t a n c e
c r i t e r i a f o r n o n d e s t r u c t i v e
t e s t s .
1.1.1
Areas
t ob e e s t e ds h a l lb es p e c i f i e d n h ea p p l i c a b l ed r a w i n g s ,
s pec i f i ca t i ons ,con t r ac to rpu rchas eo rde r .Nondes t ruc t i ve
t e s t
markings
i n c o r p o r a t e d n d r a w i n g s s h a l l b e n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h
AWS
A2.4.
1 . 1 . 2
S i n c ec a l i b r a t i o np r o c e d u r e sa r ese l f -c on ta i ne d n h i s document,
t h e
t e s t
ins t rumentsandstandardscontainedhereinarenot ncluded n
Ca l i br at io n Programs defined byMIL-STD-45662 wi th he ex ce pt io n of in ea r
measur ing oo l ssuchasmechanica l cal ipers andmicrometers.
1 . 2
C l a s s i f i c a t i o n .T h i s t a n d a r d o v e r s h e o l l ow i n g y p e so f e s t
methods :
(a)adiography
(b )M agne t i c a r t i c l e
(c) iqu idenet ran t
(d)l t rasonic
(e) Eddy cu rr en t
( f )V i s ua ln s pec t i on
1.3Acceptance t andards . The s tan dard s o r cce p tan ce ha l lb e s
s p e c i f i e d n h e a p p l i c a b l e s p e c i f i c a t i o n , c o n t r a c t , o r o r d e r .
1 .4 Time of nspec t ion.Unlesso therwise pec i f i edhere inor n he
app l i cab l e s pec i f ica t i on , accep t ance n s pec t i on s ha l l be pe r fo rmed on . an item
i n
t h e
f i n a l s u r f a c econd i t i on and f i na l h e a t r e a t e dc o n d i t i o n ,e x c e p ta s
s p e c i f i e d n1 . 4 . 1 ,1 . 4 . 2 ,1 . 4 .3 and 1 .4 . 4 .
1 .4 .1Ra diog rap hic nsp ect ion may beperformed
a t
t he o l l owi ng i mes :
( a )Befo reo r f t e r
s t r e s s
r e l i e f .
(b )Beforeoraf te rhea t rea tmentwhere heheat rea tmentdoesnot
requi requenchingof he t em
i n a
liquid medium.
1 .4 .2Cas t i ngor o rg ings may be ad io grap hed n hea s - c a s t ,a s - f o r g e d ,
orrou gh machined con diti ons ,prov ided herequi rementsof3 .4 .4 .2are met.
1. 4. 3 Weldments tha t equ irecontour ingorma ch ini ng may be adiog raph ed
i n t he a s -we l ded cond i t i on p rov i ded he s u r f ace cond i t i on does no t n t e r f e re
wi t h he n t e rp re t a t i on o f he r ad i og ra phs and t hepene t r ame t e r s e l ec t i on
i s
+
. .
based on the requ i rements o f 3 .4 .4 .
1 .4 .4 The f in a l m a g n e t i cpar t i c le nsp ec t io n may beaccomplishedwithin
..-
1/32
i nch o f he f i na l mach inedbasemetalsurface,prov ided a ha l f wave re c t i -
f i e dd i r e c tc u r r e n t ( d c )d i r e c tmagnet iza t ion method
i s
u s e df o r h e n s p e c t i o n .
1
ded by IHS Licensee=VSE Corp Specs/9957810104Not for Resale, 02/24/2009 06:53:47 MSTeproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
--```,,
``,
`,
`,,
`,,
`,,
``,,
`,
`,,
`-`-`,,
`,,
`,
`,,
`---
-
7/25/2019 137974700-MIL-STD-271-Requirments-for-NDT.pdf
15/97
blIL-STD-271F(SH)
27
June 1986
1 .5Genera l e f i n i t i ons .
1 .5 .1Au t ho r i zed ep res en t a t i veof he NavalSeaSystems Command
NAVSEA ) . Unl es sot he rw is e pe ci fi ed , he Commander of a Nava lShipyard, he
Superv i s o r o f Sh i pbu i l d i ng o r he i r de lega t ed r ep res en t a ti ve .
1.5 .2 Government in sp ec to r. Government o f f i c i a l who
i s
chargedwith he
re s pons i b i l i t y f o ra s s u r i n g h a t h em a t e r i a l s ,p r o c e s s e s ,f a b r i c a t i o n
technique and tes t i ng pers onn el meet spe c i f i ca t io n and cont rac tua l
r equ i r emen t s . n h i s ega rd ,heo r he may beas ol lows:
(a)Fo r Government sh ip ya rd s: The Shi pya rd Commander o rh i s
(b)For ommercial hipyards: The Su pe rv iso ro fSh i pbu i l d i ngo rh i s
(c)For the r rga niz atio ns: The cogniz ant Government in sp ec to r,
de l ega t ed r ep res en t a t i ve .
de l ega t edrep res en t a t i ve .
h i s r e p r e s e n t a t i v e o r h e r e p r e s e n t a t i v e o fanother
Government agencydesignated by or hrough he cogniz ant
Government inspector.
r e p r e s e n t a t i v e .
de l ega t edrep res en t a t i ve .
(d)ForForcesAf loa t: The squa dron commander orh i sd e l e g a t e d
(e)For .Naval R ep ai rFa ci l i t i es : The commanding of fi ce ro rh i s
1 . 5 . 3Ac t i v i t y . A p a r t i c u l a rs i t e of ny ommercial o r Government
ac t i v i t y pe r fo rmi ng work w i t h i n t he s cope o f t h i s s t anda rd .
1. 5 . 4 Nominal thic kne ss .That h ickne ss pec i f i ed on p lans o r d rawings
wi thoutappl ica t ionof any al lowe d oleran ce.
1 .5 .5Nondes t ruc t ive
t e s t
examiner.Pers onne l t o whom t h ea c t i v i t y
as s i gns he r e s pons i b i l i t y and au t ho r i t y o examineand c e r t i f y n o n d e s t r u c t i v e
t e s tpe r s onne l o n s u re ha t he i rpe r s onne la recompe t en t and qu a l i f i e d o
perform heappl icab le es t s nconformancewi thcont rac tura lrequi rements .
This
i s
t he nd i v i dua l o whom t he ac t i v i t y a s s i gn s he r e s pon s i b i l i t y o f
approvingnondestruct ive t e s t procedures andworkmanship standards.
1 ; 5 .6Nondes t ruc t i ve e s tope rato r . The individu alper formingor
a c t u a l l y a p p l y i n g h e
t e s t
method.
1 .5 .7Non des truc t ive es t nspe ctor . The indiv idua l who acc eptso r
re jec t s he nsp ec ted par t by compar isonof t h e t e s t r e s u l t s w i t h t h e
acceptancestandards .
1 .6Nondes t ruc t i vees t e r s onne l e r t i f i ca t i on .Pe r s onne l e r fo rmi ng
n o n d e s t r u c t i v e e s t i n g s h a l l be c e r t i f i e d n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h h e g u i d e l i n e s
of
ASNT
Recommended P r a c t i c e No.
SNT-TC-lA,
1980 Edi t ion. Each ac t i vi tys h a l l
devel op a wr i t t en p rac t i ce , as required by ASNT Recommended P r a c t i c e No.
SNT-TC-lA, 1980 Ed i t i on , d en t i f y i ng h er e q u i r e m e n t sr e l a t i v e o h e
gu i de l i nes . The wr i t t e np r a c t i c e sh a ll be made a v a i la b l e o h e Government
Inspec tor upon re que st . The guidel in esof ASNT Recommended P r a c t i c e No.
SNT-TC-lA,
1980 Editions ha l lbecons i de redas minimum re qu ire me nts ,exceptas
modified herein.
2
ded by IHS Licensee=VSE Corp Specs/9957810104Not for Resale, 02/24/2009 06:53:47 MSTeproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
--```,,``,`,`,,`,,`,,``,,`,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
-
7/25/2019 137974700-MIL-STD-271-Requirments-for-NDT.pdf
16/97
MIL-STD-271F(SH)
2 7 June 1986
1 .6 .1P e r sonne l ua l i f i c a t ion e qu i r e m e n t s .Nonde s t r uc t ive t e s t examiner
p e r s o n n e l s h a l l b e q u a l i f i e d by e x a m in a ti o nsadm inis tered by th e Employing
+
Activi ty, AmericanSociety forNonde s t r uc t ive Te st in g (ASNT), o ro t h e r o u t s i d e
agency.The specif ice xa m ina t ionsha l lbeprepareda ndadminis te red by th e
employing a c t i v i t yo ra no u t s i d eage ncy . The employing ac t i v i ty s h a l l d e n t i f y
minimum pas sin g gra de req uir em ent s when t h e b as i c andmethod examinations a re
administered by ASNT, which ssuesgradeson
a
p a s s / f a i l b a s i s . I n h i s case,
t he pa s s i ng g r a de f o r he ba s i c andmethod exam ina t i on sha l l be a ss ig ned a
numer ica lscoreof 80 pe rce nt .
1 . 6 . 1 . 1 Hourso f t r a in inga n dexper ience . Thenumber ofhour so f r a in ing
a ndexper ience for
a l l
n o n d e s t r u c t i v e e s t p e r s o n n e l s h a l l b e i n accordancewi th
ASNT Recommended P r a c t i c e No.SNT-TC-lA, 1980 E d i t io n . However, th eh o u r s o r
perso nnel who perform only one operat ion of a n o n d e s t r u c t i v e t e s t method t h a t
cons is t s of more than one opera t ion ,
or
pe r f o r m nonde s t r uc t ive e s t e xa m ina t ions
o f im i t e dsc op e, may be
less
t h a n h o s e s p e c i f i e d n ASNT Recommended P r a c t i c e
No. SNT-TC-lA, 1980 Edit ion,p r o v i d e d h e time of r a i n i ng a nd e xpe r i e nc e i s
d e s c r i b e d n h e w r i t t e n p r a c t i c e , andany l i m i t a t i o n o r r e s t r i c t i o n o n t h e
c e r t i f i c a t i o n i s de sc r ibe d i n t h e w r i t t e n p r a c t i c e and i n c e r t i f i c a t i o n r e c o r d s .
1 . 6 . 1 . 2 Other m e thods .Fornon destr uct i ve est methods not overedby
ASNT Recommended P r a c t i c e No. SNT-TC-lA, 1980 Edi t ion ,p e r s o n n e l s h a l lb e
qua l i f ied o-comparable eve lso fcomp eten cy by theadminis t ra t ionofcomparable
exam ina t i ons on he pa r t i cu la r method involved .
1 . 6 . 2C e r t i f i c a t i o no fpe r so nne l . The e mploying a c t i v i ty
i s
r e spons ib l e
for he adequ acy of he programand i s r e s p o n s i b l e f o r t h e c e r t i f i c a ti o n
of
a l l l e v e l s o f n o n d e s tr u c t i v e e s tp e r s o n n e l .
1 . 6 . 3R e c e r t i f i c a t i o n .N o n d e s t r u c t i v e e s tp e r s o n n e l h a l lb e e c e r t i f i e d
by examination
a t
3 - y e a r n t e r v a l s ( a s a minimum) ina c c o r da nc ew i t h h e
a c t i v i t y s
wri t ten
pr a c t i c e .Th i s e - e xa m ina t ionsha l lb ea sc om pr e he ns ive as
t h a t employed i n t h e n i t i a lc e r t i i c a t i o n . na d d i t i o n ,p er s o n n el who perform
pr oduc t ion NDT s h a l l b e r e c e r t i f i e d by e xa m in at io n i f t h e y h av enotperformed
t e s t s ( f o r w h i c h h e y a r ec e r t i f i e d )f o r a pe r iodof 6 months; th is e -exam ina t i on
needonlycons is tofanapprovedopera t iona lexamina t ionadminis te red by th e
a c t i v i t y s t e s t examiner.
1 . 6 . 4
The
Government In sp ec to r may re q ue s ta no p e r a t i o n a lo rw r i t t e n
examinationbea dmin is t er e d i f t h e r e i s reason t o b e l i e v e h a t a n n d i v i d u a l i s
una b le t o c o m p e t e n t l y p e r f o r m a t h e e v e l h a t h e n d i v i d u a l i s c e r t i f i e d .
1 . 6 . 5V i s i o n e s t s .
1 .6 .5 .1Ge ne r a l . A l l n o n d e s t r u c t i v e e s tp e r s o n n e l h a l lb e e q u i r e d o
pa ss a v i s ion t e s t . The v i s i on e s t must bec u r r e n t a t the imeofexamina t ion
a nd v i s ion t e s t s s h a l l b ec onduc te da nnua l ly .V i s ion e s t ingsha l lbec onduc te d
by a qua l i f i e d e c h n ic i a n , u s i ng s t a nda r d e s t m ethods f o r de t e r m in ing v i sua l
a c u i t y . T h es t a n d a r do fa c c e p t a n c e o rv i s i o n e s t ss h a l lb e :
3
ded by IHS Licensee=VSE Corp Specs/9957810104Not for Resale, 02/24/2009 06:53:47 MSTeproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
-
7/25/2019 137974700-MIL-STD-271-Requirments-for-NDT.pdf
17/97
(b)
1 . 4 . 5 . 2
i n1 . 5 . 7 ,s h a
NIL-STD-271F(SH)
27 June 1986
Na tu r a l o r c o r r e c t e d ne a r d i s t a nc e a c u i ty suc h ha t he
ind iv idua l i s capableof eading J1 l e t t e r s on th eS tandard
Ja e ge r ' sTe s t ypec ha r t o rne a rv i s ion ,o re qu iva l e n t ype
te s t .Th is eq ui rem en t must be metby oneorbotheyes.
Ab i l i t y to d i s t in gu is h be tween co lors when requ i red by the work .
B r igh tne s sd i sc r im ina t ion . A l l rad iographicpersonne l sde f ined
11 a d d i t i o n a l l y b e e s t e d f o r b r i g h t n e s s d i s c r i m i n a t i o n , u s i n g
t e s t
r a d iog r aphs c on ta in ing randomly d i s t r i b u te d pe ne t r a m e te r s , w i th va r y in g de ns i t i e s
a nd s i z e s .
1 .6 .5 .3 The cor r ec t i ve a i d su s e d o rv i s i o n t e s t s
must
beusedduring
c e r t i f i c a t ione xa m ina t ion a nd a l l subsequent nspec t ions and t e s t s performed.
1.6,6 Records.Employing ac t i v i t ie s ha l lm a i n t a i n n d i v i d u a ln o n d e s t r u c -
t i v e e s tp e r s o n n e l r e c o r d s n c l u d i n g h e f o l l o w i n g :
( a )Tra in ing and xperience.
(b)Resul t so fa l lcur ren texamina t ionswh ic hcanbecor re la ted o
theexamina t ionadmi nist ered and a mastercopyofeachexamina-
t i o n . When ASNT
i s
use d o re xa m ine rce rt if ic at io n, h e ASNT
l e t t e r may be used for he basic and method examinations.
( c ) A r e c o r do fv i s i o n e s t sn o t i n gc o r r e c t i v ea i d su s e d .
(d)Records sh a l l bemain ta ined or hec u r r e n t a ndp r e c e d i n gc e r t i f i -
c a t i o n p e r i o d u n l e s s o t h e r w i s e s t a t e d .
A l l of he above reco rds sha l l be made av a i la b l e to th e Government In spec tor
upon request .
1 .6 .7T r a n s f er of NDT c e r t i f i c a t i o n s oo t h e r a c t i v i t i e s
i s
pr oh ib i t e d
except asau tho r ize d by NAVSEA.
1 . 7 P r oc e dur equa l i f ica t io n and appro va l .Non des t ru c t ive es t ing methods
spe c i f i e d he r e in sha l l be pe r f o r m e d in a c c o r da nc e w i th wr i t t e n p r oc e dur e s .
1 . 7 . 1 Ac t iv i t i e spe r f o r m ing NDT sha l ldeve l op and main ta in a wr i t t en
procedure forea ch method performeda nd c e r t i f y ha t e a c h p r oc e d ur e i s i n
accordancewi th he equi rements of t h i ss t a n d a r d .T h i sc e r t i f i c a t i o ns t a t e m e n t
sha l l be pa r t o f each wr i t t en proced ure and signed by thecognizantexaminerof
t h e a c t i v i t y .
1 . 7 . 2 Each proceduresha l lha vebeenqu ali fied by pr ov in g ha t known
d i s c o n t i n u i t i e s , e i t h e r n a t u r a l o r a r t i f i c i a l , c a n b e r e l i a b l y d e t e c t e d and
evaluated.Datadocumenting thisp r o c e d u r ed e m o n s t r a t i o ns h a l lb ep r o v i d e d o
t h e Government In sp ect or upon requ est .This equi rementdoe sno tapply o
proceduresa ppr ove dunderpr iorrev is ions of h iss tandard .
1 . 7 . 3 Procedures hal lbeapproved by thecognizantexaminerof he
ac t i v i t y and eviewedby t h e Government In sp ec to r. The Government In sp ec to r
may reques t demo nst ra t ion of he proced ure dur in g n i t ia l r ev iew of he
p r o c e du r e o r a t a ny im e he r e
i s
r ea so n t o b e l i e v e it
i s
una b le op r ov ide
a de qua te r e su l t s .
4
ded by IHS Licensee=VSE Corp Specs/9957810104Not for Resale, 02/24/2009 06:53:47 MSTeproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
--```,,``,`,`,,`,,`,,
``,,`,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
-
7/25/2019 137974700-MIL-STD-271-Requirments-for-NDT.pdf
18/97
MIL-STD-271F
N D
W
3 3 7 3 3 1 1
0 0 5 3 8 4 5 2 W
blIL-STD-271F(SH)
27 June
1986
1 . 7 . 4P r o c e d u r e ss h a l ln o tbe rans fe r r ed f romo n e a c t i v i t y
wi thou t hespec i f icapprova lo f
NAVSEA.
1 .8
Maintenanceof nspec t ion ecords .Records hal lbe mai.
s p e c i f i e d n h e a p p l i c a b l es h i ps p e c i f i c a t i o n s ,f a b r i c a t i o ns p e c i f i c a t i o n s
and o th e r documents nvoking th is s t an da rd .
2 . APPLICABLE DOCUNENTS
t oa n o t h e r
n ta ine d a s
2 . 1 Government documents.
2 . 1 . 1 S pe c i f i c a t ions a nd s t a nda r ds .U n l e s s t h e r w i s e p e c i f i ed ,h e
f o l l o w i n g s p e c i f i c a t i o n s and s t a n d a r d s o f h e s s u e i s t e d n h a t s s u e
of
the Depar tmentofDefense ndexofSpecif ica t ionsandStandards (DoDISS)
s p e c i f i e d i n t h e s o l i c i t a t i o n form a p a r t of t h i s s t a n d a r d o h e e x t e n t
s p e c i f i e d h e r e i n .
SPECIFICATIONS
FEDERAL
P-D-680
-
Dry Cleaningolvent .
MILITARY
EIIL-1-25135 - I n spe c t ionMa te r i a l s , e ne t r a n t s .
STANDARDS
MILITARY
MIL-STD-278 - Fab r ica t io n Weldingnd Inspection; nd
C a s t ing I n spe c t ion a ndRepair orMachinery,
P ip ing and PressureVe sse l s nS h ipso f he
Uni t e dStates Navy.
Sp eci al Pur po se Components.
PIIL-STD-792 - I de n t i f i c a t ion Ma r k ingRequirements for
MIL-STD-45662 - Calibra t ionSystemsRequirements .
(Copieso fspec i f ica t ions and s tandards equi red by cont r ac tors nc onne c -
t i o n w i t h s p e c i f i c a c q u i s i t i o n f u n c t i o n s s h o u l d b e o b t a i n e d from t h e c o n t r a c t i n g
a c t i v i t y o r a s d i r e c t e d by t he c o n t r a c t i n g o f f i c e r . )
2 .2Othe rpu bl ica ti on s. The following ocuments orm a p a r to f h i s
s t a n d a r d o h ee x t e n ts p e c i f i e dh e r e i n .U n l e s so t h e r w i s es p e c i f i e d , h e
i s sue s of he documentswhich a re DoD a do pt ed sh al l be h os e is t ed n h e
i s s u eof he DoDISS sp ec i f ie d n he s o l i c i t a t i o n . T he i ss ue sofdocuments
wh ic h ha ve no t be e n a dop te d sha l l be hose n e f f e c t on the da t e
of
t h e c i t e d
DoDISS.
AMERICAN
SOCIETY
FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS (ASTM)
D
3699
-
StandardSpec i f ica t ion orKe ro si ne . (DoD ado pted )
( A p p l i c a t i o n f o r c o p i e s s h o u l d b e a d d r e s s e d o
the
American So c i e ty fo r
Tes t ing and Mate r ia l s ,
1916
Race Street ,P h i l a d e l p h i a , PA 19103.)
5
ded by IHS Licensee=VSE Corp Specs/9957810104Not for Resale, 02/24/2009 06:53:47 MSTeproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
` ` `
` `
`
`
`
`
` `
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
-
7/25/2019 137974700-MIL-STD-271-Requirments-for-NDT.pdf
19/97
PlIL-STD-271F(SH)
2 7 June1986
AMERICAN
WELDING SOCIETY (AW)
A2.4 - Symbols f o r Weldin gandNondestruct iveTest ing ncluding
Bra zin g. (DoD ado pt ed)
(App l ica t i on for copie s shou ld be addre ssed o he AmericanWelding
Soc ie t y , nc . , 550
NW
LeJeuneRoad, P . O . Box 351040,Niami, FL 33135.)
SOCIETY OF AUTONOTIVE ENGINEERS (SAE)
AMS 3161 - I n spe c t ion O i l , Odorless
(Appl ica t ion forcopiesshou ldbeaddressed o heSoc ie tyo fAu tom ot ive
Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Drive,Warrendale ,
PA
15096.)
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING (ASNT)
SNT-TC-1A. - Recommended P r a ct i c e o rNonde s t r uc t iveTe s t ing
Personne l Qua l i f i ca t ion and C e r t i f i c a t i on .
Supplement
A
-
RadiographicTest ingNethod.
Supplement B - Ma gne t i cPar t ic leTes t ingNe thod .
Supplement C - Ul t r a son ic Testing Method.
Supplement D - Liqu idPene t ran t Testing Method.
Supplement E - Eddy CurrentTest ingNethod.
( App l i c a t ion f o r c op ie s s h o u l dbe add res sed o he American Soc ie t y f o r
Nonde s t r uc t iveTes t in g , nc . , 4153 Ar l in ga tePlaza, Columbus, OH 43228-0518.)
(Nongovernment s ta nd ar ds a r eg e n e r a l l ya v a i l a b l ef o r reference f rom
l i b r a r i e s . They a r ea l s od is tr i b u te d among nongovernment sta nd ard sbodies and
us ing Federa l agenc ies . )
The docum en ts c i t e d n h i s s e c t io n a r e f o r gu id a nc e and in f o rm a t ion .
2.3Orderofprecedence. n heeventof a co nf l i c t between th e ex t of
t h i s
s tandard and the r e f e r e n c e sc i t e dh e r e i n , h e e x t o f h i s s t a n d a r d s h a l l
take precedence.
3 . RADIOGRAPHY
3 . 1
De f in i t i ons . The f o l l owi ngd e f i n i t i o n s r e p p l i c a b l e o
radiography:
3 .1 .1Energy . A proper ty
of
r a d ia t ion wh ic hdetermines
i t s
p e n e t r a t i n g
ab i l i t y . n X- ray ad iography,energy i s usua l lyde te rmined by th e
a c c e l e r a t i n g v o l t a g e a p p l i e d o h e an od eand
i s
e xpr e s se da sk i lovo l t s
(kv)
o rm i l l i o nel ec tr on vo lt s (MeV). In gamma-ray radio grap hy, nerg y i s a
c h a r a c t e r i s t i c
of
the sou r c e .
3 .1 .2F i lmholdersor a sse t te s .L ightproof o nta ine rs orho ld ing
r a d iog r a ph ic i lmw i t ho rwi thou t n t e ns i f y ingsc r e e ns .The se i lmho lde r so r
c a s s e t t e s may be r i g i d o r f l e x ib l e .
6
ded by IHS Licensee=VSE Corp Specs/9957810104Not for Resale, 02/24/2009 06:53:47 MSTeproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
--```,,``,`,`,,`,,`,,``,,`,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
-
7/25/2019 137974700-MIL-STD-271-Requirments-for-NDT.pdf
20/97
KL-STD-271P(SH)
27 June 1986
3 . 1 . 3F i l t e r s .S h e e t so f e a do ro t h e rm a t e r i a l sp l a c e d n h e a d i a t i o n
beam, e i the r
a t
th e X- ray ubebetween hespecimenand he i lm,orbehind he
f i l m t o improve image q u a li ty by s e l ec t i ve ly removing low energycomponents rom
th e ra d i a t io n beam.
3 .1 .4 n t e ns i f y ing c r e e ns .S he e t so f e a do r a ye r so f l uo r e sc e n t
c r ys t a l s betwe enwhich th e f i l m i s p l a c e d o d e c r e a s e h e e x p o s u r e t ime,
3 . 1
t h e p en e
m a t e r i a l
5
Ma te r i a l h i c kne ss
(Tm).
The th icknesso fmater ia l uponwhich
t r a m e te r i s ba se d o rp i p i n gs y s t e mwe lds , nc lud ing e pa i rwelds. The
th i c kne ss
i s
t he nom ina l h i c kne sso ra c tua l h i c kne ss ,
if
measured,
o f t he s t re n g th member, and doe snot nc lude e inforcements,backing ings
O r
s t r i p s . The st re ng th member
i s
d e f i n e da s h e h i n n e ro f h es e c t i o n sb e i n g
j o i n e d s e e3 . 4 . 4 ) .
3. 1. 6 Maximum ef fec t i ve ad ia t i on ou rc edi m en si on . The maximum so ur ce
o r oc a ls p o td im e ns ionpr o je c t e d on thec e n te r o f t he a d iog r a ph ic i lm .F or
example,
a
c y l ind r i c a l so topesourc e whose len gth
i s
g r e a t e r h a n
i t s
diamete r
w i l l have a g r e a t e r e f f e c t i ve r a d ia t i on sou r c e d im e n s ion when o r i e n te d c oa x ia l ly
i n t h e c e n t e r o f a p i p e f o r a panoramicexposure han when th e ax is
of
t he sou r c e
i s p o s i t i o n e d a t r i g h t a n g l e s o h e p i p e .
3 . 1 . 7 Mul t ip l e i lm e c hn ique . A pr oc e dur e nwh ich two o r more films
of he same or d i f fe re n t spe ed a re use d n he same f i lmholder ,andexposed
s im u l t a ne ous ly .
3 . 1 . 8 Penetrameter . A device whosemage i n a radiograp h
i s
u se d t o
d e t e r m i n e a d i o g r a p h i cq u a l i t y e v e l . I t
i s
n o t n t e n d e d o ru s e n u d g i n g
t h e s i z e n o r f o r e s t a b l i s h i n g a c c e p t a n c e o f d i s c o n t i n u i t i e s .
3 . 1 . 9
P e ne t r a m e te r e ns i t i v i ty . An ind ic a t iono f h ea b i l i t yo f h e
radiographic procedure o demonst ra te a c e r t a i n d i f f e r e n c e n s p e c i m e n h i c k n e s s
( u s u a l l y 2 p e r c e n t ) . I t i s t h e a t i oe x p r e s s e das a pe rcentageo f he h i c kne ss
of
a
pene t ramete r whose out l ine
i s
d i s c e r n i b l e i n a r a d i o g r a p h o h e m a t e r i a l
th i c kne ss
(T,)
of the pecimen adiographed.
. 3.1.10Radiograph. A v i s i b l e imagen f i lm roduced by th ep e n e t r a t i o n
o f a d i a t i o n h r o u g h h em a t e r i a lbe in g es te d. When two superim posed ilms
a r e e x p o s e ds imul taneou s ly n he same f i lm ho lde r , obev ie we d a t e r
as a
supe r im pose dpa i r , hesupe r im pose dpa i ro fe xpose df i lmcons t i tu tes he
radiograph .
3.1.11 R a d iog r a ph ic i lmde ns i ty . A qua n t i t a t i vem e a su r eo f i lm
blackening ,def ined by the e qua t ion :
Where
:
d
=
d e n s i t y .
I = t h e i g h t n t e n s i t y n c i d e n t on t h e i l m .
1; = t h e i g h t n t e n s i t y r a n s m i t t e d h r o u g h h e i l m .
7
ded by IHS Licensee=VSE Corp Specs/9957810104Not for Resale, 02/24/2009 06:53:47 MSTeproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
--```,,``,`,`,,`,,`,,``,,`,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
-
7/25/2019 137974700-MIL-STD-271-Requirments-for-NDT.pdf
21/97
N I L - S T D - 2 7 L F N D m 7 7 7 7 7 3 3
00578L t8
8 m
~~ ~
~~ ~ ~ ~~~
~~
PlIL-STD-271F(SH)
2 7 June 1986
3 .1 .12Radio graph ic nspec t ion. The use ofX-rays nd amma-rays,
o r
b o t h , o d e t e c t d i s c o n t i n u i t i e s n m a t e r i a l by p r e s e n t i n g h e i r im ages on
record ing medium su i t ab le fo r n t er pr e t a t io n by a qua l i f i e d nsp ecto r ( s e e
1 . 5 . 7 ) .
3 .1 .13Rad i og raph i ca l l y i mi l a rmate r ia l s . i a t e r i a l s which ave s im i la r
X-ray o r gamma-ray ab so rp ti on c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s ,r ega rd l e s s o fchemical
compos it on .
3 .1 .14Shie ld ing .Sheet sof eadoro thermater ia lused o bsorb
s c a t t e r e d r a d i a t i o n .
3.1 .15Source. A machine o r ad ioa c t i vema ter ia l which mit s
p e n e t r a t i n g r a d i a t i o n .
3 .1 .16Source- to - f i lmdis tance . The d i s ta nce between the ad ia t ion ourc e
and the f i lm .
3.1.17 Specimen thi ck ne ss
(Ts).
The to ta l h ick nes s ob e a d i o g r a p h e d .
This i s the hic kne ss upon which the s o u r c e - t o - f i l md i s t a n c e i s based,and i s
al s o he h ic kn ess upon whichpenet rameters arebased fors t ruc tura lcas t ings ,
and s t ruc t u ra l we l d s .
3 .2General equirements .The adiographic method of es t in g i s used
fo r de t e rm i n i ng he p re s en ce o f d i s con t i n u i t i e s n a l l f e r rous and non fe r rous
metals.
Radiographic nspect ion pec i f i edhere in
i s
i nt en de d t o a pp ly t o a l l
items r equ i r i ngrad i og raph i c n s pec t i on n compl i ance wi t happ l i cab l e
s pec i f i ca t i ons ,d rawi ngs ,con t r ac t s ,o rpu rchas eor de rs , and oneof the
fo l lowing sha l l be used :
(a) X-raymachine.
(b)ridium-192.
c )
Cobalt -60.
(d)
Cesium-137.
(e ) The us eo fo t he r ad i a t i ons ou rces equ i r e ss pec i f i c NAVSEA
approval .
3 . 2 . 1
Extent of rad iographic nspect ion . A l l procurement ocuments,
d rawi ngs ,o rbo t hs ha l ls pec i fy heex t en to frad iogr aph ic nsp ect ion, when it
i s r equ i r ed .This n form at ion ha l l nc lude he number o fareas and i t ems t o
be rad iogr aph ed , he po in t n fab r ica t ion when rad iographyshal lbeperformed,
t h e q u a l i t y level of inspect ion and theaccep t ance s t anda rd obeapp l i ed .
Drawings spe cifying adi ograp hiccoverage equi rementsshall employ
rad i og raph i c symbols t ha t a r e n acc o rda nce w i t h AWS
A 2 . 4 .
3 . 2 . 1 . 1
RadiographicShootingSketch (RSS) fo r as t i ng s . The ca st in g
d e s i g n e r s h a l l s e l e c t and i den t i fy , nacco rdancewi t h AWS A2.4,areas
requi r ing ad iography on theengineer ingdrawing . The con t rac toro ra c t i v i t y
pe rf or mi ng he ns pe ct ion sh all pr ep ar e he RSS which shows fi lmplacements
and radiat iond i r ec t i ons oas s u readequa t erad i og raph i ccove ragea ss pec i f i ed
by theengineer ingdrawing. The
RSS
s h a l l b eval idat ed by a s ignatu reof a
ce r t i f i e d ad i o g rap h i c n s pe c t o r . The r equ ir emen t s
of
3 .3 .14here inprovide
s pec i f i c de t a i l ed r equ i r e men t s which s ha l l becontained on th e
RSS.
8
.
-
. ~~
-
~~ ~~
.
..
ded by IHS Licensee=VSE Corp Specs/9957810104Not for Resale, 02/24/2009 06:53:47 MSTeproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
--```,,``,`,`,,`,,`,,``,,`,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
-
7/25/2019 137974700-MIL-STD-271-Requirments-for-NDT.pdf
22/97
NIL-STD-271F(SH)
27
June 1986
3 .2 .2Radiographic rocedure .Radiographicnspect ion rocedures
s h a l l c o n t a i na s a minimum, the ol lo wi ngelements :
3 . 2 . 2 . 1 Piinimum rad iog rap hicprocedure equirements .
(a)X-raymachinenformat ion.
1) Model and type
(2)anufacturer
( 3 )F o c a l p o t i z e
4 ) V o l t a g ea t i n g
(b)sotopeourcenformat ion
(1) Type of i s o t ope
(2) ource trength (maximum)
3 ) Sourceimensions
(c)Film rocessingmethods
(d ) e r s onne l ua l i f i ca t i ons
(e)i lmype
( f ) Viewing f a c i l i t i e s
(9)
Fi lmdensi ty equirements ncludingdensi tymeasuringequipment
(h ) Method o fp rov i d i ng i l m den t i f i ca t i on nacco rdancewi t h3 .3 .8
( i ) The r equ i r e men t so f h i s t a n d a r d h a ta p p l y
used
3 .2 .2 .2Surve y f ad iogra -ph ic ac i l i t i es . TheGovernment Inspector
s h a l l p e r f o r m r a d i o g r a p h i c f a c i l i t ie s a n dp r o c e d u r e s u r v e y s o fa c t i v i t i e s o e n s u r e
t h a t h e o r g a n i z a t i o n i s performing rad iographic nspect ion naccordancewi th
t h e e q u i r e m e n t so f h i sst an da rd . The surve ys may beconducted a t 12-month
i n t e rva l s un l e s s he qua l i t y o f r ad i og raph i c pe r fo rmance d i c t a t e s a needfor
more frequentsurvei l l ance . TheGovernment Inspectors h a l lm a i n t a i n
a
recordof
t h e e s u l t s o feach urvey. The re co rd ss h a l l n c l u d es u f f i c i e n t n f o r m a t i o n o
e s t a b l i s h h a t h e a c t i v i t y
i s
performingrad iographic nspect ion naccordance
wi th i t s procedu re and h i s s t anda rd .
3.3Radiographyequirements .
3 .3 .1Di rec t i on f ad i a t i on .Un l es s t he rwi s e pec i f i ed , he
d i r e c t i o n
of
t h e c e n t r a l beam of r a d i a t i o n s h a l l b e a s n e a r l y c e n t r a l t o t h e
ar ea be ing examinedand pe rpend i cu l a r o he s u r f ace o f he f i l m
as
p o s s i b l e .
3 . 3 . 2S c r e e n s , i l t e r s , andmasking.
A l l
radiographs roducedwith
a
source
of
150 kv o r g r ea t e r s h a l l employ a f ro n t andback eadscreen
i n
c o n t a c tw i t h h e i l m . n t e n s i f y i n gs c r e e n sa n d i l t e r ss h a l lb ea s o l l o w s :
(a)
In t ens i fy i ng c reens . Lead ox i d eo r e a d o i l h a l lb eu s e da s
i n t e n s i f y i n gscr ee ns . Lead ox ide ,however, hal lonlybeused
forenergiesbetween
100
and 300 k v. ntim atecontactbetween
the screen s and thef i lmsshouldbemain ta ined dur ingexposure .
0 . 7 FleV org r e a t e r( i n c l u d i n gC o b a l t - 6 0 ) , a l e a d f i l t e r w i t h a
minimum thicknessof0 .010 nchshal lbeplacedbetween
the
specimenand he i lm. The f i l t e r may be oca tede i t h e r n
.
( b )Fr on t i l te rs . When usin gad i a t i on ou rceswi t h ne rg i e s f
ded by IHS Licensee=VSE Corp Specs/9957810104Not for Resale, 02/24/2009 06:53:47 MSTeproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
--```,,``,`,`,,`,,`,,``,,`,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
-
7/25/2019 137974700-MIL-STD-271-Requirments-for-NDT.pdf
23/97
MIL-STD-271F
N D
m 9 9 7 9 3 3 3
0 0 5 9 8 5 0 b
m
PlIL-STD-271F(SH)
2 7 June
1986
th e fi lm ho ld er and may becombined wi th he n t en s i f y i ng
sc r e e n ,o r may be oc at ed i n f r o n to f h e f i l m h o l d e r .
However, i f t h e f i l t e r
i s
l o c a t e d n f r o n t
of
t h e i l mh o l d e r ,
t h e s c r e e n ss h a l lb ep l a c e d nc o n t a c tw i t h h e f i l m ,a s n ( a )
above.
( c ) Back f i l t e r s . Lead f i l t e r s s h a l l beusedbehind he i lmholder
t op r e v e n tsc a t t e r e d a d ia t io n from th e f l o o r , w a l l s ,a i r , o r
o the r u r r ound ingobj ect s f rom fog gin g he i lm . Each hold er
sha l lh a v e a l e a d e t t e r
B a
minimum of 1 / 2 inchhighand a
minimum of 1/ 16 inch h ick pos i t ioned behind he f i lm and
wi th in hea r e ao f i lm obe ea d . When perf orm ingpanoramic
exposures,o ne e ad l e t t e r B may beplaced neachquadrant .
The l e a d e t t e r B i s not equi red or ad iographyofcircum-
f e r e n t i a lwe ldsw i t ha n ns ided ia m e te r e s s ha n
3 / 4
i nc h
which areperformed by thes ing lewa l le xposu r e e c hn ique . f
t he im a ge o f he e t t e r
B
shows a light imageon a dar ker
background, the ad i ogr aph ha l lb e e j e c t e d . A darker image
of t h e l e t t e r
B
on a l ig h te r background
i s
notcause or
re jec t i on provi ded he da rke r image does not n te r fe re wi th he
f i lm e va lua t ion .
3 . 3 . 3
-
i lm . R a d iog r aphs sha ll be made on f in e g r a in , e x t r a - f i ne g r a in
o ru l t r a - f i n eg r a i n ,s a f e t yb a s e i l m .Hi gh -s pe ed , medium orc o a r s eg r a i n
f i l ms sha l l be use d on ly when aut hor i zed by NAVSEA o r i t s author ized repre -
s e n t
a t ve .
3 . 3 . 3 . 1
Fi lm qua l i ty .R a d iog r a phsp r e se n te d o r n t e r p r e t a tion h a l l
be f r e e from b le m is he s o r f i lm a r t i f a c t s whichmigh t mask orbeconfusedwith
defec ts n hemate r ia lbe ingexamined . I f d o u b te x i s t sc o n c e r n i n g h e r u e
n a t u r e o fa n nd ica t ion on the i lm , he a d iog r a phs h a l lb e e j e c t e d .T y p i c a l
b lemishesa reas o l lows:
(a)Foggingcaused by l ig h t eak s n hepro ce ss i ng room or
c a s s e t t e s ,d e f e c t i v es a f e l i g h t s ,ex po su re marks caused by
improperprocessing,orold i lm.
watermarks, orc h e m i c a ls t a i n s .
i n t e ns i f y ing sc r e e ns and the f i lm .
marks, o r s t a t i c e l e c t r i c i t y m ar ks .
l o c a l i z e d a r e a s .
( b )Me c ha n ic a lp r oc e s s ingde f e c t s uc ha s t r e a k ing ,a i rbe l l s ,
(c)Blemishes aused by d i r t nc a s s e t t e s ,pa r t i c u l a r ly be twe e n
(d)Pressureor eadmarks , c ra tches ,gouge s , i nge rmarks , r imp
(e) Lossof de ta i lc a use d bypoor i lm- to-sc reencontac t n
3 . 3 . 3 . 2
Fi lmdens i ty . The de ns i t y ha l lb e 1 . 5 t o 4 . 0 f o rs i n g l e
f i l m
viewingand 2 . 0 t o 4 0 forsuper imposed i lmviewing n heareabeing examined
foracceptance . For cas t ing s and for g in gs , hed e n s i t ys h a l lb e 1 . 5 t o 4 0 i n
the a r e a be ing examined for acce pta nce for bo t h he s in gle andsuperimposed ilm
viewing . When th e hi ck ne sso f hepa r tva r i e