1354590204-kmc(1)

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SUMMARY

Using the biogas from animal by‐products (ABP)

Digestion, the KMC slaughter facility can cover

its heat demand and electricity requirements.

The combined slaughterhouse/biogas plant can

process all animal by‐products which may not be

further utilized such as blood, hind gut, stomach

content and

fat

scrubber

content.

Electricity

produced from biogas can be fed into the national

power grid and the heat delivered to the slaughtering facility. Photo 1: Biogas plant

INTRODUCTION

In accordance with the fast growing population,

the demand for energy and the discharge of waste

are increasing day by day. To overcome the energy

crisis, alternative energy sources are the only

remedy. Generation of energy from waste is

beneficial

in

many

ways.

It

is

most

suitable

for

eco‐

friendly waste disposal and also for energy

generation.

There are two waste treatment systems. One is

centralized and the other is decentralized. In

decentralized waste treatment system, anaerobic

biomethanation / bio gas technology is commonly acceptable. This technology helps to treat the organic

waste hygienically and valuable renewable energy and organic fertilizer can be produced.

– Anaerobic digestion of slaughterhouse wastes (animal by-products).

– 80% of the heat demand in the slaughterhouseis covered by the biogas driven CHP.

– A hot water storage tank uncouples heat supplyfrom heat production.

– In combination wi th geothermal energy the completeheat demand of the slaughterhouse is covered byrenewable energy.

– Reduct ion of disposal costs. – Product ion of a valuable fert il izer.

Biogas from slaughterhouse waste:Towards an energy self-sufficient industry

REC BIOENERGY BIOGAS TECHNOLOGYInformation from REC BIOENERGYTASK Energy from Slaughterhouse

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The biogas technology enables one to produce bio energy in the households by treating the wastes

generated in the houses. This technology is also made applicable for treating the wastes produced from

public places like markets, slaughter houses, hotels, convents etc and for generating electricity without

causing any

pollution

to

the

atmosphere.

BIOMETHANISATION

TECHNOLOGY

Biomethanisation is a universally accepted and proven technology for Bio energy generation from bio

wastes. It is very simple and user friendly. Through the adoption of biomethanisation technology all

degradable wastes can be treated with the help of different types of anaerobic bacteria / microbes in a

concealed chamber / digester. Treated biomaterials, coming out from the digester in the form of liquid

or solid can be used as a very good organic fertilizer

BIOPOWER

GENERATION

Biogas technology, the generation of a combustible gas from anaerobic

biomass digestion

is

a well

‐known

technology.

There

are

already

millions

of biogas plants in operation throughout the world.

Whereas using the gas for direct combustion in household stoves or gas

lamps is common, producing electricity from biogas is still relatively rare

in most developing countries.

Theoretically, biogas can be converted directly into electricity using a

fuel cell. However, very clean gas and an expensive fuel cell is necessary

for this process. This is therefore still a matter for research and is

currently

not

a

practical

option

Today, experience of the use of combustion motors to produce electricity from biogas is extensive; this

can be regarded as a proven standard technology.

Over 4,000 biogas plants with internal combustion motors are in

operation in Germany. However, it has taken lengthy and determined

effort to make this technology as durable and reliable as it is today.

The technologies of anaerobic fermentation and electricity generation

from the resulting biogas have been well known for a long time. Such

particularly for sanitation plants have been in operation for many years

purposes.

In Kenya, Tanzania and neighbouring countries, biogas is traditionally

used in small and very small installations for providing household energy

and for supplying social institutions with gas as fuel for cooking, heating and lighting. With GTZ, GVEP,

HIVOS SNV support, several thousand small and medium‐size plants have been installed from 1983 on.

However, potentials for industrial biogas and electricity generation in East Africa remain largely

untapped. This is despite the need to scale up electricity generation in Kenya to bridge the huge

production demand gap.

BIOGAS TECHNOLOGY Information from REC BIOENERGY TASK Energy from Slaughterhouse

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Kenya

Meat

Commission

Using the biogas from animal by‐products (ABP) Digestion, the KMC slaughter facility can cover its heat

demand and electricity requirements.

Kenya Meat

Commission

huge

slaughter

capacity

of

1,000

large

animals

per

day

and

1,500

small

stocks

per day in Nairobi produces a huge amount of waste and by‐products which may not be further utilized

such as blood, hind gut, stomach content and fat scrubber content.

A proposed combined feedstock biogas plant can produce Electricity and Heat Energy.

The produced Electricity from biogas

can be fed into the national power

grid and the heat delivered to the

slaughtering facility.

The

Proposal

In pursuit of aforementioned

opportunities, REC is desirous to

partner with you in an equal

opportunity endeavour to produce

biogas from slaughter waste so as to

reduce to an extent the stress on

resources and ecological crisis that is

unfolding in the region due to global

warming.

The development of affordable,

inexhaustible and clean energy

technologies will

have

huge

longer

‐

term benefits. It will increase

countries’ energy security through reliance on an indigenous, inexhaustible and mostly import‐

independent resource, enhance sustainability, reduce pollution, lower the costs of mitigating climate

change, and keep fossil fuel prices lower than otherwise.

This will also go towards an energy self ‐sufficient industry.

Please contact the undersigned for further corroboration on this area.

Mr. Patrick Thimba – CEO -Africa Bio

Tel +254 (0)203559151Cel+254 722 710 526

[email protected]

Director – Renewable Energy Consortium

Mr. Charles Kimani – MD-Rokim group

Tel +254 (0) 2073814

Cel+254 719 [email protected]

Director – Renewable Energy Consortium


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ELECTRICITY

FROM

BIOGAS

Case

Study

A significant chance to utilize biomass in Kenya is the exploitation of biogas produced in the biological

treatment plants in which a part of the produced biogas is used to cover heating requirements during

the biological

treatment

processes

and

another

is

used

in

the

CHP

plant.

One such example is the CHP plant on biogas in the wastewater treatment plant Psyttaleia serving the

capital city of Athens both situated on a small island located at 1500 m distance from the mainland

coastline. The biogas is being produced from the sludge digesters at a daily rate of 72 000 Nm³/day and

can be used for producing 64 GWh of useful energy per year.

The project includes biogas burning in specially designed turbines for electricity production, and the

associated heat coming from the flue gas and the cooling water circuit of the turbines which will be used

for sludge heating (inside the digesters) and drying (of the final product).

The produced electrical energy will be consumed for satisfying the site consumption, and any surplus

energy will be sold directly to the grid.

Results

The environmental benefits arising from the realization of this project are significant in terms of air

emission reduction. The daily methane (CH4) emissions will be reduced from 20 000 Nm³ to 0,2 Nm³,

hydrocarbons emissions from 120 Nm³ to 0,2 Nm³ when carbon monoxide (CO) will be held below 650

mg/m³ and NOx below 500 mg/ m³. In addition to the reduced or avoided air emissions a significant

reduction of solid wastes volume will be realized as dewatering and sludge drying will help in reducing its

volume by a factor of 0,8.

Lessons

learned

and

repeatability

During the design and construction phase a number of issues have been raised which are briefly

described below.

At

the

early

stages

of

the

project

significant

issues

arose

as

this

was

the

first

power

plant of that kind ever installed in Greece and in addition the nominal power output was quite

significant. The solution given was to send EYDAP personnel abroad to UK and Denmark where they had

accumulated experience from existing similar type power plants. The location of the power plant and the

wastewater treatment facility is quite unique as they are both situated on a small island located at 1500

m distance from the mainland coastline. Although part of the electrical energy production is consumed

locally for the site needs, the energy surplus, which is a significant part of the overall production, is sold

to the grid. This itself created a significant technical barrier, which had to be overcome namely the

construction of an underwater cable connecting the island with the grid at the mainland and the

associated control system. A underwater cable connection was constructed with an XLP insulated 355

cable and

a second

one

3x

120

with

paper

insulation.

Initially

a small

building

was

constructed

on

the

island containing the hardware necessary for system control, and in addition for coupling and

synchronizing the generation facility with the grid. At a later stage PPC (the Public Power Company which

was at that time the grid sole owner and supervisor) requested a second similar facility to be constructed

at the mainland; a request, which was also fulfilled from EYDAP. PPC also constructed a cable connection

between a nearby combined‐cycle natural gas fed power plant and the control centre located at the

mainland which made possible to control the whole island based generation system from distance (i.e.

the system is now fully automated and unmanned).


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