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The International Journal Of Management

1 Vol 3 Issue 1 ( January, 2014) www.theijm.com

Study on the Impact of

Human Resource Management Practices in Construction Industry

Introduction

1. General

Human Resource Management or HRM is the process of managing people in a company/firm as well as managing the existinginterpersonal relationships. These two processes are key in the success and growth of a business. Human resource management is

the management process of an organization's workforce, or human resources. It is responsible for the attraction, selection, training,

assessment, and rewarding of employees, while also overseeing organizational leadership and culture and ensuring compliancewith employment and labor laws. HR now focuses on strategic initiatives like mergers and acquisitions, talent management,succession planning, industrial and labor relations, and diversity and inclusion. In startup companies, HR's duties may be

performed by trained professionals. In larger companies, an entire functional group is typically dedicated to the discipline, with

staff specializing in various HR tasks and functional leadership engaging in strategic decision making across the business. Theultimate focus of HRM is the people within an organization. Regular planning, monitoring and evaluation are important for the

success of HRM. Successful implementation ensures that all employees know their role, career path and also feel part of anorganization which is able to manage and reconcile their expectations as well as those of the organization and its objectives.

The primary objective of this research is to study the impact of human resource management practices among constructionlaborers and to identify the current scenario followed in human resource management in Civil Engineering field and finally

analyzing the factors affecting human resource management system in the construction industry.

ISSN 2277- 5846

THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT

B. Vijay Antony RajII Year M.E., (CEM), Department of Civil Engineering, Kongu Engineering College, Erode, India

P. S. Kothai

Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Kongu Engineering College, Erode, India

Abstract:

The process of attracting, developing and maintaining a talented and energetic workforce to support organizational mission,

objectives and strategies is the ultimate aim of human resource management. HRM is the process of finding out what people

want from their work, what an organization wants from its employees, and then matching these two sets of needs. The purpose

of this research is to improve management strategies, decrease the mismatch between required and available skilled labor

and to discuss the consequences of ignoring the interests of craftsmen. Perhaps most important, the consultants can provide

the supervisor and crew with the training that will yield the greatest productivity improvements. Productivity is a serious

issue for the construction industry, which because of its large size has a dramatic impact on the economy. Productivityremains an intriguing subject and a dominant issue in the construction sector, promising cost savings and efficient usage of

resources. This project is done in the identification of factors irrespective to labor. Based on those factors a questionnaire

has been prepared in labor's point of view. In this thesis , questionnaire survey has been conducted with various companiesamong 50 labors and using SPSS software their response have been extracted for studying the impact of human resource

management practices on productivity and financial performance in the construction industry and appropriate solution was

given for all impacts.

Key words:Human resource management, Labors, Engineers, Entrepreneurs, Response, Analysis

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1.1. Need For Human Resource Management

To improve the quality of human resource management practices.

To decrease the total cost and duration of the project.

To eliminate unnecessary labor cost involved in the construction

1.2. Objective

To study the impact of human resource management among construction laborers.

To identify the current scenario followed in human resource management in Civil Engineering field.

2. Research Methodology

2.1. Methodology Adopted

Figure 1

2.2. Factors Identification

There are some factors which influence HRM at a greater level. These factors were identified based on personal analysis andliterature study. Personal analyses of construction project managers were done.

2.3. Factors Irrespective To Labours

Physical Factors

Site congestion factor will never enable the labor to do work in a comfortable manner and overtime work will not give

good productivity in any job. In most of the cases design complexity will affect the speed of work.

Economic Factors

On time payment should be done right at the time when the work is accomplished. Discontinuity of work schedule will

affect labors financial status and sufficient amount of pay should be given to labor.

Psychological Factors

Psychological factors deals will many parameters. In civil Engineering point of view , In recent years the culturaldifference is making the worker to work uncomfortably and work satisfaction with respect to job is very much

necessary.

Organizational Factors

Quality of work is good/maintained infirm. Sufficient Crew size should be provided by the firm for accomplishing thetask. Accommodation and food should be maintained in a better manner by the top manager.

Environmental Factors

It is very clear to mention that climatic condition will affect the working performance but the firm is the primarilyresponsible for resolving HVAC problems to labor. The project manager and the site supervisor should always maintain

the site condition in a good manner.

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Design Factors

Innovative design methodology creates discomfort in the work but proper training approach will eradicate this problem.

It is must say that violation of code practices by the firm should be totally abolished only the design problems wont

occur.

Material Factors

It is necessary to supply quality materials by the firm at any cost but in some cases desolate materials are used in small

scale firms. Another serious problem is the co-workers are mishandling the materials due to lack of training.

Equipment Factors

Usage of mechanical equipments for an prolonged period of time is still found in most of the firms and due to this factorequipment malfunctioning will take place oftenly.It is necessary to have proper maintenance of equipment and proper

training for operating equipments to the labors.

Project Factors

Sufficient men and materials are not found in some working site due to this factor the time period for accomplishing a

work is delayed. A good transportation facility should be provided by the firm to the labors.

External Factors

Political / Governmental problems often aroused in some firms and due to this work schedule is disturbed .In small scale

firms, resources are managed in an improper manner whereas in partnership based firms contractual conflicts are found.

3. Data Collection And Analysis

3.1. General

Various datas have been collected for designing the questionnaire. A translated questionnaire in Tamil language has been

prepared, for the labors for convenient purpose.

3.2. Questionnaire Design

The design of questionnaire was done based on the analysis made in various literatures reviews. The design of questionnaire wasdone based on the factors to be considered irrespective to labours.

3.3. Questionnaire Survey

The prepared Questionnaire on human resource management in Construction industry is distributed to 50 labors and their response

have been extracted Responses from all three levels (large scale, medium scale and small scale) of companies are equallydistributed.

3.4. Data Collection

The answered questionnaires were collected and the answers were ranked in order to obtain statistical data from the theoretical

options. Ranking should be based on scale type. As five point scale was adopted, rank 1 represents the strongly disagree factor and

rank 5 represents the strongly agree. In our case neutral point is suggested as rank 3. The neutral point represents neither positivenor negative condition, the frequency of respondents, that is, for every factor respondents view may vary. The variation in views

can be obtained through the answers from questionnaire survey.

3.5. Data Analysis Using Statistical Tool

SPSS Statistics is a software package used for statistical analysis. Long produced by SPSS Inc., it was acquired by IBM in 2009,

and current versions are officially named IBM SPSS Statistics. Companion products in the same family are used for surveyauthoring and deployment (IBM SPSS Data Collection), data mining (IBM SPSS Modeler), text analytics, and collaboration and

deployment (batch and automated scoring services).

SPSS is among the most widely used programs for statistical analysis in social science. It is used by market researchers, healthresearchers, survey companies, government, education researchers, marketing organizations, and others. The original SPSS

manual (Nie, Bent & Hull, 1970) has been described as one of "sociology's most influential books" for allowing ordinaryresearchers to do their own statistical analysis.

4. Results And DiscussionSPSS 17, a statistical tool is used to analyze the obtained data from Questionnaire. The values should be labeled in variable view

of SPSS and the obtained data should be filled in data view. Here, column values represent each factor considered and row valuesrepresent data from each questionnaire.

4.1. Frequency Of Response

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1.0 Age Factor

PARAMETER FREQUENCY PERCENT VALID PERCENT CUMULATIVE PERCENT

< 18 YEARS 1 2.0 2.0 2.0

18-30 YEARS 15 30.0 30.0 32.0

30-40 YEARS 21 42.0 42.0 74.0

>40 YEARS 13 26.0 26.0 100.0

TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -

2.0 Average Working Hours/Day

< 8 HOURS 3 6.0 6.0 6.0

8 - 10 HOURS 46 92.0 92.0 98.0

10-12 HOURS 1 2.0 2.0 100.0

TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -

3.0 Average Working Hours You Can Do / Day

< 8 HOURS 11 22.0 22.0 22.0

8-10 HOURS 8 16.0 16.0 38.0

10-12 HOURS 19 38.0 38.0 76.0

12-16 HOURS 12 24.0 24.0 100.0

TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -

Physical Factors

4.0 Site Congestion Factor Enables Labors To Do Work In Uncomfortable Manner.

STRONGLYDISAGREE

2 4.0 4.0 4.0

DISAGREE 10 20.0 20.0 24.0

NEUTRAL 5 10.0 10.0 34.0

AGREE 20 40.0 40.0 74.0

STRONGLY AGREE 13 26.0 26.0 100.0

TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -

5.0 Over Time Work Will Not Give Good Productivity In An Job

STRONGLYDISAGREE

2 4.0 4.0 4.0

DISAGREE 16 32.0 32.0 36.0

NEUTRAL 4 8.0 8.0 44.0

AGREE 17 34.0 34.0 78.0

STRONGLY AGREE 11 22.0 22.0 100.0

TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -

6.0 Design Complexity Will Affect The Speed Of Work

STRONGLYDISAGREE

3 6.0 6.0 6.0

DISAGREE 11 22.0 22.0 28.0

NEUTRAL 20 40.0 40.0 68.0

AGREE 11 22.0 22.0 90.0

STRONGLY AGREE 5 10.0 10.0 100.0

TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -

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Economic Factors

7.0 Incentive/Financial Rewards Are Provided By The Firm In A Better Manner.

STRONGLY

DISAGREE

4 8.0 8.0 8.0

DISAGREE 7 14.0 14.0 22.0

NEUTRAL 20 40.0 40.0 62.0

AGREE 16 32.0 32.0 94.0STRONGLY AGREE 3 6.0 6.0 100.0

TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -

8.0 On Time Payment Is Done Right At The Time When The Work Is Accomplished.

STRONGLYDISAGREE

3 6.0 6.0 6.0

DISAGREE 7 14.0 14.0 20.0

NEUTRAL 19 38.0 38.0 58.0

AGREE 14 28.0 28.0 86.0


TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -9.0 Discontinuity Of Work Schedule Is Affecting Your Financial Status

STRONGLYDISAGREE

6 12.0 12.0 12.0

DISAGREE 8 16.0 16.0 28.0

NEUTRAL 17 34.0 34.0 62.0

AGREE 12 24.0 24.0 86.0


TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -

10.0 Amount Of Pay Is Enough For Your Job

STRONGLYDISAGREE

3 6.0 6.0 6.0

DISAGREE 6 12.0 12.0 18.0

NEUTRAL 22 44.0 44.0 62.0

AGREE 11 22.0 22.0 84.0


TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -

PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS

11.0 CULTURAL DIFFERENCE IS MAKING YOU TO WORK UNCOMFORTABLY.

STRONGLYDISAGREE

6 12.0 12.0 12.0

DISAGREE 8 16.0 16.0 28.0

NEUTRAL 17 34.0 34.0 62.0

AGREE 15 30.0 30.0 92.0


TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -

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12.0 WORK SATISFACTION IS GOOD IN YOUR JOB

DISAGREE 8 16.0 16.0 16.0

NEUTRAL 26 52.0 52.0 68.0

AGREE 10 20.0 20.0 88.0


TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -

13.0 Firm Is Allowing Workers To Take Part In Decision Making

STRONGLYDISAGREE

2 4.0 4.0 4.0

DISAGREE 12 24.0 24.0 28.0

NEUTRAL 23 46.0 46.0 74.0

AGREE 11 22.0 22.0 96.0


TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -

Organizational Factors

14.0 Quality Of Work Is Good/Maintained In Your Firm

STRONGLY

DISAGREE

4 8.0 8.0 8.0

DISAGREE 7 14.0 14.0 22.0

NEUTRAL 18 36.0 36.0 58.0

AGREE 12 24.0 24.0 82.0


TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -

15.0 FIRM IS PROVIDING SYSTEMATIC FLOW OF WORK

STRONGLY

DISAGREE

2 4.0 4.0 4.0

DISAGREE 9 18.0 18.0 22.0

NEUTRAL 24 48.0 48.0 70.0AGREE 11 22.0 22.0 92.0


TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -

16.0 CREW SIZE IS ENOUGH FOR ACCOMPLISHING THE TASK GIVEN TO YOU.

STRONGLYDISAGREE

6 12.0 12.0 12.0

DISAGREE 12 24.0 24.0 36.0

NEUTRAL 16 32.0 32.0 68.0

AGREE 11 22.0 22.0 90.0


TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -

17.0 Accommodation And Food Is Good In Your Firm

STRONGLY

DISAGREE

3 6.0 6.0 6.0

DISAGREE 6 12.0 12.0 18.0

NEUTRAL 26 52.0 52.0 70.0

AGREE 9 18.0 18.0 88.0


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TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -

Environmental Factors

18.0 Climatic Condition Will Affect Your Working Performance

STRONGLYDISAGREE

2 4.0 4.0 4.0

DISAGREE 17 34.0 34.0 38.0

NEUTRAL 7 14.0 14.0 52.0AGREE 18 36.0 36.0 88.0


TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -

19.0 FIRM IS RESOLVING HVAC PROBLEMS TO LABORS

STRONGLY

DISAGREE

4 8.0 8.0 8.0

DISAGREE 18 36.0 36.0 44.0

NEUTRAL 15 30.0 30.0 74.0

AGREE 9 18.0 18.0 92.0

STRONGLY AGREE 4 8.0 8.0 100.0TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -

20.0 Site Condition Is Always Maintained By The Firm In A Better Manner

STRONGLYDISAGREE

7 14.0 14.0 14.0

DISAGREE 13 26.0 26.0 40.0

NEUTRAL 18 36.0 36.0 76.0

AGREE 11 22.0 22.0 98.0


TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -

Design Factors

21.0 Innovative Design Methodology Creates You Discomfort In Your Work

STRONGLYDISAGREE

4 8.0 8.0 8.0

DISAGREE 8 16.0 16.0 24.0

NEUTRAL 8 16.0 16.0 40.0

AGREE 22 44.0 44.0 84.0


TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -

22.0 Constructional Errors/Faults Are Commonly Done By Labors

STRONGLYDISAGREE

2 4.0 4.0 4.0

DISAGREE 4 8.0 8.0 12.0

NEUTRAL 36 72.0 72.0 84.0

AGREE 7 14.0 14.0 98.0


TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -

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23.0 Violation Of Code Practices Is Done In Your Firm

STRONGLYDISAGREE

1 2.0 2.0 2.0

DISAGREE 3 6.0 6.0 8.0

NEUTRAL 23 46.0 46.0 54.0

AGREE 15 30.0 30.0 84.0

STRONGLY AGREE 8 16.0 16.0 100.0TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -

Material Factors

24.0 Quality Materials Are Provided To You By The Firm

STRONGLYDISAGREE

1 2.0 2.0 2.0

DISAGREE 6 12.0 12.0 14.0

NEUTRAL 16 32.0 32.0 46.0

AGREE 20 40.0 40.0 86.0


TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -25.0 In Some Cases Desolate Materials Are Used In Your Construction Site

STRONGLYDISAGREE

2 4.0 4.0 4.0

DISAGREE 12 24.0 24.0 28.0

NEUTRAL 14 28.0 28.0 56.0

AGREE 13 26.0 26.0 82.0


TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -

26.0 Co-Workers Are Mishandling The Materials Due To Lack Of Training

STRONGLYDISAGREE

3 6.0 6.0 6.0

DISAGREE 7 14.0 14.0 20.0

NEUTRAL 10 20.0 20.0 40.0

AGREE 17 34.0 34.0 74.0

STRONGLY AGREE 13 26.0 26.0 100.0

TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0

Equipment Factors

27.0 In Firm, For A Prolonged Period Of Time Mechanical Equipments Are Used Without Rest.

STRONGLYDISAGREE

2 4.0 4.0 4.0

DISAGREE 8 16.0 16.0 20.0

NEUTRAL 19 38.0 38.0 58.0

AGREE 8 16.0 16.0 74.0

STRONGLY AGREE 13 26.0 26.0 100.0

TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -

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28.0 Equipment Malfunctioning Takes Place Often In Your Site

STRONGLY

DISAGREE

3 6.0 6.0 6.0

DISAGREE 15 30.0 30.0 36.0

NEUTRAL 9 18.0 18.0 54.0

AGREE 16 32.0 32.0 86.0


TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -

29.0 Poor Maintenance Of Equipment Is Done In Your Firm

STRONGLYDISAGREE

4 8.0 8.0 8.0

DISAGREE 5 10.0 10.0 18.0

NEUTRAL 22 44.0 44.0 62.0

AGREE 13 26.0 26.0 88.0


TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -

30.0 Firm Provides You Training For Operating Equipments

STRONGLYDISAGREE

2 4.0 4.0 4.0

DISAGREE 9 18.0 18.0 22.0

NEUTRAL 34 68.0 68.0 90.0

AGREE 3 6.0 6.0 96.0


TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -

PROJECT FACTORS

31.0 ENOUGH MEN AND MATERIALS ARE FOUND IN YOUR SITE.

STRONGLYDISAGREE

1 2.0 2.0 2.0

DISAGREE 6 12.0 12.0 14.0

NEUTRAL 20 40.0 40.0 54.0

AGREE 19 38.0 38.0 92.0


TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -

32.0 Time Period Of Performing/Accomplishing A Work Is Given In An Optimum Manner By The Firm.

STRONGLY

DISAGREE

3 6.0 6.0 6.0

DISAGREE 13 26.0 26.0 32.0

NEUTRAL 19 38.0 38.0 70.0AGREE 11 22.0 22.0 92.0


TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -

33.0 Firm Provides You Good Transportation Facility

DISAGREE 9 18.0 18.0 18.0

NEUTRAL 20 40.0 40.0 58.0

AGREE 19 38.0 38.0 96.0

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TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -

External Factor

34.0 Political / Governmental Problems Often Arise In Your Site.

STRONGLY

DISAGREE

5 10.0 10.0 10.0

DISAGREE 3 6.0 6.0 16.0NEUTRAL 34 68.0 68.0 84.0

AGREE 8 16.0 16.0 100.0

TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -

35.0 Resources Are Managed In An Improper Manner By The Firm.

STRONGLY

DISAGREE

3 6.0 6.0 6.0

DISAGREE 7 14.0 14.0 20.0

NEUTRAL 8 16.0 16.0 36.0

AGREE 23 46.0 46.0 82.0


TOTAL 50 100.0 100.0 -36.0 Contractual Conflicts Are Found In Your Working Site

STRONGLYDISAGREE

5 10.0 10.0 10.0

DISAGREE 9 18.0 18.0 28.0

NEUTRAL 13 26.0 26.0 54.0

AGREE 13 26.0 26.0 80.0

STRONGLY AGREE 10 20.0 20.0 100.0

Table 1

Figure 2 Figure 3

Figure 4 Figure 5

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Figure 6 Figure 7

Figure 8 Figure 9

Figure 10 Figure 11

Figure 12 Figure 13

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Figure 14 Figure 15

Figure 16 Figure 17

Figure 18 Figure 19

Figure 20 Figure 21

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Figure 22 Figure 23

Figure 24 Figure 25

Figure 26 Figure 27

Figure 28 Figure 29

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Figure 30 Figure 31

Figure 32 Figure 33

Figure 34 Figure 35

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Figure 36 Figure 37

5. Conclusion and Recommendations

From the response attained from various labors in many construction sites, the following are some of the inferences made from theobtained results which possess >50% impacts.

66 % of the people fairly agree that site congestion is creating them to work uncomfortably and 24 % of people

disagreeing this statement but 10% of people gave a neutral answer for this factor. However this explains that sitecongestion will reduce the productivity of a labour in high range.

56 % of the people fairly agree that that over time work will not give good productivity in their job and 36 % of peopledisagrees this particular statement but 8 % of the people answers neutrally for this statement. However work has to be

allotted based on the performance level of the worker.

52 % of people neutrally answers that they possess good satisfaction in their work and 32 % of people agrees thisstatement but 16 % of people states that they didnt get work satisfaction in their job. So, the proper job satisfactory

method has to be handled by the firm in such cases.

54% of people agree that their firm is providing quality materials for construction, 32% of people answers neutrally tothis statement and the balance 14% of people disagree this statement. Thus it is the primary duty of all firms to provide

good quality materials for construction.

60% of the people agrees that their co-workers are mishandling materials due to lack of training and 20% of peopleanswers neutrally to this statement but the balance 20% of people disagrees this statement.Thus,sufficient training isessential to labours for handling materials in an proper manner.

64% of people agree that in their firm resources are managed in an improper manner and 20% of people disagree withthis statement and the balance 16% of people answers neutrally. Thus, the project manager is primarily responsible for

managing resources in a proper way.

6. References

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12. Gratton, L., Hailey, V., Stiles, P., and Truss, C., eds. (1999) Strategic human resource management, Oxford University

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18. Maloney, W. F. _(1997)_. Strategic planning for human resource management in construction. J. Manage. Eng.,13_3_, 4956.

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Bulletin of engineering tome iv ISSN 2067-3809. Identifying ways to improve productivity at the construction

industry

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21. SerdarDurdyev and Jasper Mbachu, (Massey University, New Zealand) (2010) On Site Labour Productivity Of New

Zealand Construction Industry.22. Stefanie G. Brandenburg; Carl T. Haas, F.ASCE; and Keith Byrom (1990)Strategic Management of Human Resources

in Construction.23. Takashi Goso, KoheiImoto (2010)Kochi University of Technology Development and improvement of labor

productivity assessment system.24. Valentinaprosperi (sept. 2009) Labour Relations In The Construction Industrya case study from Delhi.

25. Wright, P. M., McCormick, B., Sherman, S., and McMahan, G. _(1996)_. The role of human resource practices inpetro-chemical refinery performance. Proc. 1996 Academy of Management Meeting, Briarcliff Manor, N.Y

7. List of Publications

Presented the paper titled STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT INCONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY in the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Technology

ICETET 2013 On4th 5

th, October 2013 at Munnar organised by Business management research (BMR)

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Table 2

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Table 3

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Table 4

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Table 5

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Figure 38

Figure 39

Figure 40

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Figure 41

Figure 42

Figure 43

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