Thunderstorms Chap. 13 Thunderstorms Severe Weather Tropical Storms Recurring Weather.
13.1 Thunderstorms
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Transcript of 13.1 Thunderstorms
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13.1 Thunderstorms
Pages 328 - 333
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Goal 1
Describe the 3 conditions required for thunderstorms to
form
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Requirement # 1
Abundant moisture in the lower atmosphere
Image credit: steamy window by lyle58 on Flickr
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Requirement # 2
Mechanism to lift moist air up for condensation to occur
Image credit: Arrow up the tree by net_efekt on Flickr
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Requirement # 3
Unstable atmosphere
Image credit: May be Unstable by Ann Douglas on Flickr
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Goal 2
Relate types of thunderstorms to their uplift mechanism
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• Mountain thunderstorm– Uplift mechanism air mass convection
• May be assisted by orographic lift– Sunlit mountain surface warms air– Warm air rises to create thunderstorm– Usually occur in afternoon, after sufficient
warming
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Image credit: “Storm clouds a’ Brewin” by Abu on Flickr
Mountain Thunderstorm
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• Sea-Breeze thunderstorm– Uplift mechanism air mass convection– Sun warms land faster than water– Warm land air rises– Cool sea-breeze replaces warm air causing a
convection current– Rising air produces thunderstorms– Often occur in summer afternoons
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Sea Breeze Thunderstorms
Image credit: NOAA, image is public domain (government)
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• Frontal thunderstorm– Uplift mechanism air mass collision– Cold front advancement– Line of storm formation at frontal boundary– More common in summer months– Can occur at any time of day
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Frontal Thunderstorms
Image credit: Beau Dodson, educational use permission can be seen at: http://www.weatherphotography.net/index.html
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• Rare warm-front thunderstorm– These can occur if the warm air mass has a
high moisture content
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Goal 3
Relate the 3 stages in the life cycle of thunderstorm to the
direction of air flow
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• 1. Cumulus Stage– Updrafts of warm air rising– Moisture transported up– Condensation occurs– Latent heat relseased = more rising– Coalescence of raindrops
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• 2. Maturation Stage– Updrafts and downdrafts occur equally– Cold air sinking– Rain falling– Warm air still rising– Windy
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• 3. Dissipation Stage– Downdrafts of cool air falling– Storm loses energy, no more air rising– No new precipitation forming– Remaining rain falls from storm
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Image credit: NOAA, image is public domain (government)