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23 October 2012
Yip Tai Yin
12211044
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Introdution of RFID
Application
Survey Result
Future developm
entandopportuni
ties
Conclusion
23 October 2012
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RFID = Radio Frequency Identification
Electronic labeling and wireless identification of objects using radio frequency
Tag carries with its information a serial number
Model number
Color or any other imaginable data
When these tags pass through a field generated by a compatible reader, they transmit this information back to the reader, thereby identifying the object
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A basic RFID system consists of these components:
A programmable RFID tag/inlay for storing item data; consisting of
an RFID chip for data storage
an antenna to facilitate communication with the RFID chip
A reader/antenna system to interrogate the RFID inlay
Application software and a host computer system
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Frequency Appx. Read
Range
Data Speed Cost of Tags Application
Low Frequency (125kHz) <5cm
(passive)
Low High • Animal Identification
• Access Control
High Frequency (13.56 Mhz) 10 cm – 1m
(passive)
Low to
Moderate
Medium to
Low
• Smart Cards
• Payment (paywave)
Ultra High Frequency (433,
868-928 Mhz)
3m -7m
(passive)
Moderate to
High
Low • Logistics and Supply
Chain
• Baggage Tracking
Microwave (2.45 & 5.8 Ghz) 10m -15m
(passive)
20m – 40m
(active)
High High • Electronic toll collection
(Auto toll)
• Container Tracking
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The RFID tag consists of an integrated circuit (IC) embedded in a thin film medium.
Information stored in the memory of the RFID chip is transmitted by the antenna circuit embedded in the RFID inlay via radio frequencies, to an RFID reader
3 types
Passive
Semi-passive
Active
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Active Tags
• Use a battery
• communicate over distances of several meters
Semi-passive Tags
• Contain built-in batteries to power the chip’s circuitry, resist interference and circumvent a lack of power from the reader signal due to long distance.
• They are different from active tags in that they only transmit data at the time a response is received
Passive Tags
• Derive their power from the field generated by the reader
• without having an active transmitter to transfer the information stored
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Application
Segment
Representative Applications Competitive Technologies Current
Penetration
Typical Tag
Type
Access Control Doorway entry Other keyless entry
technologies
High Passive
Asset Tracking Locating tractors within a freight
yard
None Low Active
Asset Tagging Tracking corporate computing
systems
Bar Code Low Passive
Authentication Luxury goods counterfeit
prevention
Holograms Low Passive
Baggage Tracking Positive bag matching Bar Code, Optical Character
Recognition
Low Passive
POS Applications SpeedPass Credit Cards, Smart Cards,
Wireless Phones
Medium Passive
SCM (Container
Level)
Tracking containers in shipping
terminals
GPS-based Systems Low Active
SCM (Pallet Level) Tracking palletized shipments Bar Code Minimal Active,
Passive
SCM (Item Level) Identifying individual items Bar Code Minimal Passive
Vehicle
Identification
Electronic toll collection Bar Code, License plate,
reader systems
Medium Active,
Passive
Vehicle
Immobilizers
Automotive ignition systems Other theft prevention
technologies
High Passive
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Credit Cards with RFID
(Paywave function)
Octopus (Smart Card)
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Autotoll (Electronic toll collection)
Access Control
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Target: SME
Information: Opinion on RFID and its applications
Site:
http://qtrial.qualtrics.com/SE/?SID=SV_9N5UPRZuyuWtsk4
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Logistics and Supply Chain
Management20%
Pharmaceutic
manufacturing industries15%
Library Management21%
Inventory Control
10%
Document Management8%
Security8%
Customer Services5%
Hotel Management
5%
Banking and Finance5%
Social Services
3%
Other
18%
Types of industries that respondents think it is possible to apply RFID technology
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In medical uses and library management
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Positive
RFID is a contactless reading technology and can read through other materials
Hold more data than barcode does
RFID tags data can be changed or added
More effective, bring lots of convenience to us
Negative
Cost is relatively remain high (compare to barcode)
RFID signals may have problems with some materials
RFID standards are still being developed