Trends in Energy Codes

Shawn MartinShawn MartinPlumbing Mechanical and Fuel Gas (PMG)International Code Council

HVACR and Plumbing WorkshopMarch 25, 2010

Topics

• About the ICC• Model Codes• International Energy Conservation • International Energy Conservation

Code Fundamentals• Trends in the IECC

About the ICCAbout the ICC

Who we are and what we do.

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VISION:To protect the health, safety and welfare of people by creating better buildings and safer communities

NotNot--forfor--profit Memberprofit Member--Driven AssociationDriven Association

•• 50,000 members50,000 members•• 350+ chapters350+ chapters•• 300+ staff300+ staff

ICC - BUILT ON A SOLID FOUNDATION

� Two centuries of collective experience

� A history of support for public safety

BOCA

for public safety � Widespread

recognition and reliance throughout the U.S. and the world.

ICBO

SBCCI

ICC

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ICC’s Products and Activities

Standards

Laboratory

Accreditation

Education &

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Code Development

Product Certification

Education & Certification

ICC’s Family of Building Codes

• International Building Code (IBC)• International Residential Code (IRC)• International Fire Code (IFC)• International Energy Conservation Code (IECC)• International Plumbing Code (IPC)• International Private Sewage Disposal Code (IPSDC)• International Private Sewage Disposal Code (IPSDC)• International Mechanical Code (IMC)• International Fuel Gas Code (IFGC)• International Wildland-Urban Interface Code (IWUIC)• International Existing Building Code (IEBC)• International Property Maintenance Code (IPMC)• International Zoning Code (IZC)• International Green Construction Code (IGCC)

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Model CodesModel Codes

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Building Codes Defined

“Set of standards established and enforced by local government for the structural safety of buildings.”

Princeton University WordNet

“Gangster who built world's tallest log cabin”, Telegraph, March 7, 2007

“A set of rules that specify the minimum acceptable level of safety for constructed objects such as buildings and nonbuilding structures.”

Wikipedia

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Building Codes in the U.S.

U.S. Constitution’s Tenth Amendment gives states rights to legislate to protect:� Public health � Safety� Welfare

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State Adoptions and Delegations

Colorado Virginia

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� No two states are alike� Can be pre-empted and delegated� 40,000+ political subdivisions enforce

codes

What is a Model Code?

� A building code that is developed and maintained by an organization independent of the jurisdiction responsible for enacting the building code.� No force of law – must be adopted by jurisdiction.� Avoids “Reinventing the Wheel” in each state.� Involves nationwide experts to reflect diverse views and state of

the art.� Utilizes consensus development process� Open� Transparent� Balance of Interest� Due Process

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Code ChangesSubmitted

Code Development

Code ChangesPosted

Final ActionHearing

New EditionPublished

ICC CODE DEVELOPMENTDevelopment

Hearing

Public CommentsSought on PublicHearing Results

Public CommentsPosted

Public Hearing Results Posted

DEVELOPMENTCYCLE

Local Amendments

� Virtually all governmental entities that adopt a model code amend the document.

� State or local code committees for the jurisdiction review the model code with respect to:� Specific local conditions and needs� Local building practices� Local materials available� Union rules and requirements� Political considerations

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International Energy Conservation Code ®Conservation CodeFundamentals

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History of the IECC

� Original code known as the Model Energy Code (MEC) developed by CABO, BOCA, ICBO, NCSBCS, and SBCCI under a DOE contract in 1983.� MEC Editions released in 1983, 1986,1989, 1992, 1993, and � MEC Editions released in 1983, 1986,1989, 1992, 1993, and

1995.

� Title changed to the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) in 1998 with the formation of ICC.� IECC Editions released in 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2009

� ICC’s International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) is now the most widely adopted energy code in the world.

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International Energy Conservation Code ® - Scope

Encourages energy conservation through efficiency in envelope through efficiency in envelope design, mechanical systems, lighting systems and the use of new materials and techniques.

Scope

� The IECC® applies to:

� Residential Buildings� One- and Two-family dwellings, Townhomes (not-IRC buildings)� Multifamily dwellings three-stories or less in height

� Commercial Buildings� Multifamily dwellings four stories or greater in height

� New Buildings� Additions, Alterations, Renovations, & Repairs

Residential Compliance Process

Must the project comply with the IECC?

Insulation, Air Leakage, Lighting & Building Systems

Performance Path

PrescriptivePath

Building Thermal Envelope and Electrical

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Envelope and Electrical

Simulated Performance Alternative

R-value Computation

UA Alternative

Total UA Alternative

Document Compliance with IECC

Field Inspection

Plan Review

Regionalization in 2009

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Regionalization in 2003

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� Intended to work hand-in-hand� Tables are NOT identical� Simulated Performance option is not in IRC� Vapor Retarders are in Chapter 6 – NOT IECC

IECC’s relationship with the IRC

� Vapor Retarders are in Chapter 6 – NOT IECC

Workbook Page 3

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Vapor Retarders

2006 IRC 2006 IECC 2009 IRC 2009 IECC

No Yes Yes No

2006 to 2009 Aggregate Improvement

Preliminary estimates from U.S. DOE suggest the 2009 IECC will be at least 18 percent and possibly even 22 percent more energy efficient than the 2006 IECC

David Rodgers, Deputy Assistant Secretary, U.S. DOE-EERE, statements before Committee on Energy and Commerce, Subcommittee on Energy and Air Quality, U.S. House of Representatives, July 17, 2008.

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Trend 1Trend 1

Expanded adoption.

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Residential BuildingsIECC® State-wide Adoptions

WA

OR

AK

ID

MT

WY

NVUT CO KS

NE

ND

SD WI

MN

IA

MOKY

MI

IL IN OH

NY

VAMA/ CT/ RI

MEVT / NH

PA

WVHI

2003 IECC or equivalent

2000/01 IECC or equivalent

1998 IECC or less

2009 IECC or equivalent

2006 IECC or equivalent

CAAZ NM

TX

OK AR

LA

KYTN

VA

NCSC

GAALMS

FL

MD/DE/ NJ

JANUARY 2009

DC

HI

No Statewide Energy Code

International Energy Conservation Code® - Federal Citations

� National private and Federal housing initiatives� Energy Independence & Security Act of 2007

(EISA)� Energy Conservation & Production Act, as

amended� National benchmark for single family homes and

townhomes� National benchmark for low-rise condominiums

and apartments

� Manufactured Housing (HUD 24 CFR 3280)� Energy Efficient Mortgage Programs (FHA, VA,

Fannie & Freddie)

ARRA (Stimulus Bill)

American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009� Contains language requiring a plan to adopt the

2009 IECC or better-residential/ 2007 ASHRAE 90.1 or better-commercial.90.1 or better-commercial.� Condition for qualifying for $ 3.1 billion in State Energy

Program funds� Stimulus also funds EISA Block Grants, which has specific

language authorizing grants to develop, implement and adopt and enforce, building codes

ARRA: Reaching full Compliance

� Stimulus requires both a plan for active training an enforcement, and annual measurement of percent compliance to reach 90% by 2017.� Much of the technology, construction methods, test methods, and

some of the products are new, and both builders and contractors and code officials will need training to achieve full compliance.code officials will need training to achieve full compliance.

� The stimulus requires a plan, and provides funds.

Trend 2Trend 2

Increases in mandatory fenestration and insulation values.

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2006 to 2012 Mandatory Fenestration Requirements

Climate Zone FenestrationU-Factor

Glazed Fenestration SHGC

2006 2009 P2012* 2006 2009 P2012*

1 1.20 1.2 NR 0.40 0.30 0.30

2 0.75 0.65 0.50 0.40 0.30 0.302 0.75 0.65 0.50 0.40 0.30 0.30

3 0.65 0.50 0.40 0.40 0.30 0.30

4 0.40 0.35 0.35 NR NR NR

5 & Marine 4 0.35 0.35 0.32 NR NR NR

6 0.35 0.35 0.32 NR NR NR

7 & 8 0.35 0.35 0.32 NR NR NR

* Proposed changes for 2012

2006 to 2012 Mandatory Insulation Requirements

Climate Zone Wood Frame WallR-Value

Basement Wall R-Value

2006 2009 P2012* 2006 2009 P2012*

1 13 13 13 0 0 0

2 13 13 13 0 0 0

3 13 13 13 0 5/13 5/13

4 13 13 20 10/13 10/13 10/13

5 & Marine 4 19 20 or 13+5

20 or 13+5

10/13 10/13 10/13

6 19 20 or 13+5

20+5 or 13+10

10/13 15/19 15/19

7 & 8 21 21 20+5 or 13+10

10/13 15/19 15/19

* Proposed changes for 2012

Trend 3Trend 3

More extensive efforts to plug leakage points in the envelope.

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New Air Leakage Requirements in the 2009 Version

� Attic hatches and doors� Weatherstripping� Equivalent insulation� Retainer for loose fill

� Rim joist junctions� Air tightness verification� Test at < 7 ACH at 50 Pa

OR� Rigorous visual

inspection

New Air Leakage Requirements in the 2009 Version

� Wood-Burning Fireplaces� Use gasketed doors� Draw combustion air

from exterior of building from exterior of building

Mechanical Ventilation Sealing

Outdoor air intakes and exhausts shall have automatic or gravity dampers that close when the system is not operatingoperating

Trend 4Trend 4

Improved controls for HVAC systems.

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Programmable Thermostats in 2009

� For forced-air heating systems� Must be capable to set back or temporarily

operate the system to maintain zone temperatures down to 55°F or up to 85°Ftemperatures down to 55°F or up to 85°F

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Trend 5Trend 5

Enhanced duct and system sealing.

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Duct Tightness Verification in 2009

Post construction test:• <8 cfm per 100 ft² of conditioned

floor area, or• <12 cfm per 100 ft² of conditioned

floor area at 25 Pa across the entire system, including the air handler enclosure.

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Duct Tightness Verification in 2009

Rough-in test:• < 6 cfm per 100 ft² of

conditioned floor area at 25 Pa across the entire 25 Pa across the entire system, including the air handler enclosure, or

• <4 cfm per 100 ft² of conditioned floor area if air handler not yet installed.

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Trend 6Trend 6

Increased emphasis on equipment sizing and efficiency.

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Equipment Sizing

• Per IRC Section M1401.3• Sizing in accordance with • Sizing in accordance with

ACCA Manual S based on building loads calculated in accordance with ACCA Manual J.

2012 IECC Proposal EC 121 (Disapproved in first hearing)

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2012 EC-13 Proposal (AS)

� 404.2 Cooling equipment. � Zone 1 & 2: Vapor compression air conditioning SEER shall be at least

16.0 and EER at least 12.5. � Zone 3: Vapor compression air conditioning SEER shall be at least

15.0 and EER at least 12.5.

� 404.2.3 Future updates to federal manufacturing standards. � 404.2.3 Future updates to federal manufacturing standards. � If applicable Federal manufacturing standards as specified in 10 CFR

430 are updated to establish new efficiency requirements, equipment efficiency requirements in this section shall be improved by a percentage equivalent to the percentage improvement from the efficiency required by 10 CFR 430 as of January 1, 2011 to the efficiency required by 10 Code of Federal Regulations 430 at the date of plan check approval.

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Trend 7Trend 7

Move toward more wholistic views of sustainability.

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Cooperative effort launched in 2009 to develop a code overlay for commercial applications.

� Best chance of true enforcement and widespread adoption.

� Covers energy, water efficiency, materials, emissions, IEQ, site preservation, etc.

International Green Construction Code

Covers energy, water efficiency, materials, emissions, IEQ, site preservation, etc.

First version released in March, 2010 and currently open for public comment.

IgCC Compliance Paths

� Alternate means of compliance provided in some cases.� Example: IECC – comply with commercial building

requirements for energy efficiency OR ASHRAE Standard 90.1� IgCC Energy Chapter (Chapter 6)

Mandatory Provisions (many from

IECC)

Prescriptive Compliance

Performance Based

Compliance

TANEU Defined

TOTAL ANNUAL NET ENERGY USE. A ratio representing the energy performance of the proposed design compared to the energy performance of a standard reference design.

TANEU = 75 x (PD – RE - WE) / RD

Where:PD = Proposed Design energy useRE = Renewable Energy savingsRD = Standard Reference Design energy useWE= Waste Energy recovery savings

PD, RE, and RD shall all be expressed in consistent units of energy on a total annual basis.

TANEU Thresholds

100

7770

6380

100

120

63

0

20

40

60

2006 IECC 2009 IECC IgCC Prescriptive IgCC Enhanced

National Green Building Standard

� ICC and NAHB Collaboration � Consensus Process Begun: April

2007� Consensus Committee Included:

� Industry – Builders, Architects, Manufacturers

� Government – EPA, DOE, State

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� Government – EPA, DOE, State & City Building Officials

� Stakeholders – USGBC, Trade Associations

� ANSI Approved 12/2008� Includes Single-Family, Multi-

Family, Remodeling and Site Development

� Bronze, Silver, Gold, and Emerald Thresholds

� Consistent with ICC Language

Provisions of Chapter 7

� 701.1 – Buildings can comply with either the performance or prescriptive energy paths provided in the standard. This section also provides guidelines for energy efficiency specifically related to renovations and additions.

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� 701.1.1 – Minimum Performance Path Requirements � Must exceed IECC minimum performance

by 15%� Must include at least 2 practices from

Section 704

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NGBS Mandatory Fenestration Requirements (Mandatory)

Climate Zone

FenestrationU-Factor

Glazed Fenestration

SHGC

2009 NGBS 2009 NGBS

1 1.2 0.65 0.30 0.40

2 0.65 0.65 0.30 0.40

3 0.50 0.40 0.30 0.40

4 0.35 0.35 NR NR

5 & Marine 4

0.35 0.35 NR NR

6 0.35 0.35 NR NR

7 & 8 0.35 0.35 NR NR

Current Air Conditioner SEER Ratings

NGBS Air Conditioner and Heat Pump Cooling Credit

Climate Zone

1 2 3 4 5 6-8

POINTS

> 14 SEER 8 6 2 2 1 1> 14 SEER 8 6 2 2 1 1

> 15 SEER 12 10 4 3 2 2

> 17 SEER 18 14 6 4 3 3

>19+ SEER 24 18 8 4 3 3

Recommended Resources

Sustainable Construction : Green Building Design and Delivery , 2nd edition

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ASHRAE GreenGuide : The Design,Construction , and Operation of Sustainable Buildings, 2nd edition

Recommended Resources

Green Building Guide lines : Meeting the Dem and for Low -Energy, Resource –Efficient Homes ©, 5th Edition

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Shawn MartinDirector of Industry RelationsPlumbing Mechanical and Fuel Gas (PMG)International Code Council888-422-7233 x 7736

QUESTIONS?

888-422-7233 x 7736smartin@iccsafe.orgpmgresourcecenter@iccsafe.org

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Prescriptive Duct Insulation Progression