1.2 Simon Upton, Opening of Global Forum Tokyo
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Transcript of 1.2 Simon Upton, Opening of Global Forum Tokyo
PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS MANAGEMENT
THROUGH EXTENDED PRODUCER RESPONSIBILITY
Simon UptonDirector of Environment, OECDwww.oecd.org
Global Forum on Environment
Tokyo, 17 June 2014
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Population (billions)WORLD
GDP per capita ('000 USD)
2010
RoWOECD
OECD
RoWBRIICS
WORLD
GDP per capita ('000 USD)
2010
BRIICS
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Population (billions)WORLD
GDP per capita ('000 USD)
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GDP per capita ('000 USD)
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BRIICS
GDP +124%
GDP +478%
GDP +458%
GDP +295%
Source: OECD (2012), OECD Environmental Outlook to 2050, Baseline projection using ENV-Linkages model
3 billion more middle-class consumers will fuel future demand
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Global middle class1
Billions of people
ROW
2030
3.23Latin America
4.88
3 billion
Asia-Pacific
North America
Europe
2020
3.25
1.74
2009
1.85
0.53
1 Based on daily consumption per capita ranging from $10 to $100 (in purchasing power parity terms) Source: OECD (2011), Perspectives on Global Development: Social Cohesion in a Shifting World
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GDP (billions 2010 USD PPP)WORLD
Emissions intensity (kg CO2e / 2010 USD PPP)
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OECD
RoW
BRIICS
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BRIICS
2010
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2020
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2030
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GDP (billions 2010 USD PPP)WORLD
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GHG emissions intensity and GDP
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GDP (billions 2010 USD PPP)WORLD
Emissions intensity (kg CO2e / 2010 USD PPP)
RoW OECD
OECD
RoW
BRIICS
WORLD
BRIICS
2050
BRIICS GHG emissions 39 GtCO2e
OECD GHG emissions 19 GtCO2e
World GHG emissions 81 GtCO2e
RoW GHG emissions 22 GtCO2e
RoW GHG emissions 13 GtCO2e
BRIICS GHG emissions 19 GtCO2e
OECD GHG emissions 16 GtCO2e
World GHG emissions 48 GtCO2e
Source: OECD (2012), OECD Environmental Outlook to 2050, Baseline projection using ENV-Linkages model
A Story of Industrial Entropy
Photo credit: NASA Goddard Center; OECD.
Debit
72 Gt
RESOURCE STOCKS
A Story of Industrial Entropy… Running Against the Earth’s Balance Sheet?
SATURATIO
N
Atmosphere
Aquasphere
Litosphere
RESERVOIRS
49 Gt of GHG
228 Mt of P
~12 Gt of solid waste
Extracted & used35 Gt (1980)...72 Gt (today)..> 100 Gt (2030)..
Increasing costs
¥¥¥¥¥¥
¥¥
Planetary accounting level
Global Extraction Used (GEU) =
Global Material Consumption (GMC)
Unused Global Extraction (UGE)
Reusable
• Mining overburden
• Harvest residues• Fishery by-catch• Soil erosion from
agriculture
Global ExtractionWaste
62 Gt of material resources extracted in 2008
8.2 Gt12.7 Gt 20.3 Gt
Fossil En-ergy Car-
riers
Metals Biomass Minerals0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
30%
50%
90% 90%
70%
50%
10% 10%
Unused Extraction
Used Extrac-tion
20.8 Gt
Source: OECD Material Flow Analysis Data, SERI
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Japan is at the forefront of these developments
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Municipal waste
Material consumption
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• EPR is a key policy approach that helps countries get more resource efficient
• Used in most OECD countries and beyond• OECD developed EPR guidance in 2001• 15 years later we are looking at EPR
again – it’s time for an update• We developed a quick survey• We are the beginning of this exercise• This is what we know:
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Extended Producer Responsibility
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Regional distribution
48%
42%
4%2%
4%
North AmericaEuropeAsiaOceaniaLACAfrica
• Waste Electric and Electronic Equipment
• Packaging• Tyres• End of Life Vehicles/Auto batteries• Others
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Product groups
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Regional distribution – Product groups
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Europe Asia Oceania LAC Africa0
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WEEEPackagingELVsTyresOther
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Regional distribution – Product groups
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WEEEPackagingELVsTyresOther
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Regional distribution – Product groups
North America
Europe Asia Oceania LAC Africa0
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WEEEPackagingELVsTyresOther
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Regional distribution – Product groups
North America
Europe Asia Oceania LAC Africa0
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WEEEPackagingELVsTyresOther
• Take-back requirements• Economic instruments
– Deposit/refund– Adance disposal fees– Material taxes– Upstream combination tax/subsidy
• Recycled content standards
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Regional distribution - Policy instruments
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Regional Distribution – Policy instruments
North America
Europe Asia Oceania LAC Africa0
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Take-backADFD/ROther
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Regional Distribution – Policy instruments
North America
Europe Asia Oceania LAC Africa0
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160
Take-backADFD/ROther
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Regional Distribution – Policy instruments
North America
Europe Asia Oceania LAC Africa0
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Take-backADFD/ROther
• Share experience with the design and use of EPR
• Identify key areas where guidance would be useful and consensus about measures exists
• Involve key emerging market economies in the process and ensure global relevance
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Objectives of Global Forum
Thank you!
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