1.2 New Testing Standards- Fluke

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How new testing standards affect you

Singapore, Nov 2009

Adrian Young

Sr. Customer Support Engineer



In this presentation, we will cover

• How ANSI/TIA-568-C.2 has consolidated all the different test plugs defined in

the past to one single test plug and how that affects your test results

• Alien Crosstalk testing strategy and basic troubleshooting

• 1 jumper vs 3 jumper reference found in IEC 14763-3

• Optical Time Domain Reflectometry testing as found in ANSI/TIA-568-C.0

and IEC 14763-3



Permanent Link test lead

• Ever swapped your test leads around and got a different result?

• It can’t be the tester, it’s the same tester you are using

• May be it’s the test lead ….. well kind off…..

• It’s that RJ45 plug on the end of the lead that is causing it to change.

• ANSI/TIA-568-C.2 states:

• The plug is terminated by hand, the variation of performance can be wide

spread.

?



• If the performance of your plug changes, so does your NEXT margin

• It’s the placing of the twisted pairs that affects it’s performance

• It is a real struggle to create a test plug

• One solution… remove the twisted pairs in the RJ45 plug

Test leads/plugs cause the biggest uncertainty



Test leads & plugs are critical for Category 5e, 6 and 6A

• Up until recently, there were three different test plugs specified for testingCategory 5e, 6 and 6A

– ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.2 defined a test plug for Cat 5e

– ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.2-1 defined a test plug for Cat 6

– ANSI/TIA-568-B.2-10 defined a test plug for Cat 6A

• With ANSI/TIA-568-C.2 there is now only one test plug for Cat 5e, 6 and 6A

which is the same test plug found in ANSI/TIA-568-B.2-10

• This is fantastic news for the entire industry. Connector vendors only

have to worry about one test plug to tune their connectors to Cat 5e, 6 and

6A.

• For installers now, they can optimize their test results by using a test lead

with an RJ45 plug that meets the requirements of ANSI/TIA-568-C.2



Test plug requirements

• ANSI/TIA-568-C.2 defines the test plug for – NEXT

– FEXT

– Return Loss

• Laboratory technicians can spend weeks trying to make a test plug that

meets the requirements – it’s generally understood that this is not practical

• In Annex C of ANSI/TIA-568-C.2 it talks about using a PCB (Printed Circuit

Board) style RJ45 plug

• It is easier to produce a compliant test plug using a PCB substrate according

to Annex E.2 of ANSI/TIA-568-C.2

1) Its properties have been designed to comply with electrical properties of the test plug described in clause C.4.10.

2) The construction is repeatable and consistent.

3) It is mounted to the test fixture without the use of twisted wire test leads, yielding a more consistent measurement result.



How a connector is tested in the laboratory

• ANSI/TIA-568-C.2 defines the test plug for NEXT, FEXT and Return Loss

• The closer your test plug is to the standard, the better your result

C.4.10.8.2 Test plug construction for return loss testing

NOTES,

Plugs of this type may be obtained from: Fluke Networks,

Everett, WA or SMP Data Communcations, Swannanoa,

NC. Alternative equivalent components may also be used.



Alien Crosstalk (AxTalk) testing

• Values are found in ANSI/TIA-568-C.2 for the Perm. Link and Channel

• Methodology is found in the new ANSI/TIA-1152

– Myth: “You do not have to do Alien Crosstalk testing if it is a shielded cabling

system”

– Fact: Neither standard makes a distinction between UTP/FTP/STP when it comes

to Alien Crosstalk testing

– Experience: Our experience shows that shielded cabling systems can fail Alien

Crosstalk requirements if not installed correctly

• AxTalk is a sample test of the installation

– ANSI/TIA does not specify the sampling plan – IEC 61935-1 no longer specifies 1% or 5 links whichever is the greatest

– Sampling instructions can be found in the new IEC 14763-2



How is it measured?

• A Disturber cable is picked (which one?) – ANSI/TIA-568-C.2 and TIA-1152 give little guidance; “short and long link”

– IEC 61935-1 provides better information:

• 5.4.8.2 Selection of disturbing links

– Disturbing links shall include both of the following:

» all of the links that are in the same cable bundle or the most

consistently positioned relative to the disturbed link as disturbing links;

» those that occupy adjacent positions to the left, right, above and below

connections on the disturbed link on patch panels or multiple outlets.

• Let’s take a look at a real world example:



Picking the Disturbed (Victim) link

• We know that the connectors contribute most of the PS ANEXT for Category6A and Class E A cabling systems

• Do not pick the links/connectors at the end of a patch panel, since there are

no adjacent connectors

• Do not pick the links/connectors at the end or a row/group for the same

reason



Picking the Disturbed (Victim) link

• In the results software, we identified this link as one of our shortest links• It is not at the end of the patch panel or group of connectors

• There are connectors/links above and below

• This truly is worst case



The Alien Crosstalk Measurement (PS ANEXT)



ANSI/TIA-568-C.0 Fiber Testing (Tier 1)

• 6.4.3.1 GeneralLink attenuation is measured using the reference methods specified by TIA-

526-14-A for multimode and TIA-526-7 for single-mode. The one cord

reference method is preferred for both multimode and single-mode. Other

methods as detailed in the above standards may be applied. Test

documentation should include the test method applied.

• Let’s take an example to understand how this is done:



ANSI/TIA-568-C.0 Fiber Testing (1 jumper reference)

• A known good test reference cord is connected to the Input port



IEC 14763-3 Three Jumper Reference

• The reference is set (cords zeroed out)



• The middle test reference cord is removed

IEC 14763-3 Three Jumper Reference



ANSI/TIA-568-C.0 Fiber Testing (Tier 2)

• OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer) is now part of 568-C.0• OTDR testing was specified in TIA TSB-140 Feb 2004 (not a standard)



Thank you for your time

Questions?

[email protected]

1.2 New Testing Standards- Fluke

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