1111 © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03 111 ©...
-
Upload
brian-warren -
Category
Documents
-
view
229 -
download
0
Transcript of 1111 © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03 111 ©...
1111© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03 111© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
2© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
Cisco AutoQoS Technical Presentation
Ramya VenkatramanTechnical Marketing Engineer – QoS
Internet Technologies Group
3333© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
Agenda
• Introduction
• Cisco AutoQoS Framework
• Automation with Cisco AutoQoS
• AutoQoS Deployment Case Study
• Summary
Introduction
4444© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
Introduction –IETF DiffServ Architecture (RFC-2475)
• The idea: different service levels for packets• The service: some significant characteristics of packet
transmission in one direction across the networkExamples: bandwidth and latency
5555© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
A New Paradigm for Automating the Delivery of Network Quality of Service
• Key Takeaways:
Simpler QoS deployments – Reduces operator errors
Cheaper QoS deployments – Up to 2/3rds reduction in cost
Faster QoS deployments – Up to 2/3rds reduction in deployment time
• Cisco AutoQoS initial focus: QoS for Voice over IP
IP Telephony is here!
IP Telephony requires QoS
QoS deployment can be challenging
Cisco AutoQoS makes VoIP deployments simpler, cheaper, and faster
• Cisco AutoQoS retains 100% customer control over configuration
6666© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
RO
UT
ER
SW
ITC
H
Classification (CoS, DSCP, ACLs, VLAN, Port-based)
Cisco QoS Introduction:A Complete Diffserv Toolkit
Link Efficiency Mechanisms (Compression, Fragmentation)
Congestion Avoidance Mechanisms (WRED, WRED-ECN)
Congestion Management Techniques (WFQ,CBWFQ,LLQ)
Classification & Marking (DSCP, IP Precedence, nBAR, etc.)
FE
Traffic Conditioners (Policing, Shaping)
Queuing & Scheduling (WRR, PQ)
Buffer Management & WRED
Classification (CoS, DSCP, ACLs, VLAN, Port-based)
Policing & Marking (Aggregate & Micro Flow Policing)
GEATMPPP
HDLCFRAME RELAY
PR
OV
ISIO
NIN
G &
MO
NIT
OR
ING
CB
Qo
SM
IB,
QP
M 3
.0
7777© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
Agenda
• Introduction
• Cisco AutoQoS Framework
• Automation with Cisco AutoQoS
• AutoQoS Deployment Case Study
• Summary
Cisco AutoQoS Framework
8888© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
DiffServ Function
Cisco IOS QoS Feature Behavior
Classification NBAR
DSCP, Port
Classification of VoIP based on packet attributes or port trust
Marking Class-Based Marking Set L3 / L2 attributes to bucketize packets into a class
Congestion Management
% based LLQ,
WRR
Provide EF treatment to voice & BE treatment to data
Shaping Class-based Shaping or FRTS Shape to CIR to prevent burst & smooth Traffic to Configured Rate
Link Efficiency Mechanism
Header Compression Reduce the VoIP bandwidth requirement
Link Efficiency Mechanism
Link Fragmentation & Interleaving
Reduce jitter experienced by voice packets
• Automation and simplification of the existing user interface to expedite deployment of QoS features for VoIP
• Fine-tuning of AutoQoS generated parameters by user, if desired
Cisco AutoQoS - VoIP FrameworkDiffServ Functions Automated
9999© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
Cisco AutoQoS Framework –Network Based Application Recognition
• BenefitsIdentifies Layer 4 to Layer 7 applications and protocols
• Stateful & deep packet inspection
Protocol Discovery analyzes application traffic patterns in real time and identifies traffic is running on the network
• Platform SupportCisco 1700, 2600, 3600, 7100, 7200, FlexWan Series RoutersSwitches: MSFC support on Sup 1a & Sup 2 introduced in Release 12.1(13)E
Citrix 25%Netshow 15%Fasttrack 10%
FTP 30%HTTP 20%
Link UtilizationWhat Applications are running through my network?
10101010© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
Cisco AutoQoS Framework –nBAR RTP Payload Type Classification
CODEC Payload Type
G.711 (Audio) 0 (mu-law) 8 (a-law)
G.721 (Audio) 2
G.722 (Audio) 9
G.723 (Audio) 4
G.728 (Audio) 15
G.729 (Audio) 18
H.261 (Video) 31
MPEG-1 (A/V)
MPEG-2 (A/V)
14 (Audio), 32 (Video), 33 (A-V)
Dynamic 96 - 127
• Eases classification of voice and video traffic
VoIP, streaming / real time video, audio / video conferencing, Fax Over IP
• Distinguishes between RTP packets based on payload type and CODECS
• Removes dependencies on UDP Port Range & DSCP markings
11111111© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
Cisco AutoQoS Framework –Percentage Based Policies
• ProblemsFixed CIR imposes scalability issues
Service policies differ by interface, with a wide range of interface bandwidths
• SolutionConfigure policies as a percentage of available bandwidth
• AdvantageIncreased Scalability & Manageability
Same Policy Map can be applied on multiple interfaces and on interfaces with varying bandwidth
Build Once, Apply Many PoliciesBuild Once, Apply Many Policies
12121212© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
10mbps Ethernet 10mbps Ethernet
Voice 1500 Data Bytes Voice Voice 1500 Data Bytes Voice Voice 1500 Data Bytes Voice
56kb WAN
~214ms Serialization Delay
Voice Packet60 bytes
Every 20 ms
Voice Packet60 bytes
Every >214 ms
Voice Packet60 bytes
Every >214 ms
Benefit: reduce the jitter in voice calls
• Implemented via Multilink PPP (MLP) over FR, ATM, and leased lines • Fragments are interleaved with the real-time packets, reducing the
Serialization delay experienced by Voice packets
Cisco AutoQoS Framework –MLPPP Link Fragmentation & Interleaving
Problem: large packets “freeze out” voice
13131313© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
Cisco AutoQoS Framework –RTP Header Compression
PROBLEM: Header = 2 X PayloadCODEC PPP
6 Bytes of HeaderATM
53 Bytes Cells witha 48 Byte Payload
Frame-Relay4 Bytes of Header
G.711 at 50 pps 82.4 kbps 106 Kbps 81.6 kbps
G.711 at 33 pps 75.5 kbps 84 Kbps 75 kbps
G.729A at 50 pps 26.4 kbps 42.4 Kbps 25.6 kbps
G.729A at 33 pps 20 kbps 28 Kbps 19.5 kbps
BENEFIT: Reduction in Voice Bandwidth RequirementCODEC PPP
6 Bytes of HeaderATM
53 Bytes Cells witha 48 Byte Payload
Frame-Relay4 Bytes of Header
G.711 at 50 pps 68 kbps N/A 67 kbps
G.711 at 33 pps 66 kbps N/A 65.5 kbps
G.729A at 50 pps 12 kbps N/A 11.2 kbps
G.729A at 33 pps 10.5 kbps N/A 10 kbps
14141414© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
Agenda
• Introduction
• Cisco AutoQoS Framework
• Automation with Cisco AutoQoS
• AutoQoS Deployment Case Study
• Summary
Automation with Cisco AutoQoS
15151515© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
Automation with Cisco AutoQoS – VoIP Intelligence in the LAN
Server FarmServer Farm
Core
Layer 3 Switched Backbone
Layer 3 Switch
Layer 2 Switch
BuildingBuildingBuilding
Access
Distribution
• Enable Trust boundary (phone, access, uplink/downlink)• Enable Priority Queuing where required• Modify Queue Admission criteria where required• Configure CoS to DSCP and IP Prec to DSCP maps where required
16161616© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
Automation with Cisco AutoQoS – VoIP Intelligence in the WAN
Build MQC based policies for VoIPIntelligent Classification (Trust / Untrust)High Speed & Low Speed QoS Policies
Automatically enable QoS features specific to underlying transport protocol (FR, ATM, PPP, FR-to-ATM)
Enable Traffic Shaping where requiredEnable LFI (FRF.12, MLP) where requiredEnable CRTP
Monitoring & SNMP Alerts
125 Remote SitesWAN
17171717© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
Cisco AutoQoS Benefits Router Platforms
• User can meet the voice QoS requirements without extensive knowledge about:
Underlying technologies (i.e.: PPP, FR, ATM)
Service policies
Link efficiency mechanisms
• AutoQoS lends itself to tuning of all generated parameters & configurations
Cisco 2600, 2600-XM, 3600, 3700, and 7200 Series Routers
18181818© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
• Supported on serial (PPP & HDLC), ATM PVCs, FR DLCIs and FR/ATM links
Only on point-to-point sub-interfaces for FR and low speed ATM PVCs
Policies are specific to underlying transport layer protocol
• Automatically identifies H.323, MGCP, H.225 (Unicast), SIP and Skinny Signaling Protocols
• Command Line Interface
Automation with Cisco AutoQoS Router Platforms
auto qos voip [trust] – Untrusted Mode by default
auto qos voip [fr-atm] – Enabled on FR DLCI for FR/ATM Interworking
19191919© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
• ClassificationTrust: relies on DSCP markings from switches (DSCP EF & AF31)Un trust: nBAR RTP Payload Type Classification & Access Lists
• ProvisioningLLQ protects voice bearer and voice signaling trafficWFQ shares bandwidth fairly in the Best Effort Data class
• Policy GenerationEnables high- (>768Kbps) and low- (<=768Kbps) speed QoS
• MonitoringSNMP monitoring events are reported if the SNMP server is enabledThresholds activated in RMON alarm table to monitor LLQ drops
Automation with Cisco AutoQoS Router Platforms (Cont)
20202020© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
class-map VoIP-Bearer match protocol rtp audioclass-map VoIP-Control match access-group 101!policy-map QoS-Policy class VoIP-Bearer priority percent 30 set ip dscp efclass VoIP-Control bandwidth percent 5 set ip dscp af31class class-default fair-queue!Access-list 101 permit tcp any any eq 1720 \\H.323Access-list 101 permit tcp any any range 11000 11999 \\H.323Access-list 101 permit udp any any eq 2427 \\MGCPAccess-list 101 permit udp any any eq 2428 \\MGCPAccess-list 101 permit tcp any any range 2000 2002 \\ Skinny
Configuring QoS for VoIP on Low Speed Frame Relay WAN Link
Classify the traffic of interest for QoS Policy
Define QoS Policy Treatment
Without AutoQoS
Define ACLs to classifyVoIP Signaling
Automation with Cisco AutoQoS Router Platforms (Cont)
FrameRelay
21212121© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
interface Serial4/0 encapsulation frame-relayframe-relay traffic-shaping!interface Serial4/0.1 point-to-point bandwidth 256ip address 10.1.71.1 255.255.255.0 frame-relay interface-dlci 100 class VoIPFrame-relay ip rtp header-compression!map-class frame-relay VoIP frame-relay cir 256000 frame-relay bc 2560 frame-relay be 0 frame-relay mincir 256000 service-policy output QoS-Policy frame-relay fragment 320
Enabling FRTS, FRF.12 & CRTP
Enable Frame Relay Traffic Shaping
Apply FR class-map to DLCI
Frame Relay Traffic Shaping
Apply QoS Policy
Enable FRF.12
Enable RTP Header Compression
Without AutoQoS
Automation with Cisco AutoQoS Router Platforms (Cont)
FrameRelay
22222222© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
interface Serial4/0 encapsulation frame-relayframe-relay traffic-shaping!interface Serial4/0.1 point-to-pointbandwidth 256ip address 10.1.71.1 255.255.255.0frame-relay interface-dlci 100 class AutoQoS-VoIP-FR-Serial4/0-100 auto qos voipframe-relay ip rtp header-compression!map-class frame-relay AutoQoS-VoIP-FR-Serial4/0-100 frame-relay cir 256000 frame-relay bc 2560 frame-relay be 0 frame-relay mincir 256000 service-policy output AutoQoS-Policy-UnTrust frame-relay fragment 320
You enable AutoQoS
FRTS enabled by AutoQoS
FRTS & FRF.12 settings generated by AutoQoS
CRTP configuration generated by AutoQoS
You specify BW, IP Addr & FR DLCI
With AutoQoS
Automation with Cisco AutoQoS Router Platforms (Cont)
FrameRelay
23232323© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
Provisioning done by AutoQoS
Classification done by AutoQoS
class-map match-any AutoQoS-VoIP-RTP-Untrust match protocol rtp audio match access-group name AutoQoS-VOIP-RTCPclass-map AutoQoS-VoIP-Control-Untrust match access-group name AutoQoS-VOIP-Controlclass-map match-any AutoQoS-VOIP-Remark match ip dscp ef match ip dscp af31!policy-map AutoQoS-Policy-Untrustclass-map AutoQoS-VoIP-RTP-Untrust priority percent 70 set dscp efclass AutoQoS-VoIP-Control-Untrust bandwidth percent 5 set dscp af31class AutoQoS-VoIP-Remark set dscp defaultclass class-default fair-queue
Automation with Cisco AutoQoS Router Platforms (Cont)
FrameRelay
With AutoQoS
24242424© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
RMON event configured generated by AutoQoS
Monitoring Drops in LLQ
• Thresholds are activated in RMON alarm table to monitor drops in Voice Class
• Default drop threshold is 1bps
rmon event 33333 log trap AutoQoS description “AutoQoSSNMP traps for Voice Drops” owner AutoQoS rmon alarm 33350 cbQoSCMDDropBitRate.2881.2991 30Absolute rising-threshold 1 33333 falling-threshold 0 Owner AutoQoS
With AutoQoS
Automation with Cisco AutoQoS Router Platforms (Cont)
FrameRelay
25252525© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
• User can meet the voice QoS requirements without extensive knowledge about:
Trust boundary
CoS to DSCP mappings
Weighted Round Robin (WRR) & Priority Queue (PQ) Scheduling parameters
• Generated parameters and configurations are user tunable
Cisco AutoQoS Benefits Switch Platforms
Cisco Catalyst 6500, 4500, 3550, and 2950EI Switches
26262626© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
• Single command at the interface level configures interface and global QoS
Support for Cisco IP Phone & Cisco Soft Phone
Support for Cisco Soft Phone currently exists only on the Cat6500
Trust Boundary is disabled when IP Phone is moved / relocated
Buffer Allocation & Egress Queuing dependent on interface type (GE/FE)
• Supported on Static, dynamic-access, voice VLAN access, and trunk ports
• CDP must be enabled for AutoQoS to function properly
• Cisco Catalyst 2950 EI supports WRR, Strict Priority Scheduling, and Strict Priority Queuing
Automation with Cisco AutoQoS Switch Platforms
27272727© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
• Cisco Catalyst 6500 Switch
Global: set qos autoqos
Interface: set port qos autoqos <mod/port> voip [ciscosoftphone | ciscoipphone]
Trust Boundary: Set port qos autoqos <mod/port> trust [cos|dscp]
• Cisco Catalyst 3550 and 2950EI Switches
auto qos voip trust – QoS Labels in ingress packets are trusted
auto qos voip Cisco-phone – Extends trust boundary if IP Phone detected
• Cisco Catalyst 4500 Switch
Similar to Cat 3550/2950
Automation with Cisco AutoQoS Switch Platforms (Cont)
Command Line Interface
28282828© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
set qos enableset port qos mod/port cos 0set port qos mod/port cos-ext 0set port qos mod/port trust-ext untrustedset port qos mod/port trust-device ciscoipphoneset qos acl ip ACL_IP-PHONES trust-cos anycommit qos acl ACL_IP-PHONESset qos acl map ACL_IP-PHONES mode/port set port qos mod/port trust trust-cosset qos ipprec-dscp-map 0 10 18 26 34 46 48 56set qos cos-dscp-map 0 10 18 26 34 46 48 56set qos map 2q2t tx queue 2 2 cos 5,6,7.............
Automation with Cisco AutoQoS Switch Platforms (Cont)
Without AutoQoS
Configuring QoS for VoIP on Trusted & Untrusted Ports in the LAN
65006500 6500650065006500
65006500 65006500
29292929© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
Automation with Cisco AutoQoS Cisco Catalyst 6500 Series Switch With AutoQoS
set port macro 4/1 ciscoipphone 10 110 Port 4/1 has been fully configured for ciscoipphone.
Data vlan set to 10, auxiliary vlan set to 110, port based autoqos configured.
Global autoqos configured on all ports.
set qos autoqos
All ingress and egress QoS scheduling parameters configured on all ports. CoS to DSCP, DSCP to COS and IP Precedence to DSCP maps configured. Global QoS configured
set port qos autoqos 4/1 voip ciscoipphone
Port 4/1 has been fully configured for voip.Global autoqos configured on all ports
User enables AutoQoS
Generated by AutoQoS
Generated by AutoQoS
65006500 6500650065006500
65006500 65006500
30303030© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
mls qos map cos-dscp 0 10 18 26 34 46 48 56mls qos!interface FastEthernet0/1Description to IP Phone mls qos trust CoS wrr-queue cos-map 4 5 priority-queue out switchport voice vlan 111 switchport access vlan 11 switchport priority extend cos 0
Map CoS Values in incoming packets to DSCP values
Ingress Classification set to trust CoS value received in the packet
Assign packets with CoS 5 to Queue 4 (Expedite Queue)
Enable Egress Expedite Queue
Enable Trust Boundary on the phone
Configuring QoS for VoIP on Trusted Ports in the LAN
Automation with Cisco AutoQoS Cisco Catalyst 3550 Series Switch
Without AutoQoS
65006500 65006500
35003500 35003500 35003500
31313131© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
Interface GigabitEthernet0/1mls qos trust device cisco-phonemls qos trust cosauto qos voip cisco-phonewrr-queue bandwidth 20 1 80 0wrr-queue queue-limit 80 1 20 1wrr-queue cos-map 1 0 1 2 4wrr-queue cos-map 3 3 6 7wrr-queue cos-map 4 5priority-queue out
Generated by AutoQoS
Generated by AutoQoS
You enable AutoQoS
Interface FastEthernet0/1mls qos trust device cisco-phonemls qos trust cosauto qos voip cisco-phonewrr-queue bandwidth 20 1 80 0wrr-queue min-reserve 1 5wrr-queue min-reserve 2 6wrr-queue min-reserve 3 7wrr-queue min-reserve 4 8wrr-queue cos-map 1 0 1 2 4wrr-queue cos-map 3 3 6 7 wrr-queue cos-map 4 5priority-queue out
You enable AutoQoS
Automation with Cisco AutoQoS Cisco Catalyst 3550 Series Switch With AutoQoS
65006500 65006500
35003500 3500350035003500
32323232© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
mls qosmls qos map cos-dscp 0 10 18 26 34 46 48 56wrr-queue cos-map 1 0 1 2 4wrr-queue cos-map 3 3 6 7wrr-queue cos-map 4 5wrr-queue bandwidth 20 1 80 0!Interface GigabitEthernet0/1Description Uplink to Trusted Sourcemls qos trust dscp!interface FastEthernet0/1Description to IP Phone mls qos trust CoS switchport voice vlan 111 switchport access vlan 11 switchport priority extend cos 0
Map CoS Values in incoming packets to DSCP values
Ingress Classification set to trust CoS value received in the packet
Assign packets with CoS 5 to Queue 4 (Expedite Queue)
Enable Trust Boundary on the phone
Configuring QoS for VoIP on Trusted & Untrusted Ports in the LAN
Automation with Cisco AutoQoS Cisco Catalyst 2950EI Series Switch
Without AutoQoS
65006500 65006500
35003500 35003500 35003500
33333333© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
mls qos map cos-dscp 0 8 16 26 32 46 48 56wrr-queue bandwidth 20 1 80 0no wrr-queue cos-mapwrr-queue cos-map 1 0 1 2 4wrr-queue cos-map 3 3 6 7wrr-queue cos-map 4 5!interface GigabitEthernet0/2 auto qos voip trust mls qos trust cos!Interface FastEthernet0/1 auto qos voip cisco-phone mls qos trust device cisco-phone
Generated by AutoQoS
auto qos voip trust
You enable AutoQoS
auto qos voip cisco-phone
Automation with Cisco AutoQoS Cisco Catalyst 2950EI Series Switch With AutoQoS
65006500 65006500
35003500 3500350035003500
34343434© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
Agenda
• Introduction
• Cisco AutoQoS Framework
• Automation with Cisco AutoQoS
• AutoQoS Deployment Case Study
• Summary
AutoQoS Deployment Case Study
35353535© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
QoS Deployment for VoIP
Goal: Deploy consistent, end-to-end QoS for VoIP
WANWAN
Classification & Trust BoundaryMarking / RemarkingEgress Queue SchedulingBuffer Management
Classification & Trust BoundaryMarking / RemarkingEgress Queue SchedulingBuffer Management
Intelligent Classification Bandwidth ProvisioningAdmission ControlShapingLink Fragmentation & InterleavingHeader Compression
Intelligent Classification Bandwidth ProvisioningAdmission ControlShapingLink Fragmentation & InterleavingHeader Compression
Layer 3 PolicingEgress Scheduling(Multiple Queues with WRR)Priority Queuing for VOIPBuffer Management
Layer 3 PolicingEgress Scheduling(Multiple Queues with WRR)Priority Queuing for VOIPBuffer Management
Access LayerAccess Layer Distribution LayerDistribution Layer
WAN
36363636© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
ApplicationClassificationApplication
Classification
PolicyGeneration
PolicyGeneration
ConfigurationConfiguration
Monitoring&
Reporting
Monitoring&
Reporting
ConsistencyConsistency
• Identify Traffic of Interest• Trust & Untrust
• Identify Traffic of Interest• Trust & Untrust
• Link Efficiency Mechanisms
• CoS to DSCP to Queue mapping
• WRR & WRED parameters
• Transport specific features
• Link Efficiency Mechanisms
• CoS to DSCP to Queue mapping
• WRR & WRED parameters
• Transport specific features
• Monitor the performance of Voice traffic
• Monitor the performance of Voice traffic
• Consistent end-to-end QoS across LAN & WAN
• Platform Consistency
• Consistent end-to-end QoS across LAN & WAN
• Platform Consistency
• Classes• Bandwidth requirements• High Speed Vs Low Speed QoS• Buffer Management
• Classes• Bandwidth requirements• High Speed Vs Low Speed QoS• Buffer Management
QoS Deployment for VoIP –Without AutoQoS
KeyElementsof QoS
Deployment
37373737© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
QoS Deployment for VoIP –Manual Approach without AutoQoS
In the WAN1. Identify applications and protocols of interest
Untrusted edge vs. trusted edge
2. Remark traffic based on classification
3. Determine how many classes should be configured, and what queuing should be enabled
4. Determine class bandwidth requirements
5. Configure transport specific features
Traffic Shaping, MLPPP & TX-Ring settings
6. Enable bandwidth specific QoS features
Header Compression & Fragmentation Settings (MLP/LFI or FRF.12)
7. Configure alarm and event settings for monitoring purposes
38383838© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
QoS Deployment for VoIP –Manual Approach without AutoQoS
In the LAN1. Identify Trust Boundary & Extended Trust
Boundary
2. Remark traffic based on classification
3. Determine CoS to DSCP and IP Precedence to DSCP mappings
4. Map CoS values to the different egress queues
5. Queue Size Settings & WRR weightsFE Vs GE ports
6. Determine CoS to Egress queue mapping
7. Configure QoS on a per port basis
39393939© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
Identify VoIPBearer & Control Traffic
Evaluate Network
Environment & Generate Initial Policy
One Command
VoIP Packet Drop AlertsCBQoSMIB
SupportFull LAN & WANInteroperability
QoS Deployment for VoIP– Automation with Cisco AutoQoS (Phase I)
Accomplish all of the above in just 4 steps1. Configure Interface / Sub-Interface Bandwidth
2. Configure IP Address
3. Enable AutoQoS (Trust Vs Un Trust)
4. Fine Tune Parameters, if required
TrafficClassification
PolicyGeneration
Provisioning
Monitoring
Consistency
40404040© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
QoS Deployment for VoIP - Single Step Approach Using Cisco AutoQoS
Enable Cisco AutoQoS for VoIP on the switch1. Cisco Catalyst 2950 and 3550 Switches: enable Auto QoS on the interface
auto qos voip [trust | cisco-phone]2. Cisco Catalyst 6500 Switch: enable Auto QoS on the port
set qos autoqosset port qos autoqos <mod/port> voip [ciscosoftphone | ciscoipphone]set port qos autoqos <mod/port> trust [cos|dscp]
3. Parameter Tuning
Monitor Cisco AutoQoS on the Switch1. sh mls qos interface <x> [buffers | queuing]
(above command not supported on 2950)2. show mls qos maps cos-dscp3. show auto qos interface <x>
In the LAN
41414141© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
Enable Cisco AutoQoS for VoIP via Router CLI
1. Configure IP address on interface or sub interface
2. Configure bandwidth on interface or sub interface
3. Enable “autoqos voip [ trust | fr-atm ]” on PVC, DLCI or interface
4. Parameter tuning & Configuration modifications
Monitor Cisco AutoQoS on the Router
1. show policy-map interface <x>
2. show auto qos [interface <interface type>]
3. show rmon [alarms | events]
Monitor Cisco AutoQoS using QPM 3.0
QoS Deployment for VoIP - Single Step Approach Using Cisco AutoQoS (Cont)
In the WAN
42424242© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
QoS Deployment for VoIP –Class-Based QoS MIB (CBQoSMIB)
ftp://ftp.cisco.com/pub/mibs/v2/CISCO-CLASS-BASED-QOS-MIB.my
• Provides read access to configuration and statistical information for MQC based QoS Policies
• Provides MQC configuration information and application statistics• Provides CBQoS statistics on a per-policy/per-interface or PVC
basis• Monitor pre- and post-policy bit rates on a device
SNMP
Interface 1Outbound Policy
CBQoSMIB
Provide CBQoS Statistics & Configuration Information Per policy
Interface 3InboundPolicy
Interface 2Inbound Policy
43434343© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
QoS Deployment for VoIP – Monitoring & Reporting with QPM 3.0
• Central web based tool• QoS config guidance• Templates, customize • Deployment control• File export
• Monitoring• Reports• Troubleshooting• Multi-device, global
• Device-Based• Single Command• Intelligent
Classification• Reporting via Syslog
& Traps
Cisco Works QoS Policy Manager
interface Multilink1
ip address 10.1.61.1 255.255.255.0
ip tcp header-compression iphc-format
load-interval 30
service-policy output QoS-Policy
ppp multilink
ppp multilink fragment-delay 10
ppp multilink interleave
interface Serial0
–bandwidth 256
–Ip address 10.1.61.1 255.255.255.0
–auto qos voip
CLI
44444444© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
BronzeBronze
SilverSilver
GoldGold
QoS Deployment for VoIP - Monitoring and Reporting with CBQoSMIB & QPM 3.0
CMPrePolicyPkt
CMPrePolicyByte CMPostPolicyPkt CMDropPkt
CMDropByte
CMNoBufDropPkt
Drop=Pre- Post
After QOS Policies have been appliedBefore QOS
BronzeBronze
SilverSilver
GoldGoldBronzeBronze
SilverSilver
45454545© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
QoS Deployment for VoIP – An example using QPM 3.0
46464646© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
Agenda
• Introduction
• Cisco AutoQoS Framework
• Automation with Cisco AutoQoS
• AutoQoS Deployment Case Study
• SummarySummary
47474747© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
Highlights –Cisco AutoQoS in the WAN
• Simplifies QoS configuration for VoIP
Phase I – a single command enables Cisco QoS for VoIP
• End-to-end simplification, automation, and intelligence
Classifies VoIP bearer and signaling (H.323, Skinny, H.225 Unicast, SIP & MGCP) traffic
Provisioning based on Cisco Best Practices
• Generated parameters and configuration can be user modified
48484848© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
Highlights –Cisco AutoQoS in the WAN (Cont)
• Intelligent policy generation
Based on available bandwidth & underlying L2 technology
Enables IP RTP Header Compression and Frame Relay Traffic Shaping, if required
Decides on fragmentation settings (FRF.12, MLP/LFI), if required
• Supported on FR, ATM, HDLC, PPP & FR-to-ATM links
• Provides RMON alerts, if VoIP packet are dropped
49494949© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
Highlights –Cisco AutoQoS in the LAN
• Simplifies QoS configuration for VoIP
Phase I – a single command enables Cisco QoS for VoIP
Support for Cisco IP Phone & Cisco SoftPhone
• Optimal Voice Performance
Parameters based on Cisco Best Practices, extensive lab testing, and input from a broad base of AVVID installations
50505050© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
Highlights –Cisco AutoQoS in the LAN (Cont)
• Intelligent Policy generation
Automatically decides on trust and extended trust boundary settings
– User can bypass telephone and connect their PC directly to the switch
– Disables trust when IP phone is relocated
Configures CoS to DSCP to Queue mapping
Decides on WRR settings
• Supported on Static, Dynamic-access, voice VLAN, and trunk ports
51515151© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
The Cisco Advantage –Most Comprehensive QoS Functionality Available
First to ship QoS Automation & Simplification
First to ship Advanced Differentiated Services Toolkit in 2000
Comprehensive QoS language framework via MQC
First to ship Intelligent Application Level classification (Cisco Network Based Application Recognition - NBAR)
Complete QoS monitoring & reporting support with Cisco Works QPM 3.0
Broadest platform support (switch & router space) for QoS
Full interoperability across the LAN & WAN DiffServ nodes
Only vendor to ship a Complete End-to-End Differentiated Only vendor to ship a Complete End-to-End Differentiated Services solutionServices solution
52525252© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
Availability
Platforms Software
Switches
Cisco Catalyst 2950EI
Cisco Catalyst 3550Cisco IOS Software Release 12.1(12c)EA1
Cisco Catalyst 4500 Cisco IOS Software Release 12.1(19)E
Cisco Catalyst 6500 Cisco Catalyst Operating System 7.5.1
Routers
Cisco 2600 Series
Cisco 2600XM Series
Cisco 3600 Series
Cisco 3700 Series
Cisco 7200 Series
Cisco IOS Software Release 12.2(15)T
53535353© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03
References
QoS Home Pagehttp://www.cisco.com/go/qos
CiscoWorks QPM 3.0http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/sw/cscowork/ps2064
AutoQoS Technical Documentation for Cat 3550 & 2950http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/lan/c3550/12112cea/3550scg/swqos.htm
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/lan/cat2950/12112cea/2950scg/swqos.htm
AutoQoS Technical Documentation for Cat 6500http://lbj.cisco.com/push_targets1/ucdit/cc/td/doc/product/lan/cat6000/sw_7_5/confg_gd/autoqos.htm#10002
54© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
AutoQoS Technical Presentation, 1/03