PHYSICSFORM 4

Chapter 1Introduction to PhysicsBy: Wan A’isyah Wan Mahdi

What is PHYSICS??

●Branch of science concerning the study of natural phenomena, properties of matter and energy also the connection between them.●Physics – Come from the Latin word physica meaning the science of natural things.●19th century – natural philosophy.●Experimental observations and quantitative measurements.

Natural Phenomena??

●Lightning and thunder.●Sea waves and tides.●Rain and sunshine.●Earthquake and hurricane.

LightningLightning is electric current

This parabolaThis parabola-shaped lava flow illustrates GalileoGalileo's law of falling bodies as well as blackbody radiation – you can tell the temperature from the color of the blackbody.

Cassiopeia ACassiopeia A – a sphericallyCassiopeia A – a spherically symmetric remnant of the 1680 supernova

The astronaut and Earth are both in free-fall

DispersionDispersion of lightDispersion of light by a prism

Everyday Objects?

●List an everyday objects around you.1)2)3)How they are related to physics concept?●Made based on physics concepts.●By theories and experiments.●Numerical analysis, calculus, computer simulations ( technology).

Physics is Quantitative

●Experimental results in physics are numerical measurements and theories.●Use mathematics to give numerical results to match these measurements.

What is the differences between physics and math?

●PHYSICS ●Ultimately concerned with descriptions of the material world, it tests its theories by comparing the predictions of its theories with data produced from the observations and experimentation.

●MATHEMATICS- Concerned with abstract logical patterns, not limited by those observed in the real world.

Fields of study in Physics

Forces and MotionNuclear physics

Heat

ElectronicsLight

Electricity andelectromagnetism Waves

1.4 Understanding Measurement

●Choosing an appropriate instrument to measure a physical quantity is important to

ensure that the measurement is accurate and reproducible.

Common Measurement Instrument

●Measurement tape- measure length of several metres.

- accurate up to 0.01 m.●Metre rule – measure lengths of a few centimetres to a metre.

- accurate up to 0.1 cm

●Vernier callipers – measure lengths of less than 10 cm.

- suitable for measuring internal or external

diameter of round object - accurate up 0.01 cm

●Micrometer screw gauge- measure the very small readings. - accurate up to 0.01 mm.

Consistency and Accuracy

●Consistency-ability of the instrument to measure a

quantity with little or no deviation among the measurement. ●Accuracy

- actual value or the nearer to the actual value.

- how close the measurement to the actual value.