Effect of Oilseed Supplementation on Amino Acid Digestibility in Laying Hen DietsIulia VARZARU*1), Tatiana PANAITE2), Arabela UNTEA2), Gabriela CORNESCU1), Ilie VAN1)

1)University of Agronomic Science and Veterinary Medicine, Bucharest, Romania 2) National Research Development Institute for Animal Biology and Nutrition (IBNA), Balotesti, Romania*Corresponding author, email: iulia_maros@yahoo.com

Bulletin UASVM Animal Science and Biotechnologies 71(2) / 2014, Print ISSN 1843-5262; Electronic ISSN 1843-536XDOI: 10.15835/buasvmcn-asb:10730

AbstractLinseed and camelina seed are used in laying hen diets for obtaining eggs enriched in PUFA, being also a

potential source of protein for poultry. The bioavailability of amino acids is an important criterion used to evaluate the ef icient utilization of feedstuffs. This study was performed in order to determine the amino acid digestibility coef icients from diets supplemented with oilseeds and fenugreek seeds. An experiment was conducted on 114 laying hens, assigned to 3 groups (C, E1, E2) and housed in metabolic cages (2 hens/cage, 38 hens/group). The hens were fed with a corn-soybean meal based diet. The experimental diets enriched in PUFA were supplemented with 5% linseed and 2% camelina seed (E1), and 2% linseed, 2 % camelina seed and 1% fenugreek seed (E2). During the inal week, the ingesta, the feed leftovers and the excreta were daily recorded, in order to form weekly average samples for amino acid balance. The aminoacids were determined by HPLC using a method according to the UE Regulation 152/2009. The digestibility coef icients of the dietary essential aminoacids decreased signi icantly in E2 (P≤0.05) when compared with the control: for lysine 86.85±2.74% in C, 81.33±1.97% in E2; for methionine 87.30±1.43% in C, 80.99±3.09% in E2; for cystine 87.21±1.40% in C, 85.16±1.48% for E2. The group E1 did not register any signi icant differences compared with C and E2. The results of this study revealed a decreasing effect on aminoacid digestibility in the group with supplemented fenugreek seed and oilseeds.

Keywords: amino acid digestibility, oilseed, laying hen

Introduction. Linseed and camelina seed are used in laying hen diets for obtaining eggs enriched in PUFA, being also a potential source of protein for poultry (Aziza et al., 2010). The bioavailability of amino acids is an important criterion used to evaluate the ef icient utilization of feedstuffs (Ravindran, 1999), being important in the formulation of diets more closely to requirements of bird (Lemme et al., 2004).

Aims and objectives. This study was per-for med in order to determine the aminoacid digestibility coef icients from hens diets, supplemented with oilseeds and fenugreek seeds.

Materials and methods. Plants origin. Fenugreek, camelina and linseed were grown on the experimental plots of the INCDA-Fundulea, in

the South East region of Romania.Animal experiment. The experiment was

conducted in an experimental hall on 114 Lohmann Brown hens (age 59 weeks), divided into 3 groups (C, E1, E2). The laying hens were housed in metabolic cages (2 hens/cage, 38 hens/group). During the 5 weeks of experiment, the feed and water were provided ad libitum. Diet formulation was in agreement with the nutritional requirements for laying hens (NRC, 1994). The structure of the control diet was: corn (32.67%), rice (15%), wheat (15%), rapeseed meal (15%), soybean meal (10%) and sun lower oil (1%). The control diet had 16.35% crude protein, 5.44 % crude fat and 2710 kcal/ kg feed. The E diets differed from C by inclusion of: 5% linseed and 2

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Bulletin UASVM Animal Science and Biotechnologies 71(2) / 2014

% camelina meal (E1); 2% linseed, 2% camelina seed and 1% fenugreek seed (E2). Raw materials and feed samples were analyzed for physical-chemical parameters according to Regulation (EC) no. 152/2009. During the inal week of the experiment (for 5 days), the ingesta, the feed leftovers and the excreta were daily recorded with accuracy for each cage, in order to perform the amino acid balance. Aminoacid apparent digestibility coef icients were calculated based on chemical determination from ingesta and excreta samples. The coef icient of apparent digestibility represents the ratio between the amount of absorbed aminoacid and the amount of ingested aminoacid (expressed as percent). Aminoacids were determined according to the UE Regulation 152/2009 using a HPLC determination method (Varzaru et al., 2013).

Results and discussion. The analysis of the laying hen diets showed that the compound feeds were balanced in regard of all aminoacids considered. Aminoacid digestibility coef icients were calculated taking into account the ingested and excreted aminoacid amounts during the balance period (Tab. 1).

The digestibility coef icients of the dietary essential amino acids decreased signi icantly in E2 (P≤0.05) when compared with the control: for lysine 86.85±2.74% in C, 81.33±1.97% in E2; for methionine 87.30±1.43% in C, 80.99±3.09% in

E2; for cystine 87.21±1.40% in C, 85.16±1.48% for E2. The group E1 did not register any signi icant differences compared with C. The essential amino-acid digestibility from E2 decreased signi icantly (P≤0.05) when compared with the E1.

Conclusion. The results of this study revealed a decreasing effect on aminoacid digestibility in the group with supplemented fenugreek seed and oilseeds.

Acknowledgements. This paper was published under the frame of European Social Found, Human Resources Development Programme 2007-2013, project no. POSDRU/ 159/1.5/S/132765.

REFERENCES1. Aziza A.E., Quezada N. and Cherian, G. (2010). Feeding

Camelina sativa meal to meat-type chickens: Effect on production performance and tissue fatty acid composition. J. Appl. Poult. Res, 19(2): 157-168.

2. Lemme A., Ravindran V., & Bryden W.L. (2004). Ileal digestibility of amino acids in feed ingredients for broilers, World’s Poultry Science Journal, nr. 60(04): 423-438.

3. Ravindran V. and Bryden W.L. (1999). Amino acid availability in poultry -In vitro and in vivo measurements. Aust. J. Agr. Res., 50(5), 889-908.

4. Regulations (EC) no 152/2009 laying down the methods of sampling and analysis for the of icial control of feed, Of icial Journal of the European Union.

5. Varzaru, I., Untea, A. E., Martura, T., Olteanu, M., Panaite, T. D., Schitea, M., & Van, I. (2013). Development and Validation of an RP-HPLC Method for Methionine, Cystine and Lysine Separation and Determination in Corn Samples. Revista de Chimie, 64(7), 673-679.

Amino acid C E1 E2 C E1 E2aspartic acid 1.731 1.739 1.688 83.74 ± 2.55 c 81.89 ± 2.00 c 77.50 ± 2.70 abglutamic acid 4.229 4.439 4.324 85.41 ± 2.42 c 83.15 ± 2.12 c 79.07 ± 2.74 ab

serine 1.025 1.037 1.117 89.91 ± 1.66 c 89.27 ± 1.10 87.68 ± 1.64 aglycine 0.792 0.804 0.848 71.20 ± 3.21 c 69.17 ± 3.39 64.74 ± 4.18 a

threonine 0.757 0.773 0.826 78.68 ± 3.11 c 78.35 ± 1.89 75 ± 2.66 aarginine 1.246 1.110 1.220 90.42 ± 1.78 bc 85.73 ± 1.71 a 83.88 ± 1.75 aalanine 0.967 1.006 1.029 77.90 ± 4.34 c 75.64 ± 2.68 c 71.14 ± 3.46 abtyrosine 0.538 0.581 0.580 86.12 ± 2.89 c 84.14 ± 1.90 c 80.32 ± 2.96 ab

valine 1.340 1.161 1.127 84.98 ± 2.41 bc 81.27 ± 1.79 ac 76.12 ± 3.41 abphenylalanine 0.952 0.802 0.873 85.93 ± 1.81 bc 81.89 ± 2.51 a 80.17 ± 3.34 a

isoleucine 0.655 0.743 0.752 79.07 ± 3.30 80.22 ± 1.83 c 75.72 ± 3.86 bleucine 1.529 1.553 1.513 86.49 ± 2.16 c 85.47 ± 1.34 c 80.79 ± 2.83 ablysine 0.878 0.911 0.940 86.85 ± 2.74 c 86.02 ± 1.54 c 81.33 ± 1.97 ab

cystine 0.423 0.471 0.468 87.21 ± 1.40 c 88.10 ± 1.44 c 85.16 ± 1.48 abmethionine 0.502 0.467 0.454 87.30 ± 1.43 c 84.94 ± 1.46 c 80.99 ± 3.09 ab

Tab. 1 The aminoacid concentrations in laying hens diets, % DM and apparent digestibility coef icients (%) for analyzed amino acids

Where: a, b, c = signi icantly different (p≤0.05) from C; E1; E2.

VARZARU et al