Solutions. solute solvent substance being dissolved substance in which solute is dissolved “VATER”
10.3 RXN in AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS. Definitions Solvent – the substance that dissolves the solute...
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10.3 RXN in AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS
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Transcript of 10.3 RXN in AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS. Definitions Solvent – the substance that dissolves the solute...
10.3 RXN in AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS
Definitions
Solvent – the substance that dissolves the solute
Solute - the substance that is dissolved
Aqueous – (aq) solution in which water is the solvent
Solubility
If a substance dissolves or dissociates when imersed in another substance
http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/sugar-and-salt-solutions
General Guidelines
Most things with Group 1 metals◦Li +, Na +, K +, Rb +, Cs +, and NH4
+
Common NO3-, ClO3
-, and ClO4-
Most chlorides (Cl-), ◦Exceptions AgCl, Hg2Cl2, PbCl2
Br- and I- similar to Cl-◦Solubility decreases with ion size
General Guidelines
F- usually soluble except MgF2, CaF2, SrF2, BaF2 and PbF2
Common SO4- are soluble
◦Except PbSO4 ,BaSO4 , HgSO4
Most metal hydroxides are insoluble◦Exceptions Group 1 and Group 2 from Ca down
General Guidelines
CO32- & PO4
3- only group 1 and NH4+
Sulfides (S2-) group 1, 2, and NH4+
General Guidelines
HOW are we going to remember all this
We are not going to, for now
RXN that form Precipitate
A solution of sodium hydroxide is added to a solution of copper (II) chloride to yield sodium chloride and solid copper (II) hydroxide.
Write as balanced eqn
RXN that form Precipitate
2NaOH(aq) + CuCL2(aq) 2NaCl(aq) + Cu(OH)2(s)
Na+
Na+
OH-
OH-
Cl-
Cl-
Cu2+
RXN that form Precipitate
2NaOH(aq) + CuCL2(aq) 2NaCl(aq) + Cu(OH)2(s)
Na+
Na+
OH-
OH-
Cl-
Cl-
Cu2+
Complete Ionic Eqn
2NaOH(aq) + CuCL2(aq)
Na+
Na+
OH-
OH-
Cl-
Cl-
Cu2+
2Na+(aq) + 2OH-
(aq) + Cu2+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq)
2NaCl(aq) + Cu(OH)2(s)
Complete Ionic Eqn
2NaCl(aq) + Cu(OH)2(s)
Na+
Na+
OH-
OH-
Cl-
Cl-
Cu2+
2Na+(aq)+ 2Cl-(aq) + Cu(OH)2(s)
2NaOH(aq) + CuCL2(aq)
Complete Ionic Eqn
2NaOH(aq) + CuCL2(aq) 2NaCl(aq) + Cu(OH)2(s)
2Na+(aq) + 2OH-
(aq) + Cu2+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq)
2Na+(aq)+ 2Cl-(aq) + Cu(OH)2(s)
Net Ionic Eqn
2NaOH(aq) + CuCL2(aq) 2NaCl(aq) + Cu(OH)2(s)
2Na+(aq) + 2OH-
(aq) + Cu2+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq)
2Na+(aq)+ 2Cl-(aq) + Cu(OH)2(s)
2OH-(aq) + Cu2+
(aq) Cu(OH)2(s)
RXN that form Water
RXN that form Water
Hydrobromic acid is added to aqueous lithium hydroxide to produce a solution of lithium bromide.
Write the balanced equation.
RXN that form Water
HBr(aq) + LiOH(aq) H2O(l) +LiBr(aq)
RXN that form Water
HBr(aq) + LiOH(aq) H2O(l) + LiBr(aq)
Write the complete Ionic Eqn
RXN that form Water
HBr(aq) + LiOH(aq) H2O(l) + LiBr(aq)
Write the complete Ionic Eqn
H+(aq)+Br-
(aq)+Li+(aq)+OH-(aq)H2O(l)+Li+(aq)+Br-
(aq)
RXN that form Water
HBr(aq) + LiOH(aq) H2O(l) + LiBr(aq)
Write the complete Ionic Eqn
H+(aq)+Br-
(aq)+Li+(aq)+OH-(aq)H2O(l)+Li+(aq)+Br-
(aq)
Write the Net Ionic Eqn
RXN that form Water
HBr(aq) + LiOH(aq) H2O(l) + LiBr(aq)
Write the complete Ionic Eqn
H+(aq)+Br-
(aq)+Li+(aq)+OH-(aq)H2O(l)+Li+(aq)+Br-
(aq)
Write the Net Ionic Eqn
H+(aq) + OH-
(aq) H2O(l)
Your turn
HBr(aq) + LiOH(aq) H2O(l) + LiBr(aq)
Draw a molecular level representation. Showing the balanced equation.
RXN that form GAS
Common gases that form
CO2 HCN H2S
http://www.sunburncures.net/home-remedies/
vinegar-relieve-sunburns/ http://www.londonlocalservices.co.uk/10-useful-tips-for-cleaning-with-baking-soda/
RXN that form GAS
Common gases that form
CO2 HCN H2S
http://thatparentplace.com/2008/06/26/craft-project-building-
a-volcano/
Why CO2?
HCl + NaHCO3 H2CO3 +NaCl
Why CO2?
HCl + NaHCO3 H2CO3 +NaCl
H2CO3 H2O + CO2
HCl + NaHCO3 + H2CO3 H2CO3 + H2O + CO2 +NaCl
