10[1]. Psychological Assessment
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PSYCHOLOGY FOR MANAGERSPSYCHOLOGY FOR MANAGERS
SESSIONSESSION
PSYCHOLOGICALPSYCHOLOGICAL
ASSESSMENTASSESSMENT
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MEASUREMENT OFMEASUREMENT OF
INTELLIGENCEINTELLIGENCE
Stanford BinetStanford Binet Tests : Verbal contentTests : Verbal content
IIntelligence Quotient (IQ) =ntelligence Quotient (IQ) =Mental AgeMental Age X 100X 100
Chronological AgeChronological Age
Now , IQ indicates an individuals performanceNow , IQ indicates an individuals performance
on an intelligence test relative to those of otheron an intelligence test relative to those of other
personspersons
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WECHSLER SCALESWECHSLER SCALES
WISC Scale,
WAIS Scale
WISC Scale,
WAIS Scale
Verbal Tests:Verbal Tests:Information , Digit Span, Vocabulary, Arithmetic,Information , Digit Span, Vocabulary, Arithmetic,
ComprehensionComprehension
NonNon--verbal / Performance Tests:verbal / Performance Tests:
Picture Completion, Picture Arrangement, BlockPicture Completion, Picture Arrangement, BlockDesign, Object Assembly, Digit SymbolDesign, Object Assembly, Digit Symbol
Individual TestIndividual Test
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TESTS OF INTELLIGENCETESTS OF INTELLIGENCE
Group TestsGroup Tests : Screening people for World: Screening people for World
War I in 1917War I in 1917
Army Alpha & Army Beta Tests, OtisArmy Alpha & Army Beta Tests, Otis
Tests, Cognitive Abilities TestsTests, Cognitive Abilities Tests
Culture Fair Tests:Culture Fair Tests:
Raven Progressive MatricesRaven Progressive MatricesCattells Culture Fair TestCattells Culture Fair Test
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APTITUDE TESTSAPTITUDE TESTS
VerbalVerbal
NumericalNumerical
SpatialSpatial
Perceptual Speed & AccuracyPerceptual Speed & Accuracy
ReasoningReasoning
Originality & Ideational FluencyOriginality & Ideational Fluency
Word FluencyWord Fluency
Special Abilities: Music, Artistic, Psychomotor,Special Abilities: Music, Artistic, Psychomotor,Physical etc.Physical etc.
E.g. DAT. GATBE.g. DAT. GATB
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MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCESMULTIPLE INTELLIGENCESHoward GardnerHoward Gardner
1.1. NaturalisticNaturalistic
2.2. ExistentialExistential
3.3. SpatialSpatial4.4. LinguisticLinguistic
5.5. LogicalLogical
6.6. KinestheticKinesthetic7.7. MusicalMusical
8.8. IntraIntra--personalpersonal
9.9. InterInter--personalpersonal
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PERSONALITY TESTINGPERSONALITY TESTING
Personality QuestionnairesPersonality Questionnaires::
16 Personality Factors Test16 Personality Factors TestCPICPI California Psychological InventoryCalifornia Psychological InventoryEPIEPI-- EyesenckPersonality QuestionnaireEyesenckPersonality Questionnaire
MMPIMMPI-- Minnesota Multiphasic PersonalityMinnesota Multiphasic PersonalityInventoryInventoryMBTIMBTI-- MyersMyers--Briggs Type IndicatorBriggs Type Indicator
Projective Measures:Projective Measures:Rorschach InkRorschach Ink--Blot TestBlot TestThematic Apperception test (TAT)Thematic Apperception test (TAT)
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ESSENTIALS OF TESTINGESSENTIALS OF TESTING
Test StandardizationTest Standardization Well constructed tests show a normalWell constructed tests show a normal
distribution of scoresdistribution of scores
The bell curveThe bell curve
Most scores fall near the middle andMost scores fall near the middle and
fewer & fewer scores occur at thefewer & fewer scores occur at the
extremesextremes
Helps in determining just where anHelps in determining just where an
individual stands relative to otherindividual stands relative to other
persons who took the testpersons who took the test
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ESSENTIALS OF TESTINGESSENTIALS OF TESTING
ReliabilityReliability
The extent to which the test yields the sameThe extent to which the test yields the sameresult each time it is applied to the sameresult each time it is applied to the samequantityquantity
Internal Consistency:Internal Consistency: All items on the testAll items on the testactually measure what the test is designed toactually measure what the test is designed tomeasure.measure.
SplitSplit--Half Reliability:Half Reliability: Correlation betweenCorrelation betweenscores on two parts of the testscores on two parts of the test
TestTest--Retest Reliability:Retest Reliability: Measure of the extent toMeasure of the extent to
which scores on a test remain stable over time.which scores on a test remain stable over time.
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ESSENTIALS OF TESTINGESSENTIALS OF TESTING
ValidityValidity
The extent to which a test actually measuresThe extent to which a test actually measureswhat it claims to measurewhat it claims to measure
Content Validity:Content Validity: The extent to which items onThe extent to which items ona test are related in a straighta test are related in a straight--forward way to theforward way to thecharacteristic the test aims to measurecharacteristic the test aims to measure
Criterion Validity:Criterion Validity: The extent to which scoresThe extent to which scoreson a test are related to behaviors (criteria) thaton a test are related to behaviors (criteria) thatare relevant to the characteristics the testare relevant to the characteristics the testpurports to measurepurports to measure
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TESTING IN ORGANIZATIONSTESTING IN ORGANIZATIONS Recruitment and SelectionRecruitment and Selection
-- Technical TestsTechnical Tests-- Skill TestsSkill Tests-- General Ability TestsGeneral Ability Tests-- Job Sample TestsJob Sample Tests-- Structured InterviewStructured Interview
Training & DevelopmentTraining & Development
Performance Appraisal & PromotionsPerformance Appraisal & Promotions SurveysSurveys
Assessment / Development CentersAssessment / Development Centers
-- Competency basedCompetency based
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ASSESSMENT CENTERASSESSMENT CENTER
Is a multiple assessment approachIs a multiple assessment approach
Uses a variety of assessment techniquesUses a variety of assessment techniques
Multiple Trained Assessors to reduceMultiple Trained Assessors to reducesubjectivitysubjectivity
Assessments made on several dimensionsAssessments made on several dimensions
Several candidates are assessed togetherSeveral candidates are assessed together
Applications:Applications:-- Identification of potentialIdentification of potential-- Diagnosis of Training & Development needsDiagnosis of Training & Development needs-- Organizational PlanningOrganizational Planning
-- Team Skills DevelopmentTeam Skills Development
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ASSESSMENT TOOLSASSESSMENT TOOLS
Group Discussion (Unstructured ,Group Discussion (Unstructured ,Structured)Structured)
Oral CommunicationOral Communication
Written CommunicationWritten Communication
Role PlaysRole Plays
Case Study Analysis (Real / Simulated)Case Study Analysis (Real / Simulated)
Group Simulation ExerciseGroup Simulation Exercise InIn--basket Exercisebasket Exercise
PenPen--andand--Paper ExercisePaper Exercise
Competency based InterviewCompetency based Interview
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COMPETENCY MATRIXCOMPETENCY MATRIX
Business DevelopmentBusiness Development Problem Solving & Decision MakingProblem Solving & Decision Making
Communication; OralWrittenCommunication; OralWritten
Productive ThinkingProductive Thinking Planning & OrganizingPlanning & Organizing
Team workTeam work
Resource ManagementResource Management
InterInter--personal Communicationpersonal Communication
InfluencingInfluencing
LeadershipLeadership
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RATING SCALERATING SCALE
A uniform & generally descriptiveA uniform & generally descriptiveassessment criteria for ratingassessment criteria for ratingperformance on various Assessmentperformance on various Assessmentexercises.exercises.
Based on recording evidence ofBased on recording evidence ofbehavioral indicators on competenciesbehavioral indicators on competencies
Results integrated from various exercisesResults integrated from various exercises& assessors& assessors
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REFERENCESREFERENCES
Psychology : BaronPsychology : Baron
www.hrwww.hr--guide.com/data/G318.htmguide.com/data/G318.htm
www.joe.org/joe/2000www.joe.org/joe/2000 www.pscwww.psc--cfp.gc.ca/ppc/assessmentcfp.gc.ca/ppc/assessment
www.simulations.co.ukwww.simulations.co.uk