1005-1020 Commercialisation of Acidicc Raw Water … Commercialisation … · Ismail Ibrahim (IBI)...

Part 1Part 1

MEREALISASIKAN APLIKASI MEREALISASIKAN APLIKASI

SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI

INTRODUCTION

High acidity in water resources is most common in Malaysia

especially in area where soils are of acid sulphate in nature.

Acidity in water resource occurs when influent into local

stream are of low pH, as low as 3. Other sources of acidified

water resources originates from acidmining drainage ( AMD ). water resources originates from acidmining drainage ( AMD ).

Presence of pyrite leaves high sulphate acid into both surface

and subsurface water flows.

PROCESS OF ACID GENERATION

Oxidation of pyrite by oxygen: sulfur is oxidized to sulfate and ferrous iron is released.

4 FeS2 +15 O2 + 14 H2O � 4 Fe(OH)3 + 8 H2SO4

2 FeS2 + 7 O2 + 2 H2O � 2 Fe2+ + 4 SO42- + 4 H+

Ferrous iron is converted to ferric iron. Certain bacteria increase the rate of oxidation from ferrous to ferric iron.

4 Fe2+ + O2 + 4 H+ � 4 Fe3+ + 2 H2O

THIOBACILLUS FEROXIDANS

Hydrolysis of iron: formation of ferric hydroxide (“yellow boy”) precipitate is pH dependant. (pH>3.5)

4 Fe3+ + 12 H2O � 4 Fe(OH)3 + 12 H+

Oxidation of additional pyrite by ferric iron. Note that ferric iron is generated in reaction steps 1 and 2. This

PROCESS OF ACID GENERATION

ferric iron is generated in reaction steps 1 and 2. This is the cyclic and self-propagating part of the reaction and continues until either ferric iron or pyrite are depleted.

FeS2 + 14 Fe3+ + 8 H2O � 15 Fe2+ + 2 SO42- + 16 H+

BACKGROUND

Sungai Bekok which is located in the western part of the state of Johor, passing through the district of Batu Pahat, is the main source for raw water supply to the Sri Gading water treatment plant. 300,000 water consumers in the town of Batu Pahat frequently experienced long periods of water supply interruptions due to the poor raw water quality of too low pH interruptions due to the poor raw water quality of too low pH value that cannot be treated in the Sri Gading water treatment plant. The acidity of the raw water is extremely high for normal economical water treatment processing. Thus, the water treatment capacity of the plant has to be reduced as the conventional liming, adding of calcium carbonate to bring down

the acidity, no longer capable of improving the pH value.

Pilot Raw Water Passive Treatment Construction for Acidified Soil

PROJECT

CONTROL ACIDIFIED WATER RESOURCES AT

SUNGAI BEKOK, BATU PAHAT, THROUGH

ELECTRICAL DEIONIZATION

PROF. Ir. Dr. AMIR HASHIM MOHD KASSIM, EN. MOHD NAZRI MOHIDEEN, LIANG KAH TAT, ISMAIL IBRAHIM (IBI)

PROF. Ir. Dr. AMIR HASHIM MOHD KASSIM, EN. MOHD NAZRI MOHIDEEN, LIANG KAH TAT, ISMAIL IBRAHIM (IBI)

PROF. Ir. Dr. AMIR HASHIM MOHD KASSIM, EN. MOHD NAZRI MOHIDEEN, LIANG KAH TAT,ISMAIL IBRAHIM (IBI)

PROF. Ir. Dr. AMIR HASHIM MOHD KASSIM, EN. MOHD NAZRI MOHIDEEN, LIANG KAH TAT,ISMAIL IBRAHIM (IBI)

Ismail Ibrahim (IBI) Prof. Ir. Dr. Amir Hashim Mohd Kassim

Prof. Madya Ab. Aziz Abdul Latiff Prof. Madya Ir. Hj. Abd. Rashid Othman

Prof. Madya Ahmad Tarmizi Abdul Karim Adnan Zainorabidin Nor Haslina Hashim

Kapt Dr. Nor Irwan Ahmat Nor Shahabudin Mustapha

Mohamad Faizal Tajul Baharuddin Md Nazri Mohidin Mohd Adib Mohammad Razi

Ismail Ibrahim Sabariah Musa

Tan Lai Wai Tan Lai Wai Zarina Md Ali Norzila Othman

Rafidah Hamdan Roslinda Seswoya

Azra Munirah Mat Daud Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohd

Hartini Kasmin Nor Aliza Ahmad Aeslina Abd. Kadir

Mas Rahayu bt Jalil Mohd. Baharudin Ridzuan

Wan Afnizan Wan Mohamed Muhammad Najib Mohd Razali

Aryani Ahmad Latiffi

Hjh. Safiah Abdullah Khir Liang Kah Tat

Mohamad Niizar Abdurahman

RAW WATER PASSIVE TREATMENT SYSTEM

HIGH ACIDITY H+ SOIL WATER (LOW pH)

ELECTRICAL DEIONISATION REDUCE H+ (RAISE pH)

ELECTRICAL ENERGY

ANOXIC LIME DRAINAGE REDUCE H+ (RAISE pH) AND

REMOVE HEAVY METALS

NEUTRALISED RAW WATER

FODDER CROP

H+

e-

e-

H+H+

e-e-

DEIONISATION PROCESS

H+

H+H+

H+

e-

e-

e-e-

e-

H+

Cathode Anode

ANOXIC LIMESTONE DRAINAGE

ORGANIC SOIL

LIMESTONES

RAW WATER PASSIVE TREATMENT SYSTEM MODEL

Acidic Raw WaterElectrical Deionsation

Process

Anoxic Lime Drainage

High pH Treated Raw Water

RESULTS

Voltage Vs Time

1

1.5

2

2.5

Vo

ltag

e (v

olt

)Distance = 8cm

Distance = 4cm

Distance = 3cm

Distance = 2cm

-0.5

0

0.5

1

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Time (hour)

Vo

ltag

e (v

olt

)

Linear (Distance =8cm)



Linear (Distance =

RESULTS

Time Vs pH

5

6

7

8

9p

HDistance = 8cm

Distance = 4cm

Distance = 3cm

Distance = 2cm

0

1

2

3

4

5

0 5 10 15 20

Time (hour)

pH Distance = 2cm





STREAM

UNDERGROUND DIVERSION PIPES

ELECTRICAL DEIONISATION BANK

LOW pH FLOW

BIO ELECTRICITY

THE PLAN PRODUCT

DEIONISATION BANK

ANOXIC LIME DRAINAGE

DAM/ GATE WITH

OVERFLOW SPILLWAY

HIGH pH FLOW

FODDER CROPS

LAND OWNERS/ JKKK

JOHOR STATE GOVERNMENT/ MAJLIS DAERAH/

THE COMMERCIALISATION PLAN

Application

Application

Technical Quality Raw Water

1.

2.4. 6.

LIMESTONES

MAJLIS DAERAH/ MAJLIS PERBANDARAN

KUiTTHO ENTERPRISE

FINANCIAL INSTITUTION/ FEDERAL GOVERNMENT

Application

RM RM3.5.

CONCLUSION

PROJECT BENEFIT FOR

WATER SUPPLY

AGRICULTURE

AQUACULTURE

LIMESTONES

AQUACULTURE

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Fakulti Kejuruteraan Awam dan Alam Sekitar

Kolej Universiti Teknologi Tun Hussein OnnParit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor

WISHES TO CONVEY OUR DEEPEST APPRECIATION TO THE WISHES TO CONVEY OUR DEEPEST APPRECIATION TO THE PRIME MINISTER OF MALAYSIA

FOR HIS INTEREST FOR THIS PROJECTTHANK YOU

SILVER MEDAL WINNER ITEX 2005 & IPTA 2005

Projek ini the memenangi pingat perak di Pameran

Antarabangsa ITEX 2005 di PWTC Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

pada 19- 21 Mei 2005.pada 19- 21 Mei 2005.

Dan

Pameran IPTA 2005 di PWTC Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Pada 2 October 2005

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Pusat Penyelidekan, Perundingan dan Pembelajaran Berterusan, KUiTTHO

Fakulti Kejuruteraan Awam dan Alam Sekitar

Kolej Universiti Teknologi Tun Hussein OnnParit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor

Center for Environment, Construction and Transportation StudiesKUiTTHO

Pusat Kajian Tanah Lembut (RECESS) KUiTTHO

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

Kementerian Pendidikan Tinggi Malaysia

Part 2Part 2

Signing CeremonyMEMORANDUM of UNDERSTANDING

UTHM COMMERICAL SDN. BHD.

and

OTSM (Johor)

for

COMMERCIALISATION OF ACIDIC RAW WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

ACIDIC RAW WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM IS DEVELOPED BY THE FACULTY OF CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING OF THE

UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA IN PARIT RAJA, BATU PAHAT, JOHORE, MALAYSIA

SINCE

2004

FOR

OVERCOMING OF PERIODIC WATER SUPPLY SHORTAGES IN BATU PAHAT DISTRICT CAUSED BY THE EXTREMELY HIGH ACIDITY RAW

WATER

HIGH ACIDITY IN RAW WATER IN BATU PAHAT IS DUE TO THE NATURAL NATURE OF ITS PYRITIC ACID SULPHATE SOIL

DOMINANCE

ACID SULPHATE SOIL ARE AVAILABLE IN WEST COAST OF ACID SULPHATE SOIL ARE AVAILABLE IN WEST COAST OF PENINSULA MALAYSIA, SARAWAK, SABAH, EASTERN

AUSTRALIA, IN THE BOGS OF BRITISH ISLE, ACID MINING DRAINAGE OF COLORADO, PENNSYLVANIA ETC.. ETC.

How extensive are acid sulphate soils?Soil survey data are sketchy for most parts of the world but aggregation of the most recent estimates suggests a total of 24 million hectares world-wide where

acid sulphate soils and potential acid sulphate soils are a dominant feature of the acid sulphate soils and potential acid sulphate soils are a dominant feature of the landscape. Probably there is at least as much again buried beneath peat and non-sulphidic alluvium but which might be exposed by deep drainage or excavations

.Reported extent of acid sulphate soils, estimates in thousands of hectares

Australia 3000 Bangladesh 226 Brazil 1111 Cameroon 250 China 100 Central America 650 Finland 380 Gabon 348 Gambia 160Ghana/Togo/Benin 150 Guinea 825 Guinea-Bissau 1175 Guyanas 1246 India 293 Indonesia 4109 Kenya <100 Kenya <100 Liberia 30 Madagascar 528 Malaysia 657 Mauritania 131 Mozambique 168 Myanmar 1200 Nigeria 1000 North America 100

Philippines <500 Senegal 600 Sweden 140 Sri Lanka 20

Thailand 1500 Uruguay 37

Venezuela 2000 Vietnam 2140 Kampuchea 211

THE MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING ENTAILS

FUNDING BY OTSM (Johor)

with

TECHNICAL DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGERIAL BY TECHNICAL DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGERIAL BY UTHM COMMERCIAL SDN. BHD.

for

RM 500 MILLION ACID RAW WATER TREATMENT PLANT PROJECT

RM 500 MILLION ACID RAW WATER TREATMENT PLANT

LOCATION:ON THE BANK OF SUNGAI SEMBRONG, PARIT RAJA, BATU PAHAT, JOHORE

SIZE:20 ACRES

CAPACITY: 80 MILLION LITRE DAY (MLD) WATER11 MILLION KG TREATED WASTE WATER DAILY70 MEGA WATT ELECTRIC GENERATION

WASTE WATER

ACIDIC WATER

WATER

BIO ELECTRIC

ACID RAW WATER TREATMENT PLANT

BIO ELECTRIC

12 ACRES ACID RAW WATER TREATMENT

PONDS

4 NOS. 300 MT WASTE WATER HOLDING TANKS

POWER INVERTER PONDS

80 MLD WATER TREATMENT

PLANT

POWER INVERTER ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION

STATION

LABORATORIES, STORE AND

OFFICES

LAYOUT OF THE FIRST ACID RAW WATER TREATMENT PLANT

THE ACID WATER TREATMENT PLANT

LOCATION SITE FOR AN ACID RAW WATER TREATMENT PLANT

EXPECTED ANNUAL REVENUES

WATERRM 4 MILLIONRM 4 MILLION

POWERRM 93 MILLION

CHORONOLOGY OF EVENTS

2003 – WATER SHORTAGES2004 – START RESEARCH

2005 – EXHIBIT INVENTION2006 – PATENT APPLICATION2007 – SOURCING FUNDING

2012 - COMMERCIALISATION

Voltage Vs Time

1

1.5

2

2.5

Vo

ltag

e (v

olt

)Distance = 8cm

Distance = 4cm

Distance = 3cm

Distance = 2cm

-0.5

0

0.5

1

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Time (hour)

Vo

ltag

e (v

olt

)




Linear (Distance =

Time Vs pH

5

6

7

8

9p

HDistance = 8cm

Distance = 4cm

Distance = 3cm

Distance = 2cm

0

1

2

3

4

5

0 5 10 15 20

Time (hour)

pH Distance = 2cm





Part 3Part 3

Cell Module for acid water treatment 2012

Time 0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00

pH 3.38 3.57 3.87 4.24 4.59 4.88 5.14 5.58 5.92 6.45 6.45

Voltage 2.40 2.10 1.80 1.60 1.40 1.10 0.90 0.70 0.50 0.30 0.00

mAmpere 16.00 14.00 11.00 10.00 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 3.00 1.00 0.00

power w 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

mAh 15.00 12.50 10.50 9.00 7.50 6.50 5.50 4.00 2.00 0.50

kW/m3 3.20 2.45 1.65 1.33 0.93 0.64 0.45 0.29 0.13 0.03 0.00

kWh/m3 2.83 2.05 1.49 1.13 0.79 0.55 0.37 0.21 0.08 0.01

Some of the output achieve from model analysis

kW/m3

9.50 kWh/m36080 Ah/m3

compare

Oregon/ Penn State IBI

kW/m3 2.00 3.00

pH Range 5 to 7 < 3 to 7

Time hours

9.50 kWh/m3

6080 Ah/m3

NO DISCUSSION ACTION

1.

UTHM informed ST that Ministry of Energy, Green Technology and Water (KeTTHA) was contacted

for information on the Incentives for Renewable Energy. The Deputy Director of KeTTHA clarified

that at present energy derived from natural acid is not categorized, but this matter could be

looked at.

info

2.

ST invited UTHM to give briefing on the proposed commercialization of acidic water treatment at

Sg Sembrong with the emphasis on the electrical output produced in the process. info

3.ST proposed that Sustainable Electric Development Authority (SEDA) should be informed about

this matter.UTHM, KeTTHA & SEDA

4.

ST stated that the Small Renewable Energy Programme (SREP) has been taken over by SEDA with

the implementation of the Renewable Energy Act 2011, Act 725 and Sustainable Energy

Development Authority Act 2011. All Fit in Tarif (FiT) application must go through SEDA.

Info & UTHM

MEETING: PENERANGAN PROJEK PENGKOMERSIALAN RAWATAN AIR MENTAH BERASID DARI

SUNGAI SEMBRONG, BATU PAHAT, JOHOR

DATE: 30 TH JANUARY 2013 (2:30 pm TO 4:00 pm)

PLACE: BILIK MESYUARAT TINGKAT 5, SURUHANJAYA TENAGA, NO. 12 JALAN TUN HUSSEIN,

PRESINT 2, PUTRAJAYA

Development Authority Act 2011. All Fit in Tarif (FiT) application must go through SEDA.

5.As at present the list of resources of RE covered by FiT are biomass, biogas, solar photovoltaic and

small hydro. Info

6.

UTHM pointed out the Renewable Energy Act 2011 in Part 1, Preliminary, Para 2. Interpretation ,

“renewable energy installation” means an installation which generates renewable energy and

includes any technical facility of that installation which converts mechanical, chemical, thermal or

electromagnetic energy directly into electricity;. Henceforth the natural acidic water which is

chemical is covered under this act.

Info, KeTTHA, ST & SEDA

7.

ST suggested that the proposed commercialization of acidic water treatment at Sg Sembrong to be

continued and make request to SEDA to consider this new RE resource. Decision for

reconsideration can be resolved at ministerial level and forward to the Attorney General (AG)

Info & UTHM, KeTTHA

8.

ST cautious on the financing of RE projects as banks are very strict on loans due to present

uncertainties of the FiT rates, performance capability FiT holders, public acceptance and state

restrictions on state own resources. Corporate guarantee funding are proven more successful. Info & UTHM

9.

UTHM requested this discussion is officially noted by ST. ST

Part 4Part 4

BUSINESS MODEL

COMMERCIALISATION

CELL MODULE

MANUFACTURING

TREATMENT

ORGANIC WASTE

SUPPLY

MANAGEMENT

INVESTOR

RELATION

MANAGEMENT

COMMERCIALISATION

OF ACIDIC RAW WATER

TREATMENT

TREATMENT

PLANT

CONSTRUCTIONWATER SUPPLY

MANAGEMENT

CARBON CREDIT

MANAGEMENTMICRO BIO

CULTIVATION

R & D

MANAGEMENT

1005-1020 Commercialisation of Acidicc Raw Water … Commercialisation … · Ismail Ibrahim (IBI)...

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