Good Day!

DRAW A LINE SEPARATING TODAY & YESTERDAY1) Write: Date: 01/01/09, Topic: Industrial Philosophies2) On the next line, write “Opener #22” and then:

1) Plot your mood, reflect in 1 sent.2) Respond to the opener by writing at least 2 sentences about:Your opinions/thoughts OR/AND

Questions sparked by the clip OR/AND

Summary of the clip OR/AND

Other things going on in the news.Announcements: NoneIntro Music: Untitled

Agenda1) Industrial Revolution Philosophies

What you will be able to do:1) How did industrialized (machine) life change people’s views of the world?

Reminder1) FR Project Due Mon, 10/05

Participation (10 points a week)Negative Mark: Minus 2 Points Each0 Check: 6 Points1 Check: 7 Points2 Checks: 8 Points3 Checks: 9 Points4 Checks: 10 Points 5 Checks: 11 Points (+1 EC)6 Checks: 12 Points (+2 EC)7 Checks: 13 Points (+3 EC)8 Checks: 14 Points (+4 EC)

Mock Quiz1) UK was first for all of the following reasons

EXCEPT?a) More mobile culture than rest of Europeb) Better educated, more innovative peoplec) Money to finance factories

2) Moving from river to coal factories mean all EXCEPT

a) Factories were moved to the highlandsb) Pollution got worsec) Factories could run whenever the factory owner

wanted the factory to run

1600-1750: Enlightenment

1750-1800: Political Rev.

1800-1900: Nationalism

1600-1750: Agric. Rev.

1750-1900: Ind. Rev. 1(Factories)

1900-X: Ind. Rev. 2(Corporations)

Timeline up to now:

Review1) Agricultural Revolution (1500-1700):

Enlightenment help farmers share ideas (farm journals) lead to: better soil care, machines, selective breeding, and 1800s (food explosion): chemical fertilizers and powered machines.

a) Enclosure: Machines produce more with less ppl, but cost more, rich famers buy out poor, create large farms

b) Population Boom: Extra food encourages population to grow

c) Unemployed: More births + poor farmers with no land draw them to the cities (where new factories have jobs).

Review2) Why was England (UK) 1st: a) Financial capital (money): UK had

money to invest from trade (Factories were costly)

b) Entrepreneurism (someone start biz): Unlike Europe, UK culture supported “get ahead” biz culture no matter blood line (biz had power in H. of Commons)

c) Stable Hands Off Gov: Limited monarchy was stable (no invasions) and did not interfere with biz operations

d) Geography: UK had many harbors (transport), iron (machines), rivers (water power), and coal (steam power)

Review3) Immediate Impact of the Ind. Rev: a) Creative Destruction: New innovations

destroying old jobs (esp. craftsman)b) New Class System (NOT nobles BUT): Business Class vs. Working Classc) City Growth: Dirty cities sprout around

factories (Tenements: dense housing)d) Time: Instead of nature or self, time is

controlled by jobs, factories, machinese) Labor Hardships: Factory jobs were

boring, dangerous, and drew kids+ women (women working will = power)

f) Cheaper Goods: Ppl could buy goods once only rich could afford, therefore increasing demand for goods.

Frederick Engels

Notes #22a, Title: “Industrial Philosophies Notes”

10 Key Dates So Far1689 Locke writes on Social Contract Theory1701 Tull Seed Drill Example of Agric. Innovation1733 Kay Flying Shuttle Expands Textile Factories1775 Watts Steam Engine Perfected (IR 1st Stage)1776 American Revolution + Smith’s Wealth of Nat.1789-1799 French Revolution1799-15 Napoleonic Era1814-15 Congress of Vienna restore Eur. monarchs1830 First Operating Railroad1855 Bessemer Perfects Cheap Steel (IR 2nd Stage)

Leeds Woollen Workers Petition, 1786We plead for the further continuance of these

machines: Men of common sense must know, that so many machines in use, take the work from the hands employed in Scribbling, - and who did that business before machines were invented.

How are those men, thus thrown out of employ to provide for their families; - and what are they to put their children apprentice to, that the rising generation may have something to keep them at work, in order that they may not be like vagabonds strolling about in idleness? Some say, Begin and learn some other business. - Suppose we do; who will maintain our families, whilst we undertake the arduous task; and when we have learned it, another machine may arise, which may take away that business also… Signed, in behalf of THOUSANDS

Work #16a, Title “Group Responses”

Write your response, then share with your partner, and write their response.

a) Your Response b) Their Reponses (include their name)

1a) What would be your response to receiving such a petition? (keep in mind you spend a lot of money to create the factory, you make a lot of money too).

1b) Their response.

Thomas Robert Malthus’s Principle of Population, 1798“The way in which, these effects are produced seems to be this. We will suppose the means of subsistence in any country just equal to the easy support of its inhabitants. The constant effort towards population... increases the number of people before the means of subsistence are increased. The food therefore which before supported seven millions must now be divided among seven millions and a half or eight millions. The poor consequently must live much worse.”

David Ricardo’s The Iron Law of Wages, 1817 “As population increases, these necessaries will be constantly rising in price, because more labour will be necessary to produce them. If, then, the money wages of labour should fall, whilst every commodity on which the wages of labour were expended rose, the labourer would be doubly affected, and would be soon totally deprived of subsistence…wages should be left to the fair and free competition of the market, and should never be controlled by the legislature.”

Notes #22a, Title: “Industrial Philosophy Notes” 1) Classical Liberalism (Conservatism): Gov bad, ppl should be free (personal-Locke+in business-Smith)2) Utilitarianism: Gov should do whatever maximizes

the good for the most people.3) Jeremy Bentham: Father of utilitarianism4) Modern Liberalism (Liberal): Gov should promote

education + welfare services to prepare ppl for their freedom

5) John Stuart Mills: Father of modern liberals6) Utopian Socialism: Ppl share control of resources to

create an equitable society7) Socialism: Gov take control of SOME resources

from the upper class, to create an equitable society8) Robert Owen: Father of utopianism and socialism 9) Communism: Gov controlling all resources10) Friedrich Engels+Karl Marx: Father of Marxism

(history is class struggle) and communism

Notes #22a, Title: “Industrial Philosophy Notes” 1) Classical Liberalism (Conservatism): Gov bad,

ppl should be free (personal-Locke + in business-Smith)

Adam Smith’s Wealth of Nations 1776 "It is not from the benevolence of the butcher, the brewer or the baker that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own self-interest... [Every individual] intends only his own security, only his own gain. And he is in this led by an invisible hand to promote an end which was no part of his intention. By pursuing his own interest, he frequently promotes that of society more effectually than when he really intends to promote it."

Notes #22a, Title: “Industrial Philosophy Notes” 1) Classical Liberalism (Conservatism): Gov bad,

ppl should be free (personal-Locke + in business-Smith)

Adam Smith’s Wealth of Nations 1776“The man whose whole life is spent in performing a few simple operations, of which the effects are perhaps always the same, or very nearly the same, has no occasion to exert his understanding or to exercise his invention in finding out expedients for removing difficulties which never occur. He naturally loses, therefore, the habit of such exertion, and generally becomes as stupid and ignorant as it is possible to become for a human creature to become.”

2) Utilitarianism: Gov should do whatever maximizes the good for the most people.

3) Jeremy Bentham: Father of utilitarianism

Jeremy Bentham Facts 3 Read Enlightenment

Scholars5 Mastered the Violin6 Fluent Latin and

French12 Attended Oxford

Also a prominent supporter of women’s rights, gay rights, and anti-death penalty.

Enlightenment View of the Brain: Blank Slate (Nurture)

Reality: Both Nature (DNA/Instinct) + Nurture

4) Modern Liberalism (Liberal): Gov should promote education + welfare services to prepare ppl for their freedom

5) John Stuart Mills: Father of modern liberals

John Stuart Mills FactsAlso strongest advocate for women’s rights.

His wife was also Harriet Mill was also a gifted scholar.

6) Utopian Socialism: Ppl share control of resources to create an equitable society

Robert Owen’s New Harmony (1825)

7) Socialism: Gov take control of SOME resources from the upper class, to create an equitable society

8) Robert Owen: Father of utopianism and socialism

Robert Owen Facts9 Apprentice18 Worked in factory28 Owned factory54 Started a utopian

community: New Harmony, banned moneyppl work hard forsake of community

59 Bankrupt

9) Communism: Gov controlling all resources

10) Friedrich Engels+Karl Marx: Father of Marxism (history is class struggle) and communism (Communist Manifesto-1848, Das Kapital-1867)

Karl Marx and Frederick Engel’s Communist Manifesto, 1848 "The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles. Freeman and slave, patrician and plebeian, lord and serf, guild-master and journeyman, in a word, oppressor and oppressed…the modern bourgeois society that has sprouted from the ruins of feudal society, has not done away with class antagonisms. It has but established new classes, new conditions of oppression."

10) Friedrich Engels+Karl Marx: Father of Marxism (history is class struggle) and communism (Communist Manifesto-1848, Das Kapital-1867)

Karl Marx and Frederick Engel’s Das Kapital, 1867 "Capital is dead labor, which, vampire-like, lives only by sucking living labor, and lives the more, the more labor it sucks... Capitalist production, therefore, develops technology, and the combining together of various processes into a social whole, only by sapping the original sources of all wealth — the soil and the labourer... Battle of competition is fought by the cheapening of commodities.."

Karl MarxSocialist ideas hadbeen spreadingsince the industrialrevolution started.

His CommunistManifesto won’t reallyhave an effect untilafter his death in 1883.

Engels, co-writer wasa successful capitalist.Marxism: Viewing history+now as class struggleCommunism:Solution to class struggle (no prop)

Karl MarxSocialist ideas hadbeen spreadingsince the industrialrevolution started.

His CommunistManifesto won’t reallyhave an effect untilafter his death in 1883.

Engels, co-writer wasa successful capitalist.Marxism: Viewing history+now as class struggleCommunism:Solution to class struggle (no prop)

Revolution!

Karl Marx“From each according to his ability,to each according to his need”

Work #22b, “Class Conflict Debate”1) Read the 2 sides, choose 1 side, and write

which you choose and explain why.2) Then write down what your partner thinks

(include their name at the end).1 2 3 4 5

CON: Con Side – Rich gained unfairly1) Workers live in misery with low wages2) Poor work too long to have a chance to move up3) The gap between rich and poor explodes as factories are so profitable

PRO: Pro Side - Rich Earned Their Money1) Machines cost money2) Factories require complex knowledge, rich deserve their wealth3) Poor have themselves to blame for not working smarter in their lives

Work #22b, “Class Conflict Debate”1) Read the 2 sides, choose 1 side, and write

which you choose and explain why.2) Then write down what your partner thinks

(include their name at the end).1 2 3 4 5

CON: Con Side – Rich gained unfairly1) Workers live in misery with low wages2) Poor work too long to have a chance to move up3) The gap between rich and poor explodes as factories are so profitable

PRO: Pro Side - Rich Earned Their Money1) Machines cost money2) Factories require complex knowledge, rich deserve their wealth3) Poor have themselves to blame for not working smarter in their lives

Work #22c, “Debate: Classical Liberal vs Utilitarianism”

1) Read the 2 sides, choose 1 side, and write which you choose and explain why.

2) Then write down what your partner thinks (include their name at the end).

1 2 3 4 5CON: Favor Utilitarianism

1) Benefiting more people of course is more just than having a group suffer for just 1 to benefit2) Individuals are selfish3) Selfishness can weaken the community

PRO: Favor Classical Liberalism1) Individual freedom is the most important thing2) Individuals themselves know what’s best3) Those who fail have themselves to blame

Work #22d, “Debate: Classical Liberal vs Modern Liberal”

1) Read the 2 sides, choose 1 side, and write which you choose and explain why.

2) Then write down what your partner thinks (include their name at the end).

1 2 3 4 5CON: Favor Modern Liberalism1) Indiv. freedom is good but ppl need to be molded2) Gov should protect and teach children to be good citizens, regulate and tax3) Educated, we can trust individuals to be free

PRO: Favor Classical Liberalism1) Individual freedom is the most important thing2) Individuals themselves know what’s best3) Those who fail have themselves to blame

Work #22e, “Debate: Class Lib Econ vs Socialism”11) Read the 2 sides, choose 1 side, and write

which you choose and explain why.2) Then write down what your partner thinks

(include their name at the end).1 2 3 4 5

CON: Favor Socialism1) Too hard for poor to get ahead without help2) If gov provides all your survival needs, you can then focus on your work3) Private businesses can operate outside the zone of public services

PRO: Favor Classical Liberal Economics1) Ppl when trained work best with freedom and hardest with incentive to make money2) Gov only interferes w efficient “invisible hand”3) Gov will hurt private biz

Work #22f, “Debate: Communism vs Socialism”11) Read the 2 sides, choose 1 side, and write

which you choose and explain why.2) Then write down what your partner thinks

(include their name at the end).1 2 3 4 5

CON: Favor Socialism1) Too hard for poor to get ahead without help2) If gov provides all your survival needs, you can then focus on your work3) Private businesses can operate outside the zone of public services

PRO: Favor Communism1) Rich to take advantage of the poor if rich exist AT ALL, you can expect rich want to give up money!2) Everyone will be equal, no rich or poor3) No more war if no more resources to fight over

Notes #22a, Title: “Industrial Philosophy Notes” 1) Social Darwinism: The strong will rise to the

top, and humans are better off that way (justifying: rich ppl + rich countries like UK)

2) Horatio Alger: Media promoted cultural belief ifpoor work hard, they can be rich (rags 2 riches)

VS.

Work #23a, Title “Speech”1) Read/highlight both carefully and write a speech on which vision is correct.

FORMATi) Write: Quick strong openerii) Next, write the body: a) What are the two views (background) b) Which is best (recommendation) c) Why (keep to less than 3 main points)iii) Last write: Quick strong closing

Build in pauses, rises, falls, catch phrases, narrative (story telling) is often most memorable.Mr. Chiang will RANDOMLY read a few out loud.

Mr. Chiang’s 7 Speech Tips1) 3 Part: Opening>Argument>Closing2) Think of your audience and use local examples3) Stories are remembered4) Cite authoritative evidence5) Call audience to action6) Repetition, pauses, tone7) Speak slowly and make eye contact (or try looking over heads)

Last, the majority of speech is body language, not words.

Rubric:__/4 Factually Informative__/2 Communication Style (C’s 7 tips)

__/2 Active Audience Member __/2 Followed Directions

_____/10 Points

Homework: 1) Work of FR Project due Monday

10/05.