100 Years’ WarBy Emily Prey and Colleen Rooney

Basic Info

Lasted 1337-1453England vs. France4 phases

Cause Major cause: rivalry between King Philip VI of

France and King Edward III of England

Charles IV, king of France, died and left no heirs to his throne.

Edward believed that he should be king of France because he was the nephew of Charles IV.

Philip believed that he should be king because he was the cousin of Charles IV.

King Edward III

King Philip VI

Charles IV

Before the Hundred Years’ War Started

Phase 1 Battle of Sluys- England won major victory at

sea

Truce between two countries lasted two years

Battle of Crécy- English army defeated French army three times their size

Edward conquered Calais in 1346

Phase 1 (cont.) Both England and France unable to fight over the

next several years because of the Black Plague

In 1355, Edward led army across English Channel to France

Battle of Poitiers- King John II of France and his son were captured and taken to England

1360- Treaty of Bretigny- English in Aquitaine were increased and France recognized English control of Calais and Ponthieu. John II was returned

Phase 2 Began with the death of

John II, King of France.

He was succeeded by Charles V

Charles V throughout his reign defeated England and regained control of Aquitaine

England lost at Poitiers, Poitou, and La Rochelle.

French made raids on English coastal cities

Phase 2 (cont.)

Charles V, Edward III, and his son Edward Prince of Wales died

A peasant revolt in England ensued and King Richard II took back his promise to help them

In 1396 the Truce of Paris was arranged for the next thirty years between Richard II and Charles VI

Before the

Phase 3 England attacked Normandy in 1415

By 1419, England had captured Harfleur and Rouen

French government signed Treaty of Troyes Gave up control of northern France King Henry V (English King) became heir to the

French throne

King Henry VI King of England and France

Phase 3 (cont.) Charles VII recognized as king in southern

France

English win battles in Cravant, Verneuil, and St. James

Joan of Arc convinced the French army that they needed to defeat the English and get them off of French soil because it was God’s wish

Joan of Arc 1412-1431

Believed she heard the voice of God telling her to go and help king Charles VII of France claim his throne.

She is remembered as a national hero for leading the French military to several crucial victories

She was captured and found guilty of heresy by the English. She was burned at the stake in 1431 in Rouen. Charles VII did not come to her aid.

Phase 4 England lost control of Paris, Normandy, and

Guienne

England recovered Bordeaux in 1452, but then lost it a year later

The war ended with Bordeaux falling to the French in 1453

Results/Impact

England’s government bankrupt

Lancastrian Dynasty disgraced

For the French, the war united the country and began the decline of feudalism

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