100% Green Electrical Energy for the Faroes by 2030
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100% Green Electrical Energy for the Faroes by 2030 Lessons for Small Islands Terji Nielsen R&D Manager Dipl.Ing. E.E. (Hons) MBA Renewables ” A small country with big ideas” Monica Araya 2016
Transcript of 100% Green Electrical Energy for the Faroes by 2030
100% Green Electrical Energy for
the Faroes by 2030 Lessons for Small Islands
Terji Nielsen
R&D Manager
Dipl.Ing. E.E. (Hons)
MBA Renewables
” A small country with big ideas”
Monica Araya 2016
Faroe Islands
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Faroe Islands
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• General data:
– 18 islands (17 are populated)
– 50.000 inhabitants
– Area of 1.399 km2
– Main export: Fish and fish products
Electrical Company SEV
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• Company Structure:
– Non-profit, founded 1st October 1946
– 100 % owned by all Faroese municipalities
– Monopoly on grid operation (transmission & MV/LV distribution)
– “De facto” monopoly on production (98%)
– Joint and several price structure
– Vertically Integrated Company
– “Micro isolated system” in EU terms ( < 500 GWh )
• Directive 2009/72
– Derogation from relevant provisions in different chapters about unbundling, third
party access etc.
Energy Mix 1954 - 2015
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0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
275
300
325
GW
h
Thermal Hydro Wind Source: SEV
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0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1
169
337
505
673
841
100
9
117
7
134
5
151
3
168
1
184
9
201
7
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5
235
3
252
1
268
9
285
7
302
5
319
3
336
1
352
9
369
7
386
5
403
3
420
1
436
9
453
7
470
5
487
3
504
1
520
9
537
7
554
5
571
3
588
1
604
9
621
7
638
5
655
3
672
1
688
9
705
7
722
5
739
3
756
1
772
9
789
7
806
5
823
3
840
1
856
9
873
7
Hours with
renewables only:
1576 h
(66 days)
Hours with
renewables > 80%:
3288 h
(137 days)
Hours with
renewables > 60%:
5508 h
(230 days)
Hours with
renewables > 40%:
6810 h
(284 days)
Renewable energy duration curve 2015
hours
Main drivers for
renewable energy
in the Faroe
Islands
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Carbon free electricity by 2030
Assumptions:
- 2% increase in consumption annually
- Linear electrification of Heating 2016 – 2030
- Linear electrification of transport on land
Energy Mix 2015
Faroese Climate Policy
from 2009 - SEV’s “Green Vision”, October 2014
- Governmental target, Sept. 2015
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
2015 2020 2030
GW
h
Thermal Renewables Consumption
100%
75%
25%
60%
40%
Unpredictable oil expenses
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0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Olieforbrug [ton] Olieudgifter [kr]Consumption [kt] Oil expenses [mio. dkr]
4 million CAD
33.4 million CAD
Projected Energy Demand
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Projected Energy Demand 2015-2030
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600
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030
Ene
rgy
[GW
h]
Traditional Electricity Heating Electric Vehicles
Renewable resources
in the Faroe Islands
A systematic approach to identify local resources in order to set up a
technology roadmap
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Assessment of local renewable resources
Average wind speed: > 10m/s Precipitation: ~1284 mm/year
Peak tidal velocities: ~ 3.5 m/s Average sun hours: ~ 1100 hrs/year
(PEI: 890mm/y) soruce: www.gov.pe.ca
(PEI: 1841) soruce: www.currentresults.com
0
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-
20
40
60
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100
120
140
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200
jan feb mar apr may june july aug sept oct nov dec
m/s
[mm
] [
hrs
]
Average Sun hours [hrs] Average Precipitation [mm] Average Wind speed [m/s] Average Tidal stream velocity [m/s]
Correlation between the resources
Testbed for Smart Grid
Technologies
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Battery system in Húsahagi
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Schematic overview of battery system
Grid
Wind generation
Inverter output Composit
output
L-EMS Local Energy
Management System
Wind farm
Batteries Inverter
Battery System
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Battery system in operation
Wind power
Battery power
20 sec
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Schematic overview of PowerHub
A box at different Industries IT system Power Management
System
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Testbed for Smart Grid Technologies
~ 40 MW
~ 4000 MW
Faroe Islands Testbed
Denmark Small system test
Europa Large system test
Technologies supporting
the 100% RE Vision
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0
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550
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2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030
GW
h
Termisk orka Varandi orka
Supporting Technologies
Thermal Renewables Assumptions:
- 2% p.a. increase in traditional electricity consumption
- Electrification of the transport sector
- Electrification of the heating sector (houses and buildings)
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Nordic Council Nature and Environment Prize
Chair of Board Mr. Jákup Suni Lauritsen and CEO Mr. Hákun Djurhuus
Motivation:
“The prize goes to the Faroese electricity
company SEV for its ambitious targets
and innovation. SEV’s work is not only
important for the phasing in of renewable
energy in the Faroe Islands, but also for
the European grid as a whole.
Its ambitious targets and the creative
nature of its efforts to reduce dependency
on fossil fuels make SEV a worthy
recipient of the Nordic Council Nature and
Environment Prize 2015.”
Thank you!
Terji Nielsen Dipl.Ing. E.E. (hons)
MBA Renewables
” We simply must balance our
demand for energy with our rapidly
shrinking resources.
By acting now we can control our
future instead of letting the future
control us” Jimmy Carter 1977
Wind energy
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The Neshagi Wind farm
Project specification:
• 3 pcs ENERCON E44/900kW (2,7MW)
• Capacity factor: 45%
• Annual production: 10,6 GWh
• Building phase: 2011-2012
Economical figures:
• Total cost: 5.2 million CAD
• Oil savings: 2.300 ton/year
• more than 1.2 million CAD/year
• Generating cost: 0,081 CAD/kWh
Carbon footprint:
• Annual CO2 reduction: 7.000 ton/year
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The Húsahagi Wind farm
Project specification:
• 13 pcs ENERCON E44/900kW (11.7MW)
• Capacity factor: 42%
• Annual production: 41 GWh
• Building phase: 2013-2014
Economical figures:
• Total cost: 20.3 million CAD
• Oil savings: 8.000 ton/year
• approximately 4,6 million CAD/year
• Generating cost: 0,063 CAD/kWh
Carbon footprint:
• Annual CO2 reduction: 28.000 ton/year
Other renewable resources
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Hydropower
6 Hydropower plants
Total installed capacity: 37MW
Annual energy production: 115 GWh
First installation in 1921
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Tidal energy
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
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3.0
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4.0
m/s
year
Tidal stream velocity in Vestmannasund Max speed: 3,5 m/s
Average: 1,42 m/s
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Cle
arn
ess
Ind
ex
Dai
ly R
adia
tio
n [
kWh
/m2/d
ay]
Solar resource from NASA
Daily Radiation Clearness Index
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700
jan feb mar apr may jun jul aug sep oct nov dec
kWh
/kW
p
Solar energy (Torshavn)
2008
2009
NASA
PVGIS
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115
160
133
107 98
86
58
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Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Nov Des
Sun
ho
urs
Average sun hours 2007 – 2015 (DMI)
2008 – 2009 figures from local PV installation
Photovoltaic
Instantaneous wind penetration
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From SEVs SCADA system (BECOS32)
70% Instantaneous wind penetration
80% Instantaneous wind penetration
Challenging weather conditions
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Customers HiddenFjord -
Fútaklettur
Salmon Farm delivering superior quality salmon.
Power Hub controls the heat pump that keep the newly born
salmons at the right temperature before they are send out
(35 kW heat pump)
Bergfrost Bergfrost is a cold storage where all kind of frozen marine
products is kept. The cold storage is build in a mountain cave.
Care for the environment was the primary reason for blasting
tunnels from the mountain for the cold store. It was felt that the
blot on the landscape would be too visible if the quarry in
Fuglafjørður was extended northwards. Far-sighted council
members came up with the idea of going further into the mountain
for stones.
(150 kW cooling compressor)
Kollafjord Pelagic Receives freshly caught fish and freeze it. The facility in Kollafjørð
is one of the world’s largest and most advanced processing
facilities for human-consumption pelagic fish.
(4.200 kW cooling compressors)
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Disconnecting flexible loads
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Po
we
r [M
W]
Time [sec]
Sudden stop of a production unit
FFDR: Fast Frequency Demand Response
Traditional generation
Disconnected consumption [FFDR]
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PowerHub FFDR test
-1.6
-1.4
-1.2
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
-1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5R
ela
tiv
e F
req
uen
cy [
dH
z]
Time after Trip [s]
Frequency drop after production trip (12 % of total system load)
No FFDR
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PowerHub FFDR test
-1.6
-1.4
-1.2
-1
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-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
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-1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5R
ela
tiv
e F
req
uen
cy [
dH
z]
Time after Trip [s]
Frequency drop after production trip (12 % of total system load)
0.62 MW FFDR
No FFDR
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PowerHub FFDR test
-1.6
-1.4
-1.2
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
-1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5R
ela
tiv
e F
req
uen
cy [
dH
z]
Time after Trip [s]
Frequency drop after production trip (12 % of total system load)
2.15 MW FFDR
0.62 MW FFDR
No FFDR
