110 - examples

10 - examples -

density growth

2example - adaptation in bone

different load cases

Carter & Beaupré [2001]

[1]

[2]

[3]

midstance phase of gait

extreme range of abduction

extreme range of adduction

2317 N

1158 N

1548 N

24˚

-15˚

56˚

703 N

351 N

468 N

28˚

-8 ˚

35˚

3example - adaptation in bone

different load cases

Carter & Beaupré [2001]

combination of all load cases necessary

4example - adaptation in bone

experiment vs simulation

• dense system of compressive trabaculae carrying stress into calcar region

• secondary arcuate system, medial joint surface to lateral metaphyseal region

• ward‘s triangle, low density region contrasting dense cortical shaft

Carter & Beaupré [2001]

5example - adaptation in bone

node point based - h-refinement

6example - adaptation in bone

node point based - p-refinement

7example - adaptation in bone

integration point based - p-refinement

8example - adaptation in bone

parameter sensitivity - instabilities

certain parameters induce checkerboard modesHarrigon & Hamilton [1992],[1994]

9example - adaptation in bone

comparison with x-rays

excellent agreement of simulation and x-ray pattern

Pauwels [1973]

coxa norma coxa valgacoxa vara

10example - hip replacement

total hip replacement vs hip resurfacing

• about 120,000 artificial hip replacements in us per year

• aseptic loosening caused by adaptive bone remodeling

• goal prediction of dredisctribution of bone density

11example - hip replacement

convential total hip replacement

ward‘s triangle • trabeculae • dense cortical shaft

12example - hip replacement

convential total hip replacement

stress shielding • bone resorption • implang loosening

13example - hip replacement

new birmingham hip resurfacing

ward‘s triangle • trabeculae • dense cortical shaft

14example - hip replacement

new birmingham hip resurfacing

improved ingrowth • anatomic situation • less resorption

15example - hip replacement

computer tomography of human femur

patient specific medical treatment

16example - wound healing

wound healing

• epidermal migration / spreading of existing cells

• increase of mitotic activity of about15 times in 1mmwide zone @wound edge

Murray [2003]

17example - wound healing

wound healing

„…thou shouldst bind it with fresh meet the first day,

and thou shouldst treat afterword with grease and

honey every day until he recovers…“ Breadsted [1930]

Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus [13th Dynasty]

18example - wound healing

tension - single edge notched specimen

19example - wound healing

tension - single edge notched specimen

increased cell activity @wound edge

20example - wound healing

tension - surface cut specimen

increased cell activity @wound edge

21example - wound healing

tension - crack mouth opening displacement

increased cell activity - wound healing & closure

22example - wound healing

bending - single edge notched specimen

increased cell activity @wound edge

23example - wound healing

bending - surface cut specimen

increased cell activity @wound edge

24example - wound healing

bending - crack mouth opening displacement

increased cell activity - wound healing & closure

25example - topology optimization

form follows function

structural design

load case I load case IIoptimal

material distribution I

26example - topology optimization

form follows function

bicycle frames 1817-2005

27example - topology optimization

form follows function

design of bicycle frame

Armstrong [2005] Kuhl [2005]