1. 区分：

turn up 开大；出现

turn down 关小；拒绝

turn on 打开

turn off 关上

He promised to come, but he hasn’t ____yet.

Please ____ the TV, it’s too noisy.

As soon as he got home, he ______ the TV.

Please _____ the radio, I can’t hear it clearly.

2. a waste of time/money

It’s a waste of time to watch TV, I think.

waste time/money on sth.

(in) doing sth.

Don’t waste time on TV

(in) watching TV

3. force sb. to do sth.

into doing sth. 强迫某人做某事

The war forced us to leave our home.

into leaving our home.

4. spend time/money on sth.

in doing sth.

5. 区分： pleasant

pleased

I am __________ to meet you.

I will never forget the ___________ trip.

pleased

pleasant

1. be angry with sb. 生某人的气

2. happen to sb. 某人发生什么事情

happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事

3. 区分： alone 与 lonely

He lives alone on a lonely island.

He is alone, but he doesn’t feel lonely.

4. than expected 比预料的

as expected 如预料的

There are more people present than expected.

The film was not interesting as expected.

5. can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事

He couldn’t wait to open the present.

6. Eric runs in after it, followed by a big dog, walking very slowly.

followed by a big dog 是过去分词短语，在句中作状语，表示伴随。 walking very slowly 是现在分词短语，在句中作定语，修饰名词 a big dog.

The professor came in , __________(follow) by a group of young people.

Did you see the girl _________(dance) with your brother.

followed

dancing

7. With which you were to buy dog food is …

be to do sth. 表示计划、安排、指示、命令或要求等，也可以表示可能性或注定要发生的事情。

Their daughter is to be married soon.

No one is to leave the building.

You are to be back by 10 o’clock.

In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they ______.

A. have survived B. are to survive

C. would survive D. will survive

B

8. The room is a mess, with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink.

这是个 with 的复合结构：

doing

done

with + 名词 / 代词 + to do

adj.

adv.

介词短语

I had to stay at home with so much homework_________ (do)to do

She felt frightened with a dog _______ (run) after her.

He had to stay outside waiting for his wife with the door _______(lock).

The classroom is lively with so many children _________(sing) and___________ (laugh).

He likes to sleep with the windows _____(open).

He was wandering in the street with his head ________(down).

Bill went to the playground , with a ball under his arms.

running

locked

singing

open

down

laughing

10. We thought you were an adult.

我们原以为你是个成年人。

11. Eric sits on his bed looking at Daniel, who has his arms crossed and looks angry.

have + 宾语 + 宾补：

☆have + 宾语 + done :( 主语 ) 请别人做某事；遭受某种不幸或损失。

We had pictures taken on the Great Wall.

The old man had his wallet stolen.

☆have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事

Mother has me cook sth. to eat by myself.

☆have sb. doing sth. 让某人持续做某事The boss has his workers working all day.☆have sth. to do . 有……事情要做Do you have sth. to say?12. deserve to do sth. 理应……He has worked very hard and deserves to pass the exams. 13. That’s why… 结果 That’s because… 原因He didn’t study hard. That’s _______he didn’t pass the exam.He didn’t pass the exam. That’s __________he didn’t study hard.

why

because

14. 比较 shout to sb. / shout at sb. P23

15. feel like doing sth. P23

I don’t feel like __________ (eat) anything.

16. We feel that you shouldn’t have done that. P24

should have done 本应该做而实际上没有做

shouldn’t have done 本不应该做而实际上做了

The flowers are dead. I _________________________(water) it.

You _______________________(leave) without saying goodbye last night.

eating

should have watered

shouldn’t have left

17. How can you advise them to solve their problems.

advise doing sth.

sb. to do sth.

The teacher advised us to read the novel.

I advise his starting at once.

18. refuse to do sth. p38

The peasants refused _________(pay) their taxes.

to pay