1 ™ To Arrive, Survive & Thrive! Our Mission: To design, fund, build and operate the first...

1

™

To Arrive, Survive & Thrive!

Our Mission: To design, fund, build and operate the first permanent settlement on Mars, opening the new frontier!

A Project of the non-profit Mars FoundationTM

The Mars Homestead Project

Partial list of design team:April Andreas – Mars CookbookJames Burk – WebmasterFrank Crossman – Polymers & GlassRobert Dyck – Refining, Space SuitsDamon Ellender – Metals, Gas PlantGary Fisher – Waste TreatmentInka Hublitz – AgricultureWilliam Johns, MD – PsychologyMark Homnick - MgrK. Manjunatha – IT / IC / CommJoe Palaia – Electrical, NuclearGeorgi Petrov - ArchitectureRichard Sylvan, MD. - Medical

Presented by:

Bruce [email protected](781)944-7027

2

Outline

Pat Rawlings, Inevitable Descent

• We need your help!• Task Forces• Prototype Projects• R&D & Outreach Center

• Future Directions• Conclusion

• Initial Destination Mars• How do we get from vision to reality?• A vision for Martian settlement• Comparing this world and the next• Resources to build a new home

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Asteroids can support Trillions of people… … someday

But, Start with Mars, reasons:1. Water for Food2. Carbon for Food3. N2, nutrients for Food 4.a. Carbon – for Polymers4.b. Water for industrial processing4.c. Atmosphere, replenish air leaks, cooling4.d. Dirt, raw materials, Si, Fe, Al, SiO, O2, 4.c. 24.6 hour day4.d. ….

Learn: Interplanetary travel,Life support, Bootstrap Manufacturing, Manage biospheres (save Earth)

Mars settlement will open up the solar system to humanity and life

4

How do we get from Vision to Reality?

• Feasibility study• Prototype Projects• Research & Outreach

Center• Change Mindset• Mars Mission• Permanent Mars

Settlement• Settle Luna, Asteroids

5

Graphic by Georgi Petrov. Copyright ©

Vision - The Hillside Base

• Built largely from local materials• ~90% self-sufficiency by mass• Industrial capabilities enable settlement of the frontier

6

Comparing this World, and the Next…

Mars Earth

Dist. to Sun 225 million km 150 million kmDiameter 6,786 km 12,756 kmTilt of Axis 25 degrees 23.5 degreesLength of Year 687 Earth Days 365.25 DaysLength of Day 24 hours 37 minutes 24 hoursGravity 3/8 G 1 GTemperature Range -127 C to 17 C -88 C to 58 CAtmospheric Pressure 7 mb (ave) 1013 mb (ave)Atmosphere Gases 95% CO2 78% N2, 21% O2Number of Moons 2 (Phobos & Deimos) 1 (Luna)Polar Ice Caps Water Ice & Dry Ice (CO2) Water Ice

Largest CanyonValles Marineris -

width of continental USThe Grand Canyon

Highest PointOlympus Mons - tallest known

volcano. 27km above Mars average.Mount Everest. 8.848 km

above sea level.

Lowest Point Hellas Basin, 4km below Mars average.Mariana Trench 11.022 km deep.

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Selected Location: Candor Chasma Valles Marineris69.95W x 6.36S x -4.4km

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Possible locations for landing zones that don’t overfly the settlement

Settlement Location

9

Settlement Construction Staging PlanPhase1• Completely Robotic. No humans on site.• Timeframe : First 2 years.• Objectives : Deploy first nuke, well drilling equipment, gas plant. Establish water well and initial gas reserve.

Phase 2• 4 People on Site• Timeframe : Second 2 years.• Objectives : Deploy and setup mining / refining / manufacturing equipment.• MRM production runs. Produce material needed for settlement construction.

Phase 3• 8 People on Site• Timeframe : Third 2 years.• Objectives : Continued MRM as needed. Settlement shell construction. No settlement electrical loads yet. Construct shell around agriculture, manufacturing & nuke BOPs.

Phase 4• 12 People on Site• Timeframe : Fourth 2 years.• Objectives : Finalized settlement construction. Commissioning. All settlement loads coming online.

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Temporary Habitats


13

Standardized Modules


14

Lower Level


15

• B-B Cross Section Thru Greenhouse and Kitchen

Regolith Overburden holds internal air pressure

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Lower Level


18

Upper Level


19

100m

First Permanent Settlement for 12 People

Build Phase 1


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100m

Settlement Expansion to 36 People

Build Phase 2

Build Phase 3


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• What do we have to work with?• What you bring from Earth• Local Resources (Atmosphere, Water & Soil)• Humans & robots working synergistically

Resources to build a new home

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Resources we bring from Earth

• Robots, automation systems • People

– Temp. living quarters– Life Support & dry food

• Power System– Nuclear Reactors, backup solar– Electrical distribution components

• Construction Equipment• Mining, Excavation, Hauling Equipment• Refining Equipment• Manufacturing Equipment

– Gases, chemicals, metals, plastics, ceramics, masonry, glass• Other high-tech / low mass / or items to manufacture items• Equipment & material scavenged from Descent Craft

– Control systems, wiring, actuators, sensors, metal, parachutes, etc.

250 metric tons of Cargo / Habitat / People

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Technologies / Building Materials

25

Martian Atmosphere

26

Use of Atmospheric Gases

95.3% carbon dioxide (CO2) 2.7% nitrogen (N2) 1.6% argon (Ar) 0.15% oxygen (O2) 0.03% water vapor (H2O)

Atmospheric Composition

• Oxygen• Habitat buffer gases (N2/Ar mix)• Methane (CH4) & H2 Fuel• Longer Chain Hydrocarbons• Plastics (including epoxy)

Output Products of Gas Plant

Pressure: 5-7mbar

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Gas Liquefaction and Storage

Process Flow Diagram-Mars Air Separation and CompressionWednesday, January 19, 2005

Primary Compression

20 Bar

CO2 Storage

Ar Storage

Scrub

LIN Storage

Air

CO2(l or s) CO2

Storage

Atmosphere Air CoolingSecondary

Compression50 Bar

N2/Ar21st Stage Cooling

N2/Ar22nd Stage Cooling

(Optional0N2

Ar2(l)

N2(l) N2

Scrub

Ar

Sabatier Processes

N2

Ar

N2 Usage

Ar2 Usage

CO2(ll)CO2(l )

CO2(lr)

1 2 3 4 5

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Martian Water

By R.S. Murray

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Greenhouse Water Use

Graphics by Georgi Petrov. Copyright © 2005

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Fig 2 - EPU Flow Diagram

WRS PotableWater Tanks

3 @10,000 L

WRSOutflow Storage

Tank10,000 L

Nutrient Tank8,000 L

IrrigationWaterTank

8,000 L

AquacultureTanks 4 @2,000 L

Tank #5Algal turf scrubber

250 L

Tank #3Trickling

Filter

Tank #2Trickling Filter

Reservoir3,000 L

Tank #4Turf Scrubber

Reservoir1,500 L

Tank #7Aerobic3,000 L

Tank #9Ozone/UV

Column200 L

Tank #6Aerobic3,000 L

Tank #1WRS Inflow

GrayWater Tank10,000 L

Tank #8Clarifier3,000 L

5 micronfilter

Potable Water Uses:LaundryCleaning

Food PreparationDrinkingShower,

Etc.

Ozone GeneratorInjector

GREENHOUSE

Condenser/RO + Makeup WaterTo Condenser/RO

Sludge to CS

Spent Sand to CS

P1

P2P3

P8

P4

P5P6

P7

COMPOST SYS

FilterThru

Compost

WRS - Waste Recycling System, (portion of system)

32by Robert-Murray

Martian Soil

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Glass Process

• Floated on Tin, Pilkington Process, 2mx4m float tray, made from local brick, covered to protect from dust

• Cooled using CO2 in Lehr, 2mx2m, made from local brick. Rollers imported.

• Cut into 1m x 1mx5mm glass panels for transport and further cutting.• Located Outdoors

Cooling Lehr 2mx2mx1m (built from local Bricks,

Refractory) 200K

200kg/day

Glass Supply(Molten)1200-1400C200kg/day

Float Bath (Pilkington Process)Required a 20mm layer of

Sn(.16m3(1166kg))2mx4mx1m (built from local Bricks,

Refractory)1200-1400C200kg/day

Diamond Glass Cutter

1m2 (200kg)

18 cuts/day

Coo

ling

CO

22.

5 kW

Transport and Storage

Stacked on Trailer and

Moved by Rover18 1mx1mx5mm panes per day

1kW

Pow

er R

equi

rem

ent

Hea

ting

Met

hane

/O2

?? k

W

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Drawing the Glass Fiber

Next steps:

• Pulling fibers from the melt

• drawing them down from 1 mm to 10.0E-6 m, a reduction ratio of 100

• Organosilane coatings are applied to protect the filament surfaces and also to promote better wetting and bonding between the glass filaments and the thermosetting resin during the filament winding process.

• taking them up as a single strand on the forming winder or to fiber chopper

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Filament winding the pressure vessel modules

A Filament Winder is like a lathe with a long “cutting arm” that adds material (fiber and resin) instead of removing material

The composites filament winding area may have to be ~30 m high to accommodate vertical winding of Homestead modules

A large crane is required to support the mass and to maneuver it from vertical to horizontal

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Aliphatic Organic Synthesis Sequence*

CH2=CH2

2.CO2 + CO

H2

1.methanol

To cumene 6.

CH3OH

ethene

To ethylbenzene 4.

HOCH2CH=CH2propene

MTO

CH3CH2CH=CH2

+CH3CH=CHCH3

1 and 2-butenes

H2 CH3CH2CH2CH3

butane

H2O, H2SO4

CH3CH2CHOHCH3

2-butanol

maleic anhydride

CH3CH2COCH3

Cu

2-butanone, MEK

HOOCOOCOOH CH3 CH2CH3

CH3CH2 CH3

MEKPO dimer

H2S2O8

Cl2 CH2ClCH=CH2

3-chloropropene

Cl2, H2O CH2-CHCH2Cl Oepichlorohydrin

To polyethylene 1.

Ag

3a.

CH2-CH2

Ooxirane

H2O HOCH2CH2OH ethylene glycol3b.

5a. 5b.

7a.

8a. 8b. 8c.

HOCH2CHOHCH2OH

glycerol

H2O2 ClCH2CHOHCH2Cl

glycerol dichlorohydrin4a. 4b. CaO

CO CH3COOH

Acetic acid 9.

CaO

CH3CH=CH2 2-propenol

HCl

HOAc4c.

6.

As solvent for polyethylene 1.As co-reactant for LDPE

CO, O2 CH3OCOOCH3

Dimethyl CarbonateCuCl, 130oC, 2000kPa

7/2O2, 400 - 480oC0.3 - 0.4 Mpa

CH=CH

O=C C=O

O

* Patent Pending

Chemical Synthesis (example)

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Polyethylene Part Manufacture

Extrusion product lines are compact

• Polyethylene can be synthesized in three steps: (1) methane to (2) ethylene to (3) polyethylene pellets or flake.

• As a thermoplastic it can be remelted and re-extruded as sheet, piping, bottles. Extrusion machines and dies are complex and will need to be imported from Earth initially.

• PE is limited to use at low temperatures due to creep/viscoelastic deformation.

• It is chemically resistant to the point of being difficult to bond to other parts except by welding or by mechanical joining.

Chemical Synthesis (example)

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O2 42.5%Si 20%Fe 15%Mg 5%Al 5%Ca 4%Na 3%S 2%P 1%

Cl 0.8%K 0.6%Ti 0.6%

Mn 0.3%Cr 0.2%

Crusher(6-30mm

size)

HydraulicMass

Classification

NaOH &KOH

Prod/Stor(~75kg)

Raw Ore(4000kg dry per batch each hour)

FrontEndLoader

Fines <6mmSeparation

Tank

To Gravel Storageand Land Fill

Cl2

H2HCl*Prod/Stor(~33kg)

Makeup~0 gallons of Water

ORE BENEFICIATION

Iron (~300kg Fe)

+ misc

To Iron & Steel Refining

To AlRefining

To LimeRefining

(Part recoveryof Na & K,~2% of ore)

PressureLock

46degCDryer

(60min batch time)

HWH270KWth

CondenserWater130KWth

Si (~400kg) & misc+ CaXX

Notes:1. Assume 5% of raw ore mass moisture.2. Excavation area ~7500m2.*24 sand/ore batches/day @4000kg each required through Classification for Cl for HCl.

Water

Elect(200KWheach batch,140KWelfor 16hr ops)

AutoStrainer

Backwash

MagneticSeparation

To AlRefining

Class/Dryer8m3.

Crusher3m2 footprintand 2m high.

Sand for Mortar2000kg per

batch*

SandSand washingprocess sharestime with orewashing.

2000kgSand forMortarMixing

Fines

PneumaticSeparation

2000kgFines

(~10uM)

To Brick & Ceramic Refining

2000kg ore

NaCl fromAl & LimeRecycle

Graphic by Mark Homnick. Copyright ©

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Requirements

• Steel Processing 400kg/day 1500K

• Aluminum Processing 25kg/day 1000K

• Glass Processing 200kg/day 1200K-1400K

• Manufactured Products as needed for construction(i.e. Structural, wire,…)

• Dual use or Flexible equipment used where possible

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Tubing Mill-Formers

• Rolls strips into a tube and welds.

• Tubing out can be rolled or cut in lengths.

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Overview of Nuclear Reactor Design

Fuel PinsControl Drums

• Concept developed by MIT Nuclear Engineering Dept. (Presented at Mars Society Convention 2004) • 400kWe, 2MWth• 25 year EFPL (Effective Full Power Lifetime)• CO2 coolant, insensitive to leaks or ingress• Shielded by Martian soil, rocks and water• Hexagonal block type core (slow thermal transients, large thermal inertia)• Epithermal spectrum• Dimensions L=160cm, D=40cm• Mass 3800 kg• Fuel 20% enriched UO2 dispersed in BeO• 20% efficient Brayton cycle energy conversion, both open and closed cycles possible.

43

LoadHandled by Division

(ie Owner)Space Category (Where Load Is)

Space Description (Where Load Is)

Max Power Con-

sumption [kW]

Cyclic?

Utili-zation Facto

r

Equi-valent

Continous Load Value [kW]

Dryer/Pump Mining / Refining TF Refining Ore Beneficiation 1.00 No 1.00 1.0Crusher Mining / Refining TF Refining Ore Beneficiation 5.00 Yes 0.33 1.7

Front End Loader Mining / Refining TF Refining Ore Beneficiation 0.00 Yes 0.00 0.0NAOH/HCL Mining / Refining TF Refining Ore Beneficiation 140.00 Yes 0.67 93.8

Dryer / Pump Units Mining / Refining TF Refining Lime Refining 1.00 Yes 0.33 0.3Grinder Mining / Refining TF Refining Lime Refining 2.00 Yes 0.33 0.7

Kiln Mining / Refining TF Refining Lime Refining 0.00 Yes 0.00 0.0All Elements - Steel Mining / Refining TF Refining Steel Refining 0.00 Yes 0.00 0.0

Dryer / Pump Mining / Refining TF Refining Glass / Brick / Ceramic 1.00 Yes 0.33 0.3Brickmaking Mining / Refining TF Refining Glass / Brick / Ceramic 2.00 Yes 0.33 0.7

Brick / Ceramic Furnace Mining / Refining TF Refining Glass / Brick / Ceramic 0.00 Yes 0.00 0.0Glass Furnace Mining / Refining TF Refining Glass / Brick / Ceramic 0.00 Yes 0.00 0.0Dryers / Pumps Mining / Refining TF Refining Aluminum Refining 2.00 Yes 0.33 0.7

Grinding Mining / Refining TF Refining Aluminum Refining 2.00 Yes 0.33 0.7Remaining Processes Mining / Refining TF Refining Aluminum Refining 160.00 Yes 0.33 52.8

All Elements Mining / Refining TF RefiningAlternate Water

Evaporator1.00 No 1.00 1.0

All Elements (SWAG) Mining / Refining TF Refining Plastics / Polymers Refining

171.30 Yes 0.33 56.5

All Elements (SWAG) Mining / Refining TF Refining Fiberglass (Resin) 171.30 Yes 0.33 56.5

All Elements (SWAG) Manufacturing TF ManufacturingBamboo Manufacturing

Equip10.00 Yes 0.33 3.3

All Elements (SWAG) Manufacturing TF ManufacturingMetals Manufacturing

Equipment20.00 Yes 0.33 6.6

All Elements (SWAG) Manufacturing TF ManufacturingPlastics Manufacturing

Equipment20.00 Yes 0.33 6.6

MRM Electrical Energy Demand

E q u iv a le n t C o n tin o u s P o w e r L o a d : 2 8 3 .1

44

MRM Thermal Energy Demand

kWth High Q Heat

2,351Daytime Load (for 8 hours):

6Manufacturing - Materials 1ManufacturingFiberglass Resin Production

20Manufacturing - Materials 1ManufacturingPlastics Refining

280Aluminum Refining AreaExterior AreasRemaining Processes - Alum

220Aluminum Refining AreaExterior AreasDryer / Pumps - Alum

400Glass, Brick, Ceramic AreaExterior AreasBrick / Ceramic Furnace

270Glass, Brick, Ceramic AreaExterior AreasDryer / Pump - Brick

200Steel Refining AreaExterior AreasAll Elements - Steel

250Lime Refining AreaExterior AreasKiln - Lime

220Lime Refining AreaExterior AreasDryer / Pump Units - Lime

485Ore Beneficiation AreaExterior AreasDryer / Pump - Ore Ben

Max Power [kWth]

Space DescriptionSpace CategoryLoad

Loads are during operation (ie 8 hours during the day, each day).

Primary Coolant Loads (IE High Quality Heat 1100 deg C)

kWth High Q Heat

2,351Daytime Load (for 8 hours):

6Manufacturing - Materials 1ManufacturingFiberglass Resin Production

20Manufacturing - Materials 1ManufacturingPlastics Refining

280Aluminum Refining AreaExterior AreasRemaining Processes - Alum

220Aluminum Refining AreaExterior AreasDryer / Pumps - Alum

400Glass, Brick, Ceramic AreaExterior AreasBrick / Ceramic Furnace

270Glass, Brick, Ceramic AreaExterior AreasDryer / Pump - Brick

200Steel Refining AreaExterior AreasAll Elements - Steel

250Lime Refining AreaExterior AreasKiln - Lime

220Lime Refining AreaExterior AreasDryer / Pump Units - Lime

485Ore Beneficiation AreaExterior AreasDryer / Pump - Ore Ben

Max Power [kWth]

Space DescriptionSpace CategoryLoad

Loads are during operation (ie 8 hours during the day, each day).

Primary Coolant Loads (IE High Quality Heat 1100 deg C)

45

Energy Distribution Grid

46

Typical Round Trip Mission Plan (NASA Design Reference Mission (DRM)

Hab & Crew Ascent+Fuel+Power Earth Return

3 Crews of 6 = 18 people,

1.5 years on surface,

3 + 3 + 3 + 1 spare = 10 craft,

+ 10 fuel = 20 heavy launches

47

Mars Homestead Plan

Hab & Crew Ascent+Fuel+Power Earth Return

Result: for the same 250 T of payload, we get a Permanent Base for 12 ( … 24, 36, 48 …) Same launch cost as 3 Round Trips for 3 x 6 = 18 people

Do Not sent (most) return craft / Do send refining & manufacturing

Extra Manuf. Equip.

48

•Portable power supplies• Mars Cookbook \ \ \ AAA / / / < Explosives > / / / VVV\ \ \ \

• Furniture Manufacture• Kitchen equipment• Inflatable structures• Masonry structure (foam?)• Table top process demos• Miniature plastics moulding• Miniature machine shop • equipment• Recycle spacecraft hardware

Small projects suitable for local groups, students, university classes. Design or select equipment for:

Outfit a Single ModuleGreenhouse Experiments

Prototype Projects

• Clothing from parachutes• Felt & paper manufacture• Metal Refining• Surface Vehicles• Robotic assistants• Flexible chemical equipment• Gas separation equipment• Fiberglass winding• Brick laying robots

Small Robot Projects

49


Conclusion ofHillside Basedescription

Presented by:


50

[email protected]

™

Bruce MackenzieApril Andreas – Mars CookbookJames Burk – WebmasterFrank Crossman – Polymers & GlassRobert Dyck – Refining, Space SuitsDamon Ellender – Metals, Gas PlantGary Fisher – Waste TreatmentMark Homnick - MgrInka Hublitz – AgricultureWilliam Johns, MD - PsychologyK. Manjunatha – IT / IC / CommJoe Palaia – Electrical, NuclearGeorgi Petrov - ArchitectureRichard Sylvan, MD. - Medical

™

A Project of the non-profit Mars FoundationTM

The Mars Homestead Project

Graphic by Georgi Petrov. Copyright © 2005 Mars Foundation.

You could live here!

Help us make it happen!

51


Mars HomesteadFuture Directions

And Frank CrossmanDamon EllenderGary FisherGeorgi Petrov

Presented by:


52

Mars Homestead project:• Mars Settlement Reference Plan • Refine Design / Hillside / Any Site

As Available: •Safe Haven / Passive Thermal Control •Novel Technologies•Contests•Prototype Projects, ie, Brick / Agriculture / fiberglass•Economize Staging Sequence•Design Mockup “Mars Homestead”

Next Steps for Mars Foundation

•TBD – Major Project•Triple Launch•Demo Site for Contests/Technologies•Economic models, finance Settlement•Fun Designs:•Children, Hands-On / Museum•Outlying “Mars Homesteads”•Truck Stop / Pony Express•City design

•Internship, admin help, editor, webmaster, graphic artist

53

Mars Settlement Reference Plan

•Chapter format on web, and •Optional book format•Document current work (Hillside Base 1) •Continue to later work

™

54

Future Directions

Refine / Economize Deployment:

• Not Site Specific, no hillside required

•Start with fewer construction materials to delay transportation costs:perhaps fiberglass, ceramics, sintered regolith (brick)

• Add additional construction materials as base develops:Plastics, steel aluminum, pressboard, paper

•Use for non-life critical construction, only, at first Greenhouse tanks, trays,Interior partitions, furnishingsTrailers,

•Construct Habitat pressure shells, later

55

Future Directions

-Greenhouse Outside Modules

-Kitchen & Workshops Inner Modules

-Emergency Living Quarters

-Low Power in Emergency

-Radiation Shielding

-Side Lit with Mirrors

-Convective Cooled

-Curtains to Retain Heat

Safe Haven / Passive Thermal Control

56

Safe Haven / Passive Thermal Control

57

Private Suites

More detailed design of the private suites.• Currently the plans and 3D don't quite match

up. They need to be• studied in more detailed to make sure that we

have a viable design.• I'm attaching a couple of images that you can

use for your slides.• Cheers• Georgi

58

Future Directions

Novel TechnologiesInvestigate new technologies, or ones not cost effective on Earth

Example:Iron Carbonyl Process:- Use CO to extract Iron, high pressure liquid, ~ 200 ° C-Deposit directly into a mold to leave solid Iron

(James B.)

59

Future Directions

Contests - Proposal to refine specific materials with COTS equipment

Brick, Fiberglass , Polyethylene, Al, - Breadboard to make specific materials - Demo minimal mass of equipment needed - Demo increasing strength of finished material - Construct a finished object

given X kg of equipment, make a pressurized pipe

NASA Centenial Challenge, administer

(Gary F.)

60

•Portable power supplies• Mars Cookbook \ \ \ AAA / / / < Explosives > / / / VVV\ \ \ \

• Furniture Manufacture• Kitchen equipment• Inflatable structures• Masonry structure (foam?)• Table top process demos• Miniature plastics moulding• Miniature machine shop • equipment• Recycle spacecraft hardware

Small projects suitable for local groups, students, university classes. Design or select equipment for:

Outfit a Single ModuleGreenhouse Experiments

Prototype Projects

• Clothing from parachutes• Felt & paper manufacture• Metal Refining• Surface Vehicles• Robotic assistants• Flexible chemical equipment• Gas separation equipment• Fiberglass winding• Brick laying robots

Small Robot Projects

61

Manufacture of Brick Barrel Vaults•-Use of Robotics to manufacture brick barrel vaults•Assumptions•Possible Methods•Basic Design•Kinematic Design•Work Flow Analysis•Recommendation

Agricultural Concepts•research for construction methods, •crop selection, crop efficiencies, •facility management systems.•Insulated and Temp Controlled•Solar and Opaque Greenhouses•Complete Mass balance and Energy Balance Calcs•Crop Efficiency versus Ph 1 programming estimates•Modular to allow for concurrent experimentation

Dar al Islam school, Abiquiú, New Mexico

62

Funding / In Kind Support

Large and small

Contact us to help

63Case for Mars 2, conference workshop, Drawn by Carter Emmart

Triple Launch•Send 3 Crews,•To improve chance of success,•Lessen chance of program abandoment

(Gary)

64

Outlying Mars Homesteads

First Settlement grows to be “Manufacturing Center”New Arrivals land at spaceport (St. Louis)Outfit yourself with Supplies &Rover (Conestoga Wagon)Travel to site of your new home/farm/mine/outpost, Set up home and tools of your trade.

Pony Express RoutesEstablish travel routes on Mars between settlements,Set up ‘truck stops’ (wayside lodges) along the route, Travelers stop for meals, stretching, lodging, provided by Inn keeper and family.Frequent emergency shelters, double as automated farms

65

Future Directions

Economics: large-scale commercial settlement

Business model of full settlement of the Red Planet. Passenger tickets paid in Earth dollars, spacecraft maintained by Mars, fuel from in-space resources. This provides profit to Earth investors without bringing a physical product back.

-a fully reusable Earth-orbit-to-Mars-orbit transport- ship, the size of an ocean passenger ship- permanent Mars shuttle; Mars surface to Mars orbit and back- an Earth shuttle: surface to LEO, the only part paid by Earth money-city on Mars to receive new arrivals, and - provide equipment and provisions for new settlers. -A "company town" built by the same corporation that operates - the ship, and populated mostly by it's employees.

(Rob D.)

66

Uses:• A site to integrate research equipment. • Research on processing food with minimal equipment• Research on building techniques, using local Martian materials• Research on (semi-closed) biological life support, • Open to the Public• Contests (rover run-offs, construction, etc.)• School tours, special programs, children's camp, private events• 'Living History' community (Plymouth, Sturbridge)• Apply lessons learned to Earth ecology.

Full-Scale Mars Prototype/Research Center: • A research facility studying future permanent Mars Settlement.• Publicly demonstrates the feasibility and advantages of living beyond the Earth.

Goals:1. Research feasibility of early, low-cost, permanent settlement of space (starting with Mars).2. Publicity, Education, Public Involvement; especially children.

67

a d d fro m h ttp ://re se a rch p a rk.ksc.n a sa .g o v/i m a g e s/si te l o ca ti o n 1 -l g .j p g ksc-si te l o ca ti o n 1 -l g .j p g

Outfitting Shop(Gift Shop)/Exit

Settlement

NASA DRM(Design Ref. Mission)

MarsHomestead(tm)

Current Display/Contest/ &/orRover Area

Viewing T e rra ceSu rro u nd ing Hills /C ra te r R im

Va lley F lo o r

MainRoadto Parking

BusStop

by B ruc e M ac k enz ie(c ) 2005, M ars F oundat ion

Gas Plant/Refining/ManufacturingSpecial Events

Pavillion(open forexpansion)

Mars Research & Outreach Center, 'Valley' layout

DRM Hab. (tuna)

DRM Return V eh.

Connec t Tube

"Large"M odule

von B raunS hip (butvert ic a l,vis ib le fromhighway )

M as onryV aults

G reenhous e,produc t ion

S ett lerO utfit ter(G ift s hop)(the c o lorof m oney )

G as P lant /Refin ing/M anufac turing

B oP

Joe's "B oom "

Infla tableP avillion(S pec ia lE vents )

B ourghs (?)Condo'sc ut in c liff

O bs ervat ionDom e, B ig

G reenhous e,1s t E x perim enta l

Cupola

7/6/2005, -B ruc e M ac k enz ie, V ers ion 1

Current Research/Special Exhibits(open for expansion)

Entrance/Historical

0 m , Lowes t Levelof M ars Terra in

3 m , Terrac e Level

6 m , C rater R im

9+ m , O bs ervat ionH ill

68

Future Directions

(for FUN ! )

City Design(Bill M.)

69


Mars Homestead project of the Mars Foundation,Hillside Base pictured

Presented by:


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