Introduction to Engineering Microsoft Excel 1 Agenda Tables, Charts, & Graphs.
1. Tables, Charts, and Graphs Microsoft Word & Excel 2003.
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Transcript of 1. Tables, Charts, and Graphs Microsoft Word & Excel 2003.
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Tables, Charts, and Graphs
Microsoft Word & Excel 2003
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Tables, Charts, & Graphs
Tables present information in numbers and rows, rather than with graphics
Charts graphically represent data contained in a worksheet
Select the table or chart type based on the message you are trying to convey
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Tables, Charts, & Graphs
Create with the Table command, the Chart Wizard or Insert Chart command
Can be embedded onto a worksheet or created on a separate chart sheet (Excel)
Or created in the document (Word)
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What is a Chart?
A graphic representation of data in a worksheet
Chart elements Category labels – descriptive text entries
(i.e. variable names, response names) Data points – numeric values Data series: a grouping of data points (i.e.
each response for a question)
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Chart Types
What message or information are you trying to convey?
Use the appropriate chart type Pie and Exploded pie charts display
proportional relationships Column charts display numbers and are
useful for showing comparisons between groups or responses
Bar charts display numbers horizontally Keep it simple
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Pie Charts
Tom1%
Dick4% Harry
9%
Ben18%
Ken68%
Ken pays 68% of the bill before the refund
Each slice of the pie represents the percentage of the dinner bill each person paysSlices are exploded
Chart title
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Column Charts
Row 3 contains column headings and forms labels for X axis
Embedded chart shows both the chart and the data
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Creating A Chart
Charts and graphs can be made in Excel or Word
The Wizard (or steps) basically work the same way In Excel, you have pre-existing data, or you
enter data into a worksheet In Word, you have to enter the data into a
“datasheet” that appears when you begin the chart creation process
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Creating A Chart in Excel
Two ways to create in Excel Embed chart in worksheet
Sizing handles allow you to size, move, copy, or delete an embedded chart
Create in separate chart sheet (F11) Easier to format
Charts are linked to underlying data A change in the data instantly updates the
chart(s) created on that data
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Creating A Chart in Excel Open the file & select the cells that contain the
data Be sure to include row & column headings
For a “stand alone” chart, press the F11 key Opens a chart sheet which you can customize
For an “embedded” chart, click the Chart Wizard button on the standard toolbar Select the chart type Check the data series Complete the chart options Choose the location
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Choose the Chart Type
Select any of the standard chart types or click the Custom Types tab to create your own
Sub-types change as a different chart type is selected
Definitely use this button. If all you see is a blank screen, cancel and reselect data.
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Check the Data Series
Preview the chart before going further
The first row is used as a default for the X axis labels
Collapse button hides the dialog and allows you to select a different range
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Complete the Chart Options
Enter a title for the chart. If you want labels for the axes, enter them here
Use the other tabs to add descriptive text to the chart and enhance its formatting
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Choose the Location
Use this option to create the chart in a chart sheet. Remember F11 provides this result instantly
Give the chart sheet a name
Use this option to embed the chart
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Modifying a Chart
Add labels, change the data type, or format the chart with the Chart toolbar
Add text boxes, arrows and other objects for emphasis with the Drawing toolbar
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Enhancing a Chart
Arrow with embedded text box highlights fourth quarter increase
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Moving and Sizing the Chart
Sizing handles indicate a chart is selected and can be moved, sized, copied, or deleted Drag a corner
handle to change height and width simultaneously and keep in proportion
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Hands-on Exercise 1
Title of Exercise: The Chart Wizard Objective: To create and modify a chart
by using the Chart Wizard; to embed a chart within a worksheet; to enhance a chart to include arrows and text. Input file: Software Sales Output file: Software Sales Solution
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Multiple Data Series
Select multiple data series when you want to see individual data points rather than totals
Determine whether data series are in rows or columns Data points plotted are the same either way,
but grouping will be different.
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Rows Versus Columns
If data series are in rows First row is used for category labels Remaining rows are used for data series First column is used for the legend text
If data series are in columns First column is used for category labels Remaining columns are used for data series First row is used for legend text
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Data Series in Rows
Data series in rows, so first row is used as category labels and remaining rows are data series
First column used as legend text
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Data Series in ColumnsData series in columns, so first column is used as category labels and the first row as legend text
Data points are the same; different grouping allows you to make different comparisons
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Stacked Column Charts
Depicts totals by category instead of each individual data point Each data point is plotted as part of a whole Useful when you want to compare totals by
category
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Example of Stacked Column Chart
Each category is graphed as a total. Denver is plotted beginning where Miami left off
Data labels show the value associated with each piece of the column
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Hands-on Exercise 2
Title of Exercise: Multiple Data Series Objective: To plot multiple data series in
the same chart; to differentiate between data series in rows and columns Input file: Software Sales Solution (from first
exercise) Output file: Software Sales Solution
(additional modifications)
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Creating A Chart in Word
In Word: “Insert” Menu Choose “Picture” Then “Chart” You’ll get a similar
wizard as the one in Excel
Begin by entering data into datasheet
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Creating A Chart in Word
The wizard will open with sample data entered
Clear out this data & enter your own data into the datasheet
Again, you’ll need to consider what data to present in columns vs. rows
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Creating A Chart in Word
Make any changes to data (# decimal points) & close your datasheet
To modify your chart, right click inside the chart area
“Chart Type” will allow you to preview & change the type of chart (same as Excel)
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Creating A Chart in Word
“Chart Options” will allow you to add a title, change the legend, add data labels, etc. (same as Excel)
After modifications, click “OK”
Any element of the chart can be modified by right clicking on it
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Creating A Chart in Word
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Hand-on Exercise
Use your handout to create a chart for the data listed in the first example
Enter the data in the datasheet, modify your chart as you like, add a title, values, etc.
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Tables
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Tables
Tables feature Table menu
Insert Table command
Cells Insert Delete Borders and
Shading
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Formatting Tables Click Table menu
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Table Properties Command
TableProperties
Table Menu
Click OK to choose
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Hands-on Exercise
Create a basic Table for the second set of information in your handout
We’ll need 4 columns & 5 rows
If you choose an “AutoFormat” option, your table will have preformatted elements
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Hands-on Exercise
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Presenting Data Properly
…standardized presentations
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Presenting Data Properly
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Presenting Data Properly
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Presenting Data Properly
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Presenting Data Properly
Bivariate Analysis Analysis with two variables for
description or explanation Involves table construction Tables vary based on the type of variables
you have (categorical or continuous)
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Presenting Data Properly
Two categorical variables: The order of presentation follows causal
logic: IV DV Ex: Gender as an influence on church
attendance Categorize the IV (gender) by columns
and the DV (church attendance) by rows Facilitates left to right comparison
across columns
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Presenting Data Properly
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Presenting Data Properly
Categorize the IV (gender) by columns and the DV (church attendance) by rows
Facilitates left to right comparison across columns
If you do the opposite, you confuse the issue and the reader – it doesn’t make sense to imply that church attendance influences gender
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Presenting Data Properly
One categorical and one continuous variable
You have descriptive statistics for one continuous variable for two or more groups of respondents (defined by a categorical variable)
“Subgroup” comparisons Ex: Income by Gender
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Presenting Data Properly
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Presenting Data Properly
Multivariate Analysis Two or more predictor variables and an
outcome Organize the columns by all predictors
Divide LAST by the variable of PRIMARY theoretical interest
This facilitates comparisons among categories of that variable
Ex: if we focus on gender, divide last by that
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Presenting Data Properly
Two or more predictor variables & an outcome
Ex: gender & age as predictors of church attendance
Distinguish by categories by gender and age Young men & old men; young women & old
women For each group, calculate the percentage that
attends church weekly vs. less often
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Presenting Data Properly
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Presenting Data Properly
Multivariate Analysis If the predictors are equally important,
you might consider a different style of presentation
Present percentages for only one outcome category
Organize rows by one predictor, columns by the other
Allows comparisons of weekly attendance by age & gender
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Presenting Data Properly
N
%
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Presenting Data Properly
Multivariate Analysis with Continuous Variables
Organize rows by one predictor, columns by the other
Present mean for each “cell” in the table Ex: gender, job tenure & income
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Presenting Data Properly
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Presenting Data Properly
You have examples in your handouts of standard presentation forms for other types of charts and tables: Correlation matrixes Regression analysis presentation Different forms of tables and charts for
presenting frequencies and crosstab data
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Correlation Matrix
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Regression Analysis
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Regression Analysis
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Factor Analysis Matrix
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Questions?