V1.~

" rS~ g4-I~

Re FR~k~ACxs-s -

o1 L &c. CUR..

1 nTTtGL4rg Cctuts

(0lQ CcO..CS &CA3CesA-L.

5o 0A6v' L&J- SiAbAACC I4A 0A C 1 40LmCUocNAz fySCS S&Js

J1+&s<L AAt %cpaon4 2tKH A4RAA N'o /63

.o ,-"c-c.Tuo wss#

y

1

c3s ------4b ,bwAc Vt % AA RA

7 co de s Sc 14 vLc)O c'eown uc S/c 0770S2CO904sIcwe. PROCeSSESI, eco3s

(. uAA)/ C- (-,C- C L., , ce o e Ab oL c o-.,LU ,e.

S y59cS 4AJ T iDu Z +ct g . A ... -- e'At.I.. AA T ...

(A U &1 7 1, Tu a vr t , <- sou Ccu C<SS iT9 ?

Th- 0oeQ6jCTS mt7& cO J7bgJ 4 jA5 vl A 4 ER As7RaJ&ly %ooc &

yaV s>- LL 0+^^5 .AeA -o i% F :

7h'C- uoub e. 7 m E GAcA

VUAS 'O &v. . ( .-r ) c oo.0" &.-77. KS4-,

SL, " % KsJC o$ cA .* &c), _.6AC

S cov o,._3e t 5,04- 8 - -,a AL- X> A L.c

TJA U S I nU F those . o o O S<s Uo7f

ScCc A-p 5. toe a ( g( ( 1(Lo(AtdJ 1 UgboThiA) 93$ /

tIsooit 3&T fC. 192 S z 9> 3L156-rae O- 4.c.u. _97L A , S9 1,..

& LA%$O4 o ju /w e uct , Njc SSgTRocTu .A £& - f\

R s-R &Ll- rA ,g Ea>poe s fj &2~- A4 P Co a e OC, s~ ..

kc, 0 CobC&a

, 1 k-- /t23

&fC6 &dc

ir g et

Mas 2SP

C2C (T t3 L0

cJ- Z

-J

It

cn

ie'e discovered a dut and gas cloud which is either the beginningof a new star orjust a hell of a lot of dust and gas."

e-e-

.o , 1K ,3 to , o- . .r. K . ~So 2~c 44

01+ IZOK t o 9R

CA-ST

, Qtguwou3S Y B..T JIl&.LCO c e R AS of 5 R od E s -

Co 4 THE 1 .. 0 0 TE PeSSTAJ -0 CO{{+ o ctb Jtzz vtQ oJ (; A& & fC0< FiCos)CS tG US QS > RA c.

Vco Thc cCAnnATECP Ctuiocnond

WNI CA) Is C CinrrZj?+5o 6 c2S M Jn

C 04 ls (iAeoss 5Le RgA

SA... Co as c-zQnc : OTICALCJ Ti4 (

0, O t.L E oe A c - -

> aT A "Go 0n 5,o

-. , LA .. W-- .. .. tt / s•c

L. . .r o a e

v-0* tt)QMu \o dJw v~ ct~w

nkc. 4 co eL~t ,.o. .. e M ....

SQ /k:o

u -2u& ixc~t

L C U Stas' o, ta,4g(AAArg~jD J/ZUd~Ch 4ICll

Lsc~rc~ ens-cE~fO~*M3SbFUA in. 4<.eX,~(

-c)kA,

C-~ & elrc-~ _~

ctcc o

Gv,.,dt> \ASC~c C)V2[V7cn 1 J ?

5c CpC' SAou Ueoet oE kA-i e sacu-TC- & c2L

C cQ<& siz0 ,RS ZTL Th A Zt LL. &.

0JC-Ub CoC.- C Ic<,SoAc c CIPATT I ,JoZMAL

DGOSI-i / T see.Arue65 v. Lc.cAL- W

k QICC 'lcQ}ThSQo vetc. <tta od VYASKoie c ,A2 n 4aw

%I £QAA\fCAL 6 O, L Aj c ST/l T dCLOCIj L A A I- T vd,v o< .

- .I r

Z" ti,,J .'lC- Sci

Th M~ 0%QL4 7 9 VoL /V>4h~M c , ckc I4

0< x =Z~d>7 fQ3 cA'

t Cfa

.* . Acm -uA.0" vt0

4n \ ctGtouOj Lcct \- rcey t=7 tc Q Soowtm kWeouJ- acj

&r &pcrzTLj co, seGcm b LA9& T 94AE(-g PAoDi

71~A ;PF~ ) 6

1,4mwrv Acct Tor\J c. II (.96e AL

- 4 4+ -:\ , M AAred.aac - M A3 Ac-re _.L~P~5 J~x~~~~ecwed,~j dP

tcLQcgPC(ATU op MVO QLEcCAR CLocbS

C. CO OQTCALU hCk c er)0 G

TixeR / AA C- G

d CO 3(-?o

t --+- I * ----t. - ..

P- o C S: i) v ~oo oP o eseR- .tA ,,LTo-0,

0 o Th.A r~GiJS 9ocR 5 oo pt imt e-re

S vo ---e <s o - vee e o v e g&K t s A y cS...

C - & Ta,,, Tk? A 7c--& 9 cT 6 C . r m - S1A & rZ 5 i

gr T F . e 0 ', c-e ( -.. T- 6, -- 6 C....^. ...SSor

..

A.

e.wuu oa S&Uve. F..rcm.nor. AJCGP&$..f ao.cc- ads - isPR-.P Fc Too

U OR Ts . era o K

.. u.. . A - ,0 e. s a = ( .0 0 si e d e , o <,/ . ........

tu............. sT ( k0S CT 0 -- hP :& . .. 3/

300

'E 2 0019ioo

.o

C

100

0

0 2 3K---

4 5 6

.. rotational energy levels for NH 3 in its ground vibrational state (Morris et al., 1973,:r-,;ion of The University of Chicago Press). Ortho levels are marked by asterisks.

... sp iittings have been expanded by a factor of 10.

-10

3 --10

-10 - 10 --8

-9-9 -9 8 -- 7-8 6

88

7 -7--g-8 -8 -6

--. 7 - 6 -5-- 7 -4

-6 4S -4

-6 -6 K-4-5 -4

-5 -5 -- 4 -3-4 -4 -- 3. K-3

-3 -3 -- 2-2 -_2 K-2

'01 KKO

- 10 10

-9 -9 -10

--9-10

-8 -9-8

-7 -8-7

-6 6 -7 8.

-6-- S

-4 -4 - -6 -7

-_3 -3 -4 -5 -6-2 -2 -3 -4

KO Kl K2 -3K3 --4

K4

(a) (b)

FIG. 3-2. Energy levels of typical symmetric-top molecules. (a) prolate; (b) oblatesymmetric top.

(6s) ,

(5;0) .{g 6,6,L-C~ f(66)

~(44);€3 o!'.3 3y, .

i~ .

(3,0) _) ( (1-(2 2)

1',0 .- I) J! 0)

I )

-30 - 20 -10 0 10

VLSR

-30 - 20 -10 0 10VLSR

0.3

0.2

TA"' :cr : -i- '' ~t~:~i~~;nrl~-u;3~+ -:t. :- ;; .-. .j-ICI~- ~L J~9~~a~ '''~I-.; ..

0.1

0

-0.1

0.12

0.08

TA

0.04

0

-0.0 4

Ni' :' :~ :'~;? i;, .

r ..'~. - , " -,. : !-

.nr~h-

.r, .-~rr~-i -. rl,.;.. ..;..c~? --.~.. ~ c .:.

r ., ;. ''L.r r* '.-r ... ~. -i--~

h -t -~ 1'iCt;.,, -z;- :1-9- ~, .,,,

-- ~ ?u(i \r''.. . - -...

. -~ . ...r. r. .

''' 'r s;' r

.

'i'

'

:-:-.'1C "r-- ~r"-' ....r ~ ' .. r 2~?.r -.~'

i'~'t . ,:.:''~'~ ~.\1 ~" :''' ~ ~ ~ r ..-.*C t-

1..' - pu: ~5: -i ":o.. -r,;_r ,- ..i ~j~~~wr.li J~-U ~i~~ ~ i ' .*:$ -;

'-rT

' i'9.I e c

16 h 2 5 m 16h 24m 16 h2 3 moc(1950)

C

c1",1

-24 10'

-24o20'

8 (1950)

-24o30'

of MoccuLA< CLoUC oudL PD csi0aj oR A [ P Lt 4L c CP

E t I ( sCz3tt 2r s) (Si ± '

CvIwissio j Lw- LJPCe LevaAi (PLA A

Ro fT R

L4optA

T -( e ' A d"Lf~i~,q.-3$ 3 {Ci N

'..

KC a ecd c tioL& /0iO O (

i.i\ cot-3.- (C a

Ise£.. X' (4czsu5jS5

cIif (~S5~.

S1

0 GlL C () C-

IL +tc aicnzx- vs ltw<e

1.- o:2 k a\gV 3

So

TA

aCT-C

K /-l%, C, .

-i A." inlc C ,

FoR LT E I

^l; 4 T 4t.

.,

,}+,? 1

9 e

' 4A- E4 ;4

o4. &o. ok(T Yrmc2c

-JKhe&Jr

31Qt o Ie(s

13

10

= nL ?f -

^r 4A

< C +4) V3

-wae -

. riti')

3 -3' 10 o 2AM

1Ca-

AlnC,. LLJI 4 Q Ckpc

00(7b LtA)

- %S4 t

rte--

t 1I

_nnC

~_~~~~ ~_~~__~~~~ ia-cS

_1 I I

LAV F J v A 11

bGOS~ oG VAOUCLU-A R e_-ooTs

II---., -- • 5 VIA

0t LT - ? A J&I /r L Sr u CS rJ i -o T C ou S.

LA O J G 0 eJ -.... .CL.

V.vt w ote o I A -L er np iA o'oCCc-c S

A A-) v ob6, of St: ud 6- L- Pot W1 AT\i C-LO OL- c o

V\A t A L & T R JS cftlfl oL- w ;)T Pov7c' o 6L-

-zCO . p O _ 1 C-R~ - PC0 ) moo,

CS 5SALto.00

.. C-.L.. ^..*.. ... *7 J3 S

SLJA r e aoC

L } Urac e I I c,

Sco ss rr

<S 3 0c Ae-S

UAL S ( e4 5c-s5

" 1 :.I--i1I~-rr r~n-rc; I- CCI r.rr-a - u ~~i- c--rr-~o L- r -n- -r~.~- r-- l ---

19 hOm 18h59 m 18 h 5 8 m

o(1950)

19 0 0 m 18h5 9 m 18 5 8 "

DENSITY (10 cm )

- 370 -

0c

GO

-370 O' -

18h57 m

- 370 F

RCr A2 mm HZCO

N)

7

0.L~O0.

0

0

M,-,

.- 371O' _

18 h5 7 m

-- --- - -- --~- -71

- I- ... I I T , ---

; -- ~-

-1 -= - - ; I-- I - -- - ---" '-- --

RCr A

ft

1!

'

1

- 24° 10'

0.5

- 2420' I

p Oph

2mm HzCO

-24o30' F

16 h2 4 m 16 h 2 3 m

c( 1950)

-24 ° 10'

• "

-.. 220

, , - - i.. , ; . . .. - se , . L-, . " __.

r24°20

... I yOc:.. 1 :. :-~ :.., . mN

* :''

,: -.-: , r. i r ~~ r;,r~; 'S:~2~ ~.~r ~ c-r:';. : ;-~. ,''. "*'5. ..: ~~: ., *. --:r"-

"~ '~' ' . ' '- . -I '.-~ ' .1 - ;: i.I~ r~*; ~ lI i .~tr.c .*

.r -- ~~,r ^~I Ir* i-~e~:i' ,: ~1".~-'t^" '~C,'""" c.~;--~e-~ pl r;a~~nr~l .%r % p ":';-~ ~..i IF; :f "-..

0In

S2430' --

- 0.2

p Oph

2 cm H2CO

E 29

I II16 h24 m

S git(1950)

-,

3- .-.

dO

16h 23m

0.5 fl

.. ina.

-

- -- 1

~ . Lt -.=I;-' " ' '.. 1. ~; ; -.~..uf'-i. ~- ~ ~ r" ''- ': cl~s~r~nrrr....... -. .~.''

S.CHCO

. L34N (0 0) . O0 .. 6

LSR VELOCITY (km/s)

Fia. 3.-Spectra for HCO, H13CO*, and DCO* at the pst. 0(2', -4') in L134N (see Fig. 2 for the reference position). Itany HCO+ emission is evident at vLS = 2.0 km sI, where

H -. 4CO and DCO peak. -.3-2 0 2 4

LSR VELOCETY (km/s)

Ftc. 2.-Spectra for the HCO isotopes at the central pos

,--(0, 0) in L134N. This position has the (1950) coordinates

151151m30s, 6 =-- 2043'31", and VLSR = 2.5 km s-'. Thepeak in 1for HCO occurs at VLSRisevident = 3.5 km st , while those for, er

HCOCO and HC18O+ are at 2.4 km s1, and the DCO+ em

3 POph A -2 p 2HCO NRAO

. 2.-Specta for the HCO isotopes NRA

-e5.O 1

-155130-, a =" 23'31" and'Lsr 2.kms- . The.peakIin

peaks at 2.0 km s - ..

".. -T - L 1 - L. "

" d - -L0 -

II• r . " " " : ' ,

,0 .BAJ 0 AO c-

eXAs IoecuccSAsn,

Assueu SAWKS Te , 5Ccw-0 eArAc r&&- coA

9. VA c TvCe(tCiATclJ ERG Toh J& O nwbC S

A pt CCa 7 =Gu,( TA SV .tC(tAS&

iVwLO O c ca e & 5 o rT & RA ( J C'

CDCAC &QvE4CX

\R. 6 w,b:cito Ov 0 r Q Rsi/L &J &(RAI v (Kt:/JACSLC)

CO .

CO tRf rwtx G k s mI< ,siJ6. o o ) cr pAR

1s 6546 SyVes(Uost Pi

As end oF COOTRA) Y ( coN= 14'Mss OAJt&RC$Trv^

M' A& <. oP ROM / C o .. T. ..Wu ro ca ' 0C

C- IVAQ5-a~ k Fto- Vh-SCee YtZeY )fCOCM ATOAJ

4q L~ftU CNCAAM(SIYZ

}41 (L M±L - aV3 4-

~t co - co

LFoR LCD Y Csi Z4A/kj &-< bo>So svccreoM FO%

. BS gUE bCC 0 Vo i t A-L2. 4 I GotuLho-(4LaAt4t-- C, tS 07, 'o 7.

xctco o) ( c t v C e .. .)--7

CO - .' 5 s o X ce3 , )c ) A.) .

Ro " " ye)4 o 0

Co...ob cc .- o -.--.. -- . --.. 0. o.0 B Jto t& W A3 W 4 A /. CCO .S

_-- A 8 c A ~3C s

y

RAY (25/n)

PROTONS H,

(K 2 e - T/T)

( 1 /3 K ,)

HD DC2CO

(K,)

CO

HD

CO

= it cou J

..... ....

COlSMIC

rs3,d C-0

L I _ _ _s

+ T~> 'je C4s-Ce& &tbcs % dc

x (%>X t .o

ES I c jj ki.

( k 7/

L m, e Coe99l;, c j ., o<8ce*e. rcoY9b0 I%

coC deVt.r

('- /

\F C'kA0GCC RCS<tes Ja 6 GA& A oAG)frF'Ct JOT 7C-b Tl &AS

&Q Co N L CCaTC- (CTUrc wg

MA\'M g CORC-- oF cCoU t RoTA S7.o , oPoS T& S&-' G- ro

o d T 1 ,l- YT , C 4 rU A C &- c J e T-S zc r- .& 70 /k 0,

C'grz suua - +r n -Oto-) StEA-& oP Ccoc) coaeCcaLc4 SodsJrotS9 f3iij A1752<2, no'-

\(CU3&s &tfl c.I 9 SI Ap 3giL( ( .

T.. .. "

K nk

usrRT c <..wS

(0 "- s o a O

"* o ,e.-M e G(R37CLCZS

~L~ v$ 0

UShR CLOU7~

1to O10 K.-04 7c..K' 10 0

1o r co -I

10 9 \)o -Ico

Ly -A 0 R T 5 T

SC. L- oF v- - o.io&

WV < c 6r\ RT ISA et A S sCA) / U-L;SC(1q<- J A Cs C P 1ac471H

WC--so T Q$)c.Q6C& COU 4-L To

1c4 6 ( or u u ce t Tk- /-fA MA)

CoLLAP'6 eOTAT?7O 2GPCA JSto4

tC-Q:oT0 RtULC.Jc >- CH 4R/tCret tPn&T CScL 5 LS RCEqg E S b PcoF/cLS5DR(f vALtJ te L)cab 7u 6y SC;A-icI r OF7ES ' cO

Qo 'T& COMMoli s&) oH~to Ao CULC&

A-tso 0o 7 - ro 0 JU c Thy-t ,ctr o6t ,ZISC- Oaf.abt a.

tA2bv CLOUZS- A^Mye(ZS FuutS A 1 - tR A&LA7^

$ $- H C K cirt A-Dcu . A& S .S f ee R oV '4 L ,,,o -.. 7

StU(&UFL YJ8TT CL&Or OER TERtaLo Co Z

FOTA-TRbh% 6teDO)So-' 1:Psc rtZ F--cD AS

?Lr -s co Ne. .J0S ?J t"' ColA& C-b. 4 t~$

c'q w

- " loo . . ... g e - o i- . ..

CAvJor %& tORZ)J 6 9t Rs-

MeCwkAaMaL. o(LLbAA) Oe\ obsJ4O ,oyeet-C&

CAx% M--4hb A/tGw &77OOU (4 oy- o 2>.Jr

I-,\4, Cv, ukkt.,.,, O4 e o rc,,- d " h/ b (-J VvoC

.......... 3 o, jr ,-n.... 0-Cdgo. L,.,) .

l , . ..".o: . . r s. .. i ^ . .6. y .s . r ." .. . .. • .- . .. . .''"' +""' y ' .s .. N+F " 1 te!1r , " + s i .' .' "" _ .

. . .o • .. .. ..s

C.s

! : .f .. o. . .. .. .-,. "

^ I _ 15 K

,, . "-.,

" I. L .• . ." ,,"-W , ,,, . , .r .... '" ; : - ....+-.. -... .-.:,, -,. ..;. .! .. .".- a - .. " .: , - • ,- -. 1 -"4 "-.,~.... . y. ,. . _.x'' ,.r.'y ...'.. .. .. .... ... .... ..... -s " r w * "" Du .... ...,. .., :,. .... ... ... ... ... .. .....r r.r .. ..' _.:: , " -". a i ._., , ., r ., ... .. i. . ..' .... S \ .... _ , .; .... ..... r ..; ._ , . .

... - ,.,,; . .: . . . i-i ; : . . . . . : , . : : - .,. ] - - . . ...- y,-,• .f•"•.*

rr

i .,r

.4-. .. ... .:... .... ., . .-.t " ; _ 4 t . J " -..re __]7 .. . " ".15..: :- "a....- . - -,- ,!J ... -. J. = .1 -- -r . .. = ,-,.,..,

.;. -^y t.. z'" .i .. .. ,J; " +... o."+ , ' y " t': . ~... p '! , . . i f.. sr'-. • .";'i xpodany" het. S." .. , ..:,, ...{, ..' .- '=S'^.- '-t.i, ',

T ' : ' '" " " - ' _a" i ". ".. ' ' - ' . " , . . "i + f " , ^ . +.. " . ^ . ?W" ! . " " " " ;" " " ' " .. " ' ' h 4 f r t " r " ' " .. ..-." " ' ' " * " : ' " "

- .- =,= • _ . a . . .. • . '

,. , . . .,

.I ° "'. ". ".~ " . 5 " •CZ' -- '". ..

•~~~~~~~ ... .' . .- •... . ..: ,.- .. .- _ .

' " 1 : :,{. ..: : * . : ... .. ' .7 . : ..•. ": -..,i ,ii,,,7.: :. i-.i-- -. ... , . . .... .

- . .. .... . * , ." "... . -..... .. . ... -% .};.: ... L" ':.'- ".. ..

. .0 ;. "- .. -. ~

Mw r.a. y @lcJr^1t : { t 0 .. :°yi7 1 2 2.

.ry r , : lJ, fM r " " - : "" . -M .rfJ '"J d ./'r. . ,,. .Y 1. .' .. " ,11 .' ar ' "" .y1 y t: t 2 I i"'V "r j. ' . ym yyI" "1'.' i A r e . '.yl r t ? K.4; ' p 1 M'' ^- * -r i +'rl

^ . '" + ., . s: .. " _ , .i /" ' ' ,". . r " t +r"1 .> f . l e ! ", 'rr "ts0.;r" . ~ir / F= fW h~~i 1+1 "rt. .' rr cr« + 1 f i." s ( h':A- i04r. "i t

" r- . " '1 I "'. h. r s ,.' :- --- : ' .. ,ti , t J t t p-

{ - ' .f , A L d a Y, , w " A r J . K t 4 , " I I I L I I *. *.. L . e

L 4 ..-. . 4G 36 $," J C' " ) 29.,.r.i~ {4 ~4 22in r 1

04 z