1. reaction of electrons
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202/1 – Know the principles of electricity
Outcome 1.1 – Reaction of electrons
Unit 202 Principles of electrical science
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Unit 202 summative assessment
June 2015 (TBC)
Unit 202 Principles of electrical science
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1.1 Describe the reaction of electrons when charged to form an electric current
This session
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Electron flow
????????????????
CONVENTIONAL
ACTUAL
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Molecules
Every known substance is made of molecules.
Every molecule is made of atoms.
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Atom construction
Atoms consist of 3 different particles
Protons Electrons Neutrons
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Atom construction
Each of these has a different electrical charge Protons ????????????? Electrons Neutrons
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Atom construction
Each of these has a different electrical charge Protons positive (+ve) Electrons ??????????? Neutrons
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Atom construction
Each of these has a different electrical charge Protonspositive (+ve) Electrons negative (-ve) Neutrons ???????
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Atom construction
Each of these has a different electrical charge Protonspositive (+ve) Electrons negative (-ve) Neutrons neutral
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Atom construction
As neutrons play no part in electricity at this level
of study, they can be ignored from now on
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Atom constructionProtons are at the centre of an atom with the electrons orbiting around them.
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Copper atom
Copper has 29 electrons orbiting 29 protons
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Copper atom
But may look more like this:-
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A conductor
A conductor has electrons far away from the protons in the
nucleus of an atom.
These electrons are easily moved from atom to atom and are called valence electrons.
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A conductor
Copper (29)
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A conductor
Aluminium (13)
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A conductor
Silver (47)
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Atom attraction
A positive magnet will attract a negative magnet,
The closer they are, the stronger the attraction
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Atom attraction
This is the same within an atom, the electron is attracted towards the proton
The closer they are, the stronger the attraction
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Atom attraction
In a copper atom, the single electron furthest from protons has the least attraction
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Atom attraction
This electron is easily moved from atom to
atom and is the flow of electricity.
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Electron flow between atoms
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KprFTxjQAoE
Video
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IF…….
6,241,509,629,152,650,000
electrons flow
This equals one coulomb
If 1 coulomb flows in 1 second this equals 1 amp
Measurement of electrical current flow
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six quintillion, two hundred forty-one quadrillion, five hundred nine trillion, six
hundred twenty-nine billion, one hundred fifty-two million, six hundred
fifty thousand
In words
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1.1 Describe the reaction of electrons when charged to form an electric current ?
A current will flow when an electro motive force is connected to a complete circuit.
Consolidation
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1.2 Identify sources of an electromotive force
1.3 Describe the effects of an electric current
Chemical, magnetic, thermal.
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