1-Principles of Emergency Care
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Transcript of 1-Principles of Emergency Care
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8/3/2019 1-Principles of Emergency Care
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SL.ppt/TR/FC 20
BLS for HCP
Session 1
Principles of Emergency Care
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At the end of this session, participants shall be able to:At the end of this session, participants shall be able to:
1. Explain the procedure of getting started during emergency.1. Explain the procedure of getting started during emergency.2. Describe the five emergency action principles .2. Describe the five emergency action principles .3. Enumerate golden rules in giving emergency care.3. Enumerate golden rules in giving emergency care.4. Demonstrate how to do initial assessment of the victim.4. Demonstrate how to do initial assessment of the victim.5. Discuss the basic precautions in disease prevention.5. Discuss the basic precautions in disease prevention.
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1. PLANNING1. PLANNING
2. PROVISION OF LOGISTICS2. PROVISION OF LOGISTICS
Emergency plan should be establishedEmergency plan should be established
based on anticipated needs and availablebased on anticipated needs and available
resources.resources.
The emergency response begins with theThe emergency response begins with the
preparation of equipment and personnel beforepreparation of equipment and personnel before
any emergency occurs.any emergency occurs.
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3. INITIAL RESPONSE3. INITIAL RESPONSE
a.a. AAsk for HELP.sk for HELP.
b.b. IIntervenentervene
c.c. DDo no further harm.o no further harm.
4. INSTRUCTION TO BY4. INSTRUCTION TO BY--STANDERSSTANDERSProper information and instruction to byProper information and instruction to by--
stander/s would provide organized firststander/s would provide organized firstaid care.aid care.
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1.1. SURVEY THE SCENESURVEY THE SCENE
2.2. ACTIVATE MEDICAL ASSISTANCEACTIVATE MEDICAL ASSISTANCE
3.3. INITIAL ASSESSMENT OF THE VICTIMINITIAL ASSESSMENT OF THE VICTIM
4.4. SECONDARY ASSESSMENT OF THE VICTIMSECONDARY ASSESSMENT OF THE VICTIM
5.5. REFERRAL FOR FURTHER EVALUATION AND MANAGEMENTREFERRAL FOR FURTHER EVALUATION AND MANAGEMENT
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SL.ppt/TR/FC6
Call First and Care FirstCall First and Care First
BothBoth trainedtrained andand untraineduntrained bystandersbystanders shouldshould bebe
instructedinstructed toto ActivateActivate MedicalMedical AssistanceAssistance asas soonsoon asas
theythey havehave determineddetermined thatthat anan adultadult victimvictim requiresrequiresemergencyemergency carecare CallCall FirstFirst.. WhileWhile forfor infantsinfants andand
childrenchildren aa CareCare FirstFirst approachapproach isis recommendedrecommended..
2. ACTIVATE MEDICAL ASSISTANCE (AMA)2. ACTIVATE MEDICAL ASSISTANCE (AMA)
OR TRANSFER FACILITYOR TRANSFER FACILITY
InIn somesome emergency,emergency, youyou willwill havehave enoughenough timetime toto callcall forfor specificspecific medicalmedical adviceadvice beforebeforeadministeringadministering firstfirst aidaid.. ButBut inin somesome situations,situations, youyou willwill needneed toto attendattend toto thethe victimvictim firstfirst..
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InformationInformation toto bebe rememberedremembered inin activatingactivating MedicalMedical AssistanceAssistance::
--WHATWHAT happened?happened?
--LOCATION?LOCATION?
--NUMBERNUMBER ofof PersonsPersons Injured?Injured?
--EXTENTEXTENT ofof InjuryInjury andand FirstFirst AidAid given?given?--TheThe TELEPHONETELEPHONE nono.. fromfrom wherewhere youyou areare calling?calling?
--PERSONPERSON whowho activatedactivated MedicalMedical AssistanceAssistance mustmust identifyidentify him/herselfhim/herself andand dropdrop
thethe phonephone lastlast..
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HEMS Operation Center711-1001
711-1002
651 7800 loc 2206/2207
EMERGENCY HOTLINES
117 DILG PATROL168 MAKATI C3 RESCUE161 MARIKINA RESCUE136 MMDA9284396 QUEZON CITY RESCUE SAGIP BUHAY92759146411000 PASIG CITY RESCUE8338512 PASAY CITY RESCUE5270864 PNRC ( Manila chapter)
WHAT ARE YOUR
EMERGENCY NUMBERS?
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For sudden collapse in victim of all ages, the lone HCP should
* call the emergency response number( e.g.161, 117, 168 or
nearest hospital )* use an AED, when readily available* return to the victim to begin CPR (and use the AED )
For unresponsive victim of all ages with likely asphyxial arrest (e.g.drowning) the HCP should
* deliver at least 5 cycles (2 min.) of CPR before leavingthe victim
* call the emergency response number* use an AED, if available
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3. DO A PRIMARY SURVEY OF THE VICTIM3. DO A PRIMARY SURVEY OF THE VICTIMInIn everyevery emergencyemergency situation,situation, youyou mustmust firstfirst findfind outout ifif therethere areare conditionsconditions thatthat areare anan
immediateimmediate threatthreat toto thethe victimsvictims lifelife..
10
Check forCheck forResponsivenessResponsiveness
Open theOpen the AirwayAirway
PerformPerform Rescue BreathingRescue BreathingPerformPerform CompressionCompression
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4. DO A SECONDARY ASSESMENT OF THE VICTIM4. DO A SECONDARY ASSESMENT OF THE VICTIMItIt isis aa systematicsystematic methodmethod ofof gatheringgathering additionaladditional informationinformation aboutabout injuriesinjuries oror
conditionsconditions thatthat maymay needneed carecare..
a.a. Interview the victimInterview the victim
SS-- signs and symptomssigns and symptomsAA -- allergiesallergies
MM -- medicationsmedications
PP -- past medical historypast medical history
LL -- last meal takenlast meal taken
EE -- events prior to injury or incidentevents prior to injury or incident
b.b. Check vital signsCheck vital signs-- every 15 minutes if stable condition, andevery 15 minutes if stable condition, andevery 5 minutes if unstableevery 5 minutes if unstable
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c. Head to toe examination
D- deformityC- contusionA- abrasionP- punctures
B- burnT- tendernessL- lacerationS- swelling
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5. REFERRAL OF THE VICTIM FOR FURTHER5. REFERRAL OF THE VICTIM FOR FURTHER
EVALUATION AND MANAGEMENTEVALUATION AND MANAGEMENT
ItIt refersrefers toto thethe transfertransfer ofof aa victimvictim toto hospitalhospital oror healthhealthcarecare facilityfacility ifif necessarynecessary forfor aa definitivedefinitive treatmenttreatment..
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DOs
1. Do obtain consent when possible1. Do obtain consent when possible
2. Do think of the worst2. Do think of the worst
3. Do remember to identify yourself3. Do remember to identify yourself
4. Do provide comfort and emotional support4. Do provide comfort and emotional support
5. Do respect the victim( modesty and privacy)5. Do respect the victim( modesty and privacy)6. Do be as calm and direct as possible6. Do be as calm and direct as possible
7. Do care for the most serious injuries first7. Do care for the most serious injuries first
8. Do assist the victim on medication8. Do assist the victim on medication
9. Do keep on lookers away from the injured person9. Do keep on lookers away from the injured person
10. Do handle the victim to a minimum10. Do handle the victim to a minimum
11. Do loosen tight clothing11. Do loosen tight clothing
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DONTS
1.1. Do not let the victim see his/her injuriesDo not let the victim see his/her injuries
2.2. Do not leave the victim alone except toDo not leave the victim alone except to
get helpget help
3.3. Do not assume that the victims obviousDo not assume that the victims obvious
injuries are the only oneinjuries are the only one
4.4. Do not make any unrealistic promisesDo not make any unrealistic promises
5.5. Do not trust the judgment of a confusedDo not trust the judgment of a confused
personperson
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BODY SUBSTANCE ISOLATION (BSI)BODY SUBSTANCE ISOLATION (BSI)AreAre precautionsprecautions takentaken toto isolateisolate oror preventprevent riskrisk
ofof exposureexposure fromfrom anyany otherother typetype ofof bodilybodily substancesubstance
usingusing personalpersonal protectiveprotective equipmentequipment (PPE)(PPE)..
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1. Personal Hygiene1. Personal Hygiene 2. Protective Equipment2. Protective Equipment 3. Equipment Cleaning3. Equipment Cleaning
& Disinfecting& Disinfecting
Basic Precautions and PracticesBasic Precautions and Practices
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Were we able to:Were we able to:
1. Explain the procedure of getting started during1. Explain the procedure of getting started duringemergency.emergency.
2. Describe the five emergency action principles .2. Describe the five emergency action principles .3. Enumerate golden rules in giving emergency care.3. Enumerate golden rules in giving emergency care.4. Demonstrate how to do initial assessment of the4. Demonstrate how to do initial assessment of the
victim.victim.
5. Discuss the basic precautions in disease prevention.5. Discuss the basic precautions in disease prevention.