1

Presentation to the Portfolio Committee16 November 2010

2008/09 R&D survey

• Measurement of inputs into R&D and innovation process

• Follows the guidelines of the OECD Frascati Manual as closely as possible

• Coverage of five sectors – – Business, Higher Education, Science Councils, Government and

Not-for-Profit

• Produces statistics on R&D intensity, one of the commonly used indicators for competitiveness internationally

Overview

Table 1: Key IndicatorsINDICATOR VALUE

  2007/08 2008/09Gross domestic expenditure on R&D - GERD (Rand Millions) 18 624.0 21 041.0

Gross domestic product (GDP) at market prices (Rand Millions) 1 999 086 2 283 822

GERD as a percentage of GDP 0.93 0.92

Total R&D personnel (FTE) a 31 352 30 802

Total researchers (FTE) b 19 320 19 384

Total researchers per 1000 total employment (FTE)c 1.5 1.4

Total R&D personnel per 1000 total employment (FTE) 2.4 2.2

Civil GERD as a percentage of GDP 0.87 0.87

Total researchers (headcount) 40 084 39 955

Women researchers as a percentage of total researchers 40.3 39.7

Figure 1:

Gross Expenditure on R&D (GERD)(South Africa, 1991-2008)

21041.0

11754.7

02000400060008000

10000120001400016000180002000022000

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Rand

Mill

ions

Nominal Rands (millions) Constant 2000 Rands (millions)

Figure 2:

Gross Expenditure on R&D as a percentage of GDP

(South Africa, 1991-2008)

0.84

0.61 0.6

0.73

0.810.87

0.92 0.920.930.95

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.80

0.90

1.00

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Perc

enta

ge o

f GDP

Figure 3: Gross Expenditure on R&D as a percentage of GDP 2008*

*or latest year available

3.75

3.49 3.443.21

2.77

2.282.06 2.02

1.77

1.44 1.35

1.03

0.51

0.92

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

Perc

enta

ge o

f GDP

Table 2: GERD of selected countries in billion current PPP$ 2006-2008

  2006 2007 2008

Sweden 11.7 12.1 12.9

Finland 5.9 6.4 6.6

Japan 138.9 147.8 ..

Korea (G) 35.9 41.7 ..

United States (J) 347.7 373.1 398.1

Total OECD* (B) 829.2 889.9 ..

Australia 15.3 .. ..

France (p) 41.2 42.5 42.8

Total EU-27 (B) 247.0 263.6 ..

China 86.7 102.3 ..

Spain 15.6 18.0 19.5

Russian Federation 20.2 23.5 23.4

South Africa 4.1 4.3 4.6..

India** 22.0 24.8 ..

Argentina 2.3 2.7 ..

Figure 4:

Number of Full Time Equivalent (FTE) researchers per 1000 total employment in 2008*

* or latest year available

11.0 10.610.0 9.5

8.5 8.4

6.4 6.4

2.9

1.41.9

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

Num

bero

f Res

earc

hers

per

100

0 to

tal

empl

oym

ent

Figure 5:Women researchers as a percentage of total researchers

(headcount) 2008**or latest year available

51.5

41.837.0 33.4 32.1 28.5 27.4

14.9 13.0

39.7

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

Perc

enta

ge o

f tot

al re

sear

cher

s

Figure 6:

Numbers of female and male researchers (headcounts) per sector (South Africa 2008/09)

46.6

42.5

41.4

29.5

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

Higher Education Business Government Not-for-profit

Female

Male

Data labels indic ate the perc entage of female res earc hers

Figure 7:

Performance of R&D by Sector(South Africa, 2007 & 2008)

57.7 58.6

19.4 19.9

21.7 20.41.2 1.1

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2007 2008

Not-for profit

Government

Higher Education

Business

In-house R&D expenditure by sector

Sector 2007/08 2008/09

Business enterprises 10 736 456 57.7% 12 332 012 58.6%

Government 1 154 399 6.2% 1 139 676 5.4%

Science councils 2 886 094 15.5% 3 137 343 14.9%

Higher education 3 621 862 19.4% 4 191 366 19.9%

NPO 223 202 1.2% 240 649 1.1%

18 624 013 100 21 041 046 100

Foreign R2 394

Other* R175

Government**R9 498

BusinessR8 973

Higher Education

R4 191

Government**R4 277

BusinessR12 332

NPOR241

R445 R1 396R410R143

R3 227R33 R3 671R2567

R27R454 R153 R8 339R38 R100 R7

R29

* Other includes contribution form Higher Education, Not for-profit Organizations and individual donations

** Government includes Science Councils

Sou r

cePe

r fo r

me r

Figure 8: Major flows of funding for R&D, 2008/09 (R millions)

Figure 9:Expenditure on R&D by major research field

(South Africa, 2007 & 2008)

22.520.4

14.0 13.912.4

9.86.8

24.4

20.6

14.813.1 12.5

9.1

5.5

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

Engi

neer

ing

Scie

nces

Nat

ural

Scie

nces

Med

ical

and

Hea

lthSc

ienc

es

Info

rmat

ion,

Com

pute

r and

Com

mun

icat

ion

Tech

nolo

gies

Soci

alSc

ienc

es a

ndH

uman

ities

Appl

ied

Scie

nces

and

Tech

nlog

ies

Agric

ultu

ral

Scie

nces

Perc

enta

ge o

f GER

D

20072008

Figure 10:

Gross Expenditure on R&D by Type of Research(South Africa, 2007 & 2008)

45.2 46.5

34.2 33.3

20.6 20.2

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2007 2008

Perc

enta

ge o

f GER

D Basic Research

Applied Research

ExperimentalDevelopment

Figure 11:Basic Research as a percentage of GDP 2008*

*or latest year available

0.51 0.50 0.48 0.450.40

0.270.21 0.19 0.19

0.15

0.05

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60