HALAL DAN HARAM DALAM ISLAM (Alhalalu walharamu fil islam)

PUSAT PENELITIAN PRODUK HALALUNIVERSITAS GADJAH MADA2015

Prof. Abdul Rohman, PhD., M.Si., Apt

MATERI KULIAH Pendahuluan Hukum Syariat dalam Islam Maqhosidus Syariah (Tujuan syariat) Prinsip-prinsip Islam tentang Halal dan Haram Makanan Halal dan Haram Pengobatan dengan bahan Haram

BACAAN Terkait

HUKUM ISLAM Hukum Islam terdiri atas 5 aturan hukum

Wajib (obligatory) Haram (prohibited) Makruh (reprehensible) Sunnah (recommended) Mubah (permissible)

Hukum-hukum ini tentunya mengatur kehidupan Muslim untuk mencapai tujuan syariah (maqhosidus syari’ah)

Maqosidus syari’ah

Melindungi agama (protection of Religion)

Melindungi Jiwa (protection of life) Melindungi akal (protection of mind) Melindungi kehormatan (protection

of lineage) Melindungi harta benda (protection

of property)

DEFINITION OF HALAL

Halal literally means permissible things or actions and not prohibited by the Shariah law

Dr Yusuf al-Qaradawi defines halal as anything which is free from any prohibition and which the Shariah law permits

Halal when used in relation to pharmaceuticals, food and drink means ‘permissible for use and consumption by the Muslims’

Religion: An obligation for Muslim to only consume halal and toyyib products

Business Perspective: A lucrative market. A good opportunity for everyone to produce and trade halal products, as a good business chance.

Science & Techn: • A vast opportunity to perform researches.• Methods for material authentication• Synthesize substitute materials that are halal to replace non-halal materials.

PERSPECTIVES of HALAL PRODUCTS

KONSEP HALAL

HALALAN TOYYIBAN

FROM FARM TO TABLE

Komponennya

Proses produksi

DASAR HUKUM HALAL-HARAM Al quran Hadits Ijma’ Qiyas

O ye people! Eat of what is on earth, lawful and wholesome; and do not follow the footsteps of the Evil

One, for he is to you an avowed enemy.

Al-Baqarah: 168

Dasar Hukum: The Qur’an

PRINSIP-PRINSIP ISLAM TENTANG HALAL-HARAM

Al ashlu fil asyyai alibahah (Asal segala sesuatu adalah mubah)

Attahlilu wattahrimu haqqullohu wahdah (menghalalkan dan mengharamkan adalah hak Alloh semata)

Tahrimul halali wattahlilul alharami yatba’u alkubutsa waddorora (mengharamkan yang halal dan menghalalkan yang haram akan menimbulkan keburukan dan bahaya

Fil halali ma yughni anilharami (Pada yang halal terdapat sesuatu yang menghindarkan dari yang haram)

Ma adda ilal harami fahuwa haromun (Apa saja yang membawa kepada keharaman adalah haram)

PRINSIP-PRINSIP ISLAM TENTANG HALAL-HARAM....

Attahayulu alal haromi haromun (Bersiasat dengan yang haram adalah haram)

Anniyatul alhasanah la tubarriru alharoma (Niyat yang baik tidak membenarkan yang harom)

Ittiqous syubuhati khosyatal wuqu’i fil haromi (Menjauhkan diri dari syubhat karena takut terjatuh dalam harom)

La muhabata wala tafriqota fil muharromati (Tidak ada pilih kasih dan pilihan-pilihan dalam yang haram)

Addorurotu tubihul mahdzuroti (Keadaan terpaksa memperbolehkan yang haram)

In the selection of Food, drink, pharmaceutics, cosmetics and others, Islam has laid down 3 very important guidelines: Whether the consumption of the products is halal

(permitted by Shariah law) or haram (prohibited) Whether or not the materials are good and safe

to be consume (toyyib aspect) Whether the products are obtained through halal

or haram (like finance)

Guide for Selection of Halal Products

What is Halal Food?

Komponen-komponen non Halal

17

Bangkai, Darah yang mengalir atau yang telah membeku, Turunan babi (pig derivatives) Hewan yang disembelih yang tidak menyebut

nama Alloh. hewan yang disembelih sedemikian rupa

sehingga mencegah darahnya mengalir keluar secara sempurna dari tubuhnya,

Semua jenis yang memabukkan (seperti alkohol dan narkotika,

Hewan karnivora (pemakan daging) seperti singa dan harimau,

Burung dengan taring yang ganas seperti burung hantu dan burung rajawali,

Sumber: The Halal Journal, 40: July-Sept 2011

AUTENTIKASI PRODUK HALAL

Halal concept is simple, however, the industry is becoming more complex and sometimes confusing

Due to the breathtaking technological development today, and the diversification of sources acquired globally for consumer products processing and production, numerous number of processed products are available in the market

It is very interesting and challenging for Muslim to ensure the halal status of products in the market

Global Challenges to HalalAnalysis

More stringent monitoring system is needed by Halal Authorities

Analytical techniques become a major challenge for authentication of halal products

Reliable state-of-the-art scientific methods are required for analysis of non-halal components (e.g porcine origin) in halal products

Competent scientists and scientific methods are needed

Continued…. Analysis should be able to reliably identify

origin of food components Sensitive and robust enough to be applied to

complex food/products matrices Analysis based on certain identified

biomarkers - oil/fat-based - protein-based - DNA-based - metabolites-based

Metode Autentikasi Produk Halal FTIR spectroscopy Chromatographic-based methods Differential scanning calorimetry Electronic nose ELISA Polymerase chain reaction

ANALYSIS LARD and PORK (DNA,PROTEIN)

FTIRHPLCGC

LARD

ELISAImmuno-

Chromato-graphy

PROTEIN

PCRRT-PC

DNA

FTIR Spectroscopy

Liquid Chromatography

Chromatography

TERIMA KASIH