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Overview

• Benefits of a Good Construction Schedule

• Baseline Schedule Development

• Schedule Updating and Maintenance

• Managing Project Changes

• USACE – Specific Schedule Requirements

• Conclusion

Construction Schedule Best Practices

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® Requires thinking the project through prior to starting the work

Provides a structured approach to executing the project

Provides a means of communicating Scope and planned work sequence to stakeholders

Identification of problems before they arise

Identification of long-lead procurement/fabrication items

Assessment of resource requirements

Forecasting of cash flow requirements

Serves as primary documentation for modeling delay impacts

Benefits of a Construction Schedule

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Key Considerations

• Scheduling Software

• Project WBS (Work Breakdown Structure)

• Contract Milestones

• Submittal Requirements

• Activity Coding Requirements

• Project Stakeholders

• Cost & Resources Loading Requirements

• Updating & Reporting Requirements

• Testing & Startup Requirements

• Project Closeout Requirements

Baseline Schedule Development

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• Interior Finishes

• Interior MEP Finishes

• Testing & Turnover

• Project Close-out

Baseline Schedule Development (Cont.)

Key Elements

• Milestones

• Design Phase

• Pre-Construction Submittals/Review

• Construction Submittals/Review

• Procurement Activities

• Fabrication & Delivery Activities

• Site Work & Utilities

• Foundations & Structural

• Exterior Finishes

• Interior MEP Rough-ins

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Baseline Schedule Development (Cont.)

Key Configuration/Control

• CPM with “Retained Logic”

• No open ended activities (Pred/Succ)

• Activity Durations <20 days

• Activity Calendars (Work Days vs. Calendar Days, Weather Days)

• Total Float based on “Longest Path”

• Limited use of Constraints

• Supports contract required completion date

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® Key Considerations

• Contract Requirements

• Backup to Pay Requests

• Submittal Updates

• Procurement Updates

• Subcontractor Updates

• Impacts / Delays

• Contract Changes

• Reporting Requirements

Schedule Updating / Maintenance

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® Key Elements

• Schedule Update “Data Date”

• Update to reflect actual period progress / status

» Actual Start Dates

» Actual Finish Dates

» % Complete (Physical)

» Remaining Duration

• Activity Relationship Changes

• Activities Added / Deleted

• Update Narrative Report

Schedule Updating / Maintenance

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® Key Configuration/Control

• Schedule “Data Date”

• Correct “Out of Sequence” Progress

• No open ended activities (Pred/Succ)

• Total Float based on “Longest Path”

• Incorporates all known Impacts and Delays

• Incorporates Contract Changes

• Updated/Revised Critical Path

• Includes Update Narrative Report

Schedule Updating / Maintenance

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Key Elements• Add Changes to the schedule as they

occur.

• Change activities need to be tied to activities that are or will be impacted.

• Changes and projected impacts need to be discussed in the Update Narrative report.

• Change Notification needs to be made early and in accordance with Contract requirements.

• Impact analysis should be performed as early as possible.

Managing Project Changes

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USACE Requirements

USACE – Project Schedule Requirements

Unified Facility Guide Specification

• UFGS – 01 32 01.00 10, Project Schedule

Contract Specification Section

• 01 32 01.00 ??, Project Schedule

USACE Regulation

• ER 1-1-11, Progress, Schedules, and Network Analysis Systems

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USACE Requirements

3.1 - General Requirements

Contractors proposed sequencing of the project work scope.

Forward planning and project monitoring tool.

Includes dates on which the Contractor contemplates starting and completing all scheduled activities.

Represents entire project including design, procurement, construction, and turnover.

Includes participation by contractor management, designers, subcontractors, suppliers.

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USACE Requirements

3.1 - General Requirements (continued)

3.1.1 - Approved Project Schedule

• Must be Cost Loaded

• Must have all required activity coding

• Used to measure work progress

• Forms basis for progress payments

• Aids in evaluating time impacts and extensions

• Approval of Progress Payments may be withheld without schedule submission

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USACE Requirements

3.2 - Basis for Payment and Cost Loading

Activity cost loading shall be reasonable

Activity cost loading must balance with contract CLIN values

Basis for determining period contract earnings/progress payments

Lack of approved schedule will impact processing of progress payments

Retainage may be withheld if changes/revisions have not been incorporated into the updated schedule

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USACE Requirements

3.3 - Project Schedule Detail Requirements 3.3.1 - Critical Path Method

3.3.2 - Level of Detail Required

3.3.3 - Scheduled Project Completion and Activity Calendars

3.3.4 - Interim Completion Dates

3.3.5 - Default Progress Data – Not Allowed

3.3.6 - Out-of-Sequence Progress – Not Allowed

3.3.7 - Negative Lags and Start to Finish Relationships – Not Allowed

3.3.8 - Calculation Mode – Retained Logic

3.3.9 - Milestones

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USACE Requirements

3.4 - Project Schedule Submissions 3.4.1 - Preliminary Project Schedule Submission

» Submit within 15 calendar days of NTP» Used for basis of Progress Payments during first 90 days after NTP

3.4.2 - Initial Project Schedule Submission » Submit within 42 calendar days of NTP» Used for basis of all remaining Progress Payments» Once approved, becomes the Baseline Schedule

3.4.3 – Design Package Schedule Submission» Extracted from the then current Preliminary, Initial, or Updated schedule

3.4.4 - Periodic Schedule Updates» Required to support estimate upon which progress payments may be made

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Project Schedule

3.4 - Project Schedule Submissions (continued) 3.4.5 - Standard Activity Coding Dictionary

• SDEF (ER 1-1-11, Appendix A)

• Exact structure is mandatory

Activity

Field Code Length Description

1 WRKP 3 Workers per day

2 RESP 4 Responsible Patry (e.g. GC, Subcontractor, USACE)

3 AREA 4 Area of Work

4 MODF 6 Modification or REA number

5 BIDI 6 Bid Item (CLIN)

6 PHAS 2 Phase of Work

7 CATW 1 Category of Work

8 FOW1 10 Feature of Work (used up to 10 charactures in length)

9 FOW2 10 Feature of Work (used up to 20 charactures in length)

10 FOW3 10 Feature of Work (used up to 30 charactures in length)

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USACE Requirements

3.5 - Submission Requirements 3.5.1 - Data CD’s

3.5.2 - Narrative Report Description of activities on Critical Path Description of current/anticipated problem areas Description of delay factors and their impacts Explanation of corrective actions taken Communicate Contractors analysis of the schedule and its plans to compensate for any

problems

3.5.3 - Approved Change Verification

3.5.4 - Schedule Report

3.5.5 - Network Diagram

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USACE Requirements

3.6 - Periodic Schedule Update Meeting 3.6.1 - Update Submission following Progress Meeting

3.6.2 - Status of Activities

3.7 – Request For Time Extensions

3.7.1 - Justification of Delay

3.7.2 - Submission Requirements

3.7.3 - Additional Submission Requirements

Start and Finish Dates Remaining Durations Activity Percent Complete

Logic Change Other Change

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Project Schedule

3.8 - Directed Changes

3.9 - Weekly Progress Meetings

3.10 - Ownership of Float

3.11 - Transfer of Schedule Data into RMS/QCS

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The schedule communicates the Scope and Work Plan of the project

It all starts with the project Baseline schedule

Periodic (monthly) updating is a must

Minimum configuration control must be followed to retain validity of the schedule

The schedule documents what actually happened through-out the life cycle of the project

The schedule is the primary tool used for documenting and modeling time related impacts/delays

Conclusion