1. Offshore Drilling Introduction
-
Upload
naefmubarak -
Category
Documents
-
view
54 -
download
5
description
Transcript of 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction
![Page 1: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
1
Drilling Rigs
Drilling Systems
Drilling Rigs
![Page 2: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2
Drilling Team Drilling Rigs Rig Power System Hoisting System Circulating System . . .
Rotary Drilling
![Page 3: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
3
The Rotary System The Well Control System Well-Monitoring System Special Marine Equipment Drilling Cost Analysis Examples
Rotary Drilling - cont’d
![Page 4: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4
Noble Drilling’s
Cecil Forbes
A Jack-Up Rig
![Page 5: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5
Sonat’s George
Washington
A Semi-Submersible
Rig
![Page 6: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6
Zapata’s Trader
A Drillship
![Page 7: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7
![Page 8: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8TENSION LEG PLATFORM
![Page 9: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9
Shell’s Bullwinkle
World’s tallest offshore structure
1,353’ water depth
Production began in 1989
45,000 b/d80MM scf/d
![Page 10: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
10
Fig. 1.5
Classification of rotary drilling rigs
![Page 11: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
11
Drilling OperationsField Engineers, Drilling Foremen
A. Well planning prior to SPUDB. Monitor drilling operationsC. After drilling, review drilling results and
recommend future improvements- prepare report.
D. General duties.
What are the well requirements? Objectives, safety, cost
![Page 12: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12
Criteria for determining depth limitation
Derrick Drawworks Mud Pumps Drillstring Mud System Blowout Preventer Power Plant
![Page 13: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13
A Rotary Rig Hoisting System
![Page 14: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
14
Projection of Drilling Lines on Rig Floor
TOTAL
E = efficiency = Ph/Pi = W/(n Ff ) or Ff = W/(nE)… (1.7)
![Page 15: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
15
Load on Derrick(considering friction in sheaves)
Derrick Load = Hook Load + Fast Line Load + Dead Line Load
Fd = W + Ff + Fs
F WWEn
Wn
E EnEn
Wd
=
1
E = overall efficiency: E = en
e.g., if individual sheave efficiency = 0.98 and n = 8, then E = 0.851
![Page 16: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16
Example 1.2A rig must hoist a load of 300,000 lbf. The drawworks can provide an input power to the block and tackle system as high as 500 hp. Eight lines are strung between the crown block and traveling block. Calculate1. The static tension in the fast line when upward motion is impending,2. the maximum hook horsepower available,
![Page 17: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17
Example 1.2, cont.
3. the maximum hoisting speed,4. the actual derrick load,5. the maximum equivalent derrick load, and,6. the derrick efficiency factor.
Assume that the rig floor is arranged as shown in Fig. 1.17.
![Page 18: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
18
Solution1. The power efficiency for n = 8 is given as 0.841 in Table 1.2. The tension in the fast line is given by Eq. 1.7.
lbnE
WF 590,448*841.0
000,300
( alternatively, E = 0.988 = 0.851 )
![Page 19: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
19
Solution
2. The maximum hook horsepower available is
Ph = Epi = 0.841(500) = 420.5 hp.
![Page 20: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
20
Solution3. The maximum hoisting speed is given by
v
PWbh
hp
ft - lbf / minhp
300,000 lbf = 46.3 ft / min
420 533 000
.,
![Page 21: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
21
Solution to 3., cont.
To pull a 90-ft stand would require
t 90
1 9 ft
46.3 ft / min . min.
![Page 22: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
22
Solution 4. The actual derrick load is given by
Eq.1.8b:
FE EnEn
Wd
1
=1+0.841 +0.841(8)
0.841(8)(300,000)
= 382,090 lbf.
![Page 23: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
23
Solution 5. The maximum equivalent load is given
by Eq.1.9:
lbfF
WnnF
de
de
000,450
000,300*8
484
![Page 24: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
24
Solution
6. The derrick efficiency factor is:
000,450090,382
FFE
de
dd
84.9% or 849.0E d
![Page 25: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
25
Drillship - moored
![Page 26: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
26
![Page 27: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
27
HeaveSurgeSway
RollPitchYaw
![Page 28: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
28
Motions restricted to the horizontal planeSURGE: Translation fore and aft (X-axis)SWAY: Translation port and starboard (Y-axis)YAW: Rotation about the Z-axis (rotation about
the moonpool)
Motions that operate in vertical planesHEAVE: Translation up and down (Z-axis)ROLL: Rotation about the X-axisPITCH: Rotation about the Y-axis
Vessel Motions
![Page 29: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
29
![Page 30: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
30
Wave Direction
Beam Waves
Quartering Waves
Head Waves
![Page 31: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
31
![Page 32: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
32
![Page 33: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
33
Significant Wave Height, ft
Roll vs. Significant Wave Height
![Page 34: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
34
Significant wave height is the average height of the 1/3 highest waves in a sample.
EXAMPLE The significant wave height in the following sample is 24 ft.
7, 21, 19, 11, 18, 26, 13, 17, 25
[ Sign. WH = (21 + 26 + 25) / 3 = 24 ft ]
Avg. WH = (7, 21, 19, 11, 18, 26, 13, 17, 25) / 3 = 17.4 ft
What is Significant Wave Height?
![Page 35: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
35
Significant Wave Height, ft
Heave vs. Significant Wave Height
![Page 36: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
36
Heave vs. Wave Approach Angle
BOW BEAM
![Page 37: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
37
Roll & Pitch vs. Wave Approach Angle
BOW BEAM
![Page 38: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
38
Typical Vessel Motion Limits - Criteria
Operation Wave Height Heave ft ft
Drilling Ahead 30 10Running and Setting Casing 22 6Landing BOP and Riser 15 3Transferring Equipment 15 -
![Page 39: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
39
![Page 40: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
40
SHIPSEMI
10% vs. 1.5 %
![Page 41: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
41
![Page 42: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
42
![Page 43: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
43
What is “lt” ?
![Page 44: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
44
Some Definitions
Freeboard
Draft
Width
![Page 45: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
45
![Page 46: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
46
G = center of gravity. B = center of buoyancy
G is above B!
![Page 47: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
47
NOTE: B has moved!
GZ = righting
arm
![Page 48: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
48
![Page 49: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
49
Dynamic Stability - for certification
![Page 50: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
50
Dynamic Stability
For adequate stability, the area under the righting moment curve to the second intercept or to the down-flooding angle, whichever is less, must be a given amount in excess of the area under the wind heeling moment curve to the same limiting angle. The excess of this area must be at least 40% for shiplike vessels and 30% for column-stabilized units (see Fig. above).
![Page 51: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
51
Free Surface Effects
CG moves!
![Page 52: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
52
Tall, narrow tank is more stable ...
![Page 53: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
53
Effect of Fluid Level in Tank
![Page 54: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
54
Mom
ent A
rm (o
nly)
![Page 55: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
55
Effect of Partitions in Tank
![Page 56: 1. Offshore Drilling Introduction](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081800/5695d5671a28ab9b02a53afd/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
56
The Vessel - Classification
Three classification societies are particularly important to offshore drilling. These societies are: