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OCULAR ADNEXAOCULAR ADNEXA

OCULAR OCULAR ANNEXASANNEXAS CONJUNCTIVACONJUNCTIVA EYELIDEYELID LACRIMAL SISTEMLACRIMAL SISTEM ORBITORBIT

22

33

THE EYELIDSTHE EYELIDS

1.1. Congenital abnormalities of eyelidsCongenital abnormalities of eyelids

2.2. Abnormalities of eyelids shape and positionAbnormalities of eyelids shape and position

3.3. Inflamation of eyelidsInflamation of eyelids

4.4. Tumors of eyelidsTumors of eyelids

44

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44BlepharoptosisBlepharoptosis – dropping of the upper lid – dropping of the upper lid

66Epicanthus Epicanthus – a vertical skin fold occurring – a vertical skin fold occurring in the medial canthus that conceals the medial in the medial canthus that conceals the medial angle and the caruncle.angle and the caruncle.

55

66

Abnormalities of shape and Abnormalities of shape and positionposition

1.1. EntropionEntropion

2.2. EctropionEctropion

3.3. BlepharoptosisBlepharoptosis

EntropionEntropion

eyelid margin is turned inward so that the eyelid margin is turned inward so that the lashes irritate the eye which causes corneal lashes irritate the eye which causes corneal epithelial defects, conjunctival injection and epithelial defects, conjunctival injection and tearing, sometimes leading to secondary tearing, sometimes leading to secondary infection of the cornea or conjunctivainfection of the cornea or conjunctiva

77

EctropionEctropion

eyelid margin is turned away eyelid margin is turned away from the eye so that the from the eye so that the conjunctiva is exposedconjunctiva is exposed atonicatonic cicatricial cicatricial spasticspastic allergicallergic

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BlepharoptosisBlepharoptosis

condition in which the upper eyelid drops and the condition in which the upper eyelid drops and the palpebral fissure is narrowedpalpebral fissure is narrowed

Surgical correction of blepharoptosis:Surgical correction of blepharoptosis: resection of the conjunctiva, tarsus, Muller muscle resection of the conjunctiva, tarsus, Muller muscle

corrects up to 3 mm of blepharoptosis;corrects up to 3 mm of blepharoptosis; resection of levator palpebrae muscle is recommended in resection of levator palpebrae muscle is recommended in

moderate blepharoptosis;moderate blepharoptosis; when the levator palpebrae muscle function is absent the when the levator palpebrae muscle function is absent the

upper eyelid is suspended to the frontalis muscle by upper eyelid is suspended to the frontalis muscle by means of fascia lata or synthetic material.means of fascia lata or synthetic material.

1010

Inflamation of eyelidsInflamation of eyelids

1.1. BlepharitisBlepharitis

2.2. MeibomitisMeibomitis

3.3. HordeolumHordeolum

4.4. ChalasionChalasion

5.5. DermatitisDermatitis

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BlepharitisBlepharitis

cronic inflamation of the ecronic inflamation of the eyelid marginyelid margin Treatment: Treatment:

lid hygienelid hygiene warm compresseswarm compresses antibioticsantibiotics corticosteroidscorticosteroids

MeibomitisMeibomitis

passive retention of passive retention of secretion by meibomian secretion by meibomian glandsglands

Treatment: eyelid Treatment: eyelid margin massage with margin massage with moist washclothmoist washcloth

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1313

HordeolumHordeolum

acute supurative inflammation of the follicle of acute supurative inflammation of the follicle of an eyelash or the associated gland of Zeiss an eyelash or the associated gland of Zeiss (sebaceous) or Mall (sweat)(sebaceous) or Mall (sweat)

Chalasion Chalasion chronic inflammatory lipogranuloma of a chronic inflammatory lipogranuloma of a

meibomian glandmeibomian gland

Clinical Clinical gradual painless swelling of the glandgradual painless swelling of the gland increase of size chalasion may cause pressure on the increase of size chalasion may cause pressure on the

globe and astigmatismglobe and astigmatism sometimes it may become secondary infected.sometimes it may become secondary infected.

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1515

DermatitisDermatitis large variety of microbial large variety of microbial

organisms can infect the skin organisms can infect the skin of eyelid of eyelid ImpetigoImpetigo ErysipelasErysipelas AnthraxAnthrax malignant pustulemalignant pustule tuberculosis,leprosy,tuberculosis,leprosy, herpes zoster, herpes zoster, veruca vulgaris, veruca vulgaris, molluscum contagiosummolluscum contagiosum

Tumors of eyelidsTumors of eyelids Benign tumorsBenign tumors

1.1. papillomapapilloma

2.2. cutaneous horncutaneous horn

3.3. seborrehoeic keratosisseborrehoeic keratosis

4.4. keratoachantomakeratoachantoma

5.5. hemangiomahemangioma

6.6. melanotic nevimelanotic nevi

Malign tumorsMalign tumors1.1. basal cell carcinomabasal cell carcinoma

2.2. squamous cell carcinomasquamous cell carcinoma

3.3. melanoma melanoma

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LECTURER DR. RUSU VALERIULECTURER DR. RUSU VALERIU 1717

papillomapapilloma

irregular, frond-like projection of the skin with irregular, frond-like projection of the skin with a central vascular pediclea central vascular pedicle

Treatment: is usually esthetic and only Treatment: is usually esthetic and only sometimes symptomatic and consists in sometimes symptomatic and consists in excision of the tumorexcision of the tumor

LECTURER DR. RUSU VALERIULECTURER DR. RUSU VALERIU 1818

cutaneous horncutaneous horn firm projecting keratinized massfirm projecting keratinized mass

1919

seborrehoeic keratosisseborrehoeic keratosis

extremely common in the elderly and appears extremely common in the elderly and appears as a slow-growing, discrete, greasy, brown, as a slow-growing, discrete, greasy, brown, round or oval lesion with friable verrucose round or oval lesion with friable verrucose surfacesurface

2020

keratoachantomakeratoachantoma

Typically starts as an erithematous papuleTypically starts as an erithematous papule grows and raises in a pinkish, indurate nodule grows and raises in a pinkish, indurate nodule keratin-filled crater keratin-filled crater undergoes spontaneous regressionundergoes spontaneous regression

2121

hemangiomahemangioma

TreatmentTreatment local injection with corticoidslocal injection with corticoids arterial ligature of the main sources arterial ligature of the main sources excisionexcision

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basal cell basal cell carcinomacarcinoma

most common malignant tumor of the eyelidmost common malignant tumor of the eyelid from the lower eyelid or medial canthusfrom the lower eyelid or medial canthus slow growingslow growing locally invasivelocally invasive very late metastasizevery late metastasize

2323

squamous cell carcinomasquamous cell carcinoma

the grown rate and the metastasize are fasterthe grown rate and the metastasize are faster

2424

Sebaceous Cell CarcinomaSebaceous Cell Carcinoma

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