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1 How to Write Goals and Objectives

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Page 1: 1 How to Write Goals and Objectives. 2 Overview Definitions of Goals and Objectives Purpose of Measurable Objectives Relationship Between Measurable Objectives.

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How to Write Goals and Objectives

Page 2: 1 How to Write Goals and Objectives. 2 Overview Definitions of Goals and Objectives Purpose of Measurable Objectives Relationship Between Measurable Objectives.

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Overview

Definitions of Goals and Objectives

Purpose of Measurable Objectives

Relationship Between Measurable Objectives and the Strategic Plan

Elements of a Measurable Objective

Methodology for Writing Measurable

Objectives

Tips for Writing Measurable Objectives

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Overview (continued)

Writing the Objectives

Strategic Plan

Purpose of an Evaluation Plan

Types of Evaluations

Writing the Evaluation Section

Question and Answer Period

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Definitions of Goals and Objectives

GOALS: Are broad statements that indicate what you hope to accomplish in school health.

Create the setting for what you are proposing.

Focuses on how a situation will be changed as a result of a successful project, not what a project will do.

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Definitions of Goals and Objectives

OBJECTIVES: Provide an organized pathway to meet your higher goals in school health.

Are operational and measurable.

Describe specific things you will be accomplishing.

Include the quantitative or qualitative degree, amount or level of achievement or change.

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Definitions of Goals and Objectives

Qualities of an objective: S.M.A.R.T.Specific. What kind of, or which problem is to be addressed.

Measurable. How much, how many, and how well the problem/need will be resolved.

Action-Oriented. Uses action verbs.

Reasonable. Result you can expect to achieve.

Time-bound. Gives specific data for its own achievement.

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Definitions of Goals and Objectives

Sample GOAL Our child nutrition program will help children learn how to make healthy foodchoices.

and related OBJECTIVE Our child nutrition program will offer two new

vegetable and two new fruit offerings per week to all students during our 6 week Healthy Eating Challenge.

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Definitions of Goals and Objectives

GOALS Global statements of the need or the problem(s) to be solved by your project.

OBJECTIVES What it is your project will accomplish.

MEASURABLE OBJECTIVES Include outcomes that define how the participants in the project will be different as a result.

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Definitions of Goals and Objectives

PROCESS Objectives

OUTCOME Objectives

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Definitions of Goals and Objectives

PROCESS Objectives typically begin with

words like “To develop” and “To establish”

and describe a process rather than an outcome.

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Definitions of Goals and Objectives

An example of a process objective:

To establish a district Coordinated School Health Leadership Team.

Attainment measurement of this objective

is that the objective was met.

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Definitions of Goals and Objectives

OUTCOME Objectives typically begin with

words like “To increase” or “To reduce” and describe a measurable, expected outcome.

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Definitions of Goals and Objectives

An example of an outcome objective:

To increase the average amount of daily moderate to vigorous physical activity of all students in grades k-8 by 20% .

Attainment measurement of this objective

is that all students increased their average

daily physical activity by 20%.

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Purpose of Measurable Objectives

Measurable objectives enable members of

the SHAC and CSH Leadership Team to: Clarify where they are going

Clarify when they will get there

Clarify what they will need to get there

Assess whether or not they got there.

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Relationship Between Objectives and a Proposal

Objectives form the basis for the

activities of a project.

Make evaluation easier to create if

objectives and outcomes are clearly

stated.

Create a strong sense of integration and

consistency.

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Elements of a Measurable Objective

For an objective to be measurable, it must

include: an action verb that identifies an

observable behavior

the conditions under which the desired

result should be performed

the criteria for determining how well and

when the behavior is to be performed.

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Elements of a Measurable Objective

Use language such as: Increase

Improve

Eliminate

Implement

Maintain

Seek

Reduce

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Worksheet for Developing Measurable Objectives

COMPLIMENTARY ACTIONS STATEGIC PLANNING WORKSHEET GOAL: _______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ [Goals are broad statements that indicate what you hope to accomplish, create the setting for what you are proposing and focuses on how a situation will be changed as a result of a successful project, not what the project will do.]

Actions: ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________

________________________________ ________________________________

________________________________

Actions: ____________________ ____________________ ____________________

____

Actions: ____________________ ____________________ ____________________

____

Internal School Health Action Team School Health Advisory Council

[Objectives provide an organized pathway to meet your higher goals. They are operational and measurable. They describe specific things you will be accomplishing and include the quantitative or qualitative degree, amount or level of achievement or change.]

Actions: ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________

________________________________ ________________________________

________________________________

Actions: ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________

________________________________ ________________________________

________________________________

Actions: ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________

________________________________ ________________________________

________________________________

OBJECTIVE:

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

OBJECTIVE:

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Methodology for Writing Measurable Objectives

Measurable objectives are as simple to

write as A-B-C-D-E. A = Audience: Who will be affected (target

group)

B = Behavior: The observable change

(knowledge, attitude, behavior,

process) that will occur in the target

group because of your project.

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Methodology for Writing Measurable Objectives(continued)

C = Conditions: How the behaviors

will be observed or measured, including the

instruments to be used.

D = Data: Levels of attainment that must

be met in order for your project to be

called a success (your definition).

E = Era: Identifies when the effects of

your program will be measured.

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Following the A-B-C-D-E method:

At the end of the three years of implementation (Era), 90% of the students in grades k-8 (Audience) will eat (Behavior) at least 3 servings of milk products per week (Conditions) as measured by increases in annual food service sales (Data).

Methodology for Writing Measurable Objectives(continued)

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Tips for Writing Measurable Objectives

Ask the following questions before and after

writing the objective: What is to be increased or decreased?

How much of an increase or decrease?

How realistic is the increase or decrease?

To what extent are objectives OUTCOME

objectives as opposed to PROCESS

objectives?

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Tips for Writing Measurable Objectives(continued)

To what extent are the anticipated results being measured with measures that are meaningful to you, easy to do, and not too numerous?

To what extent are the objectives related directly to the problem(s) to be solved and to the goal(s) of the proposal?

What impact will they have on the problem(s)?

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Writing the Objectives

Objectives Activities Evaluation

What do you propose to achieve and to

what extent?

What will you do to get there?

How will you know what you did worked?

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Writing the Objectives

Objectives____Activities Measures

To review, select and implement one of the TEA approved coordinated school health programs during the 2006-2007 year.

To review, select and implement one of the TEA approved coordinated school health programs during the 2006-2007 year.

Form a SHAC/CSH Leadership Team work group to review and recommend a specific program to be selected.

Form a SHAC/CSH Leadership Team work group to review and recommend a specific program to be selected.

A specific program will be selected and all teachers trained by January 2007

A specific program will be selected and all teachers trained by January 2007

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Purpose of an Evaluation Plan

Present strategies for collecting data that will provide evidence that the proposed objectives have been met.

Describes exactly how you will decide whether or not your project has been successful and achieved its objectives.

Demonstrates how you will prove you achieved your objective.

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Types of Evaluations

-Formative/Process Evaluation

-Summative/Product Evaluation

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Types of Evaluations (continued)

Formative/Process Evaluation

-Sample Question

How are we doing? Provides for

ongoing monitoring of the project,

focuses on processes and short-term

results.

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Types of Evaluations (continued)

Summative/Product Evaluation

-Sample Question How did we do? Measures the effectiveness of achieving objectives, and focuses on the outcomes and impacts of the project, as well as the processes that affect the outcomes.

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Writing the Evaluation

Use the clearly stated goals and objectives,

to determine the purpose of the evaluation

(what you are attempting to assess) and the

questions that can be asked to determine the

results of the project.

Include the type of information to be collected,

how it will be collected, and how the data will

be analyzed.

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Writing the Evaluation Section (continued)

Questions to ask before and after writing the evaluation section:

Will carrying it out tell you whether you have

achieved your stated objectives?

Will carrying it out tell you whether you were

able to follow your original plan of action; and

if not, why?

Will carrying it out tell you whether you

completed your project on time and within

fiscal constraints?

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Writing the Evaluation Section (continued)

Will carrying it out tell you whether your project has made a difference?

How much closer to your goal are you now than when you began?

Is your plan realistic? Do you have the resources to capture the

data? Does it measure what matters? Is it too ambitious or grandiose for the

project?

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Summary

Goals are global statements of the need or problem being solved stated as if the problem has been solved.

Measurable Objectives are S.M.A.R.T. and can be developed using the A-B-C-D-E methodology.

Evaluation can be formative and/or summative and is often key to a successful programs; informs others how you will determine whether the project was successful.

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Question and Answer Period

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References

Guide for Writing a Funding Proposal http://www.anrecs.msu.edu/dissthes/hints5.htm

Measurable Objectives: If You’re Not Measuring It, You’re Not Managing It http://www.growthassociates.org/Articles/Measurable.html

Leon County Schools Grant Writer’s Guide and Related Resources - Designing a Sound Evaluation http://www.tandl.leon.k.12.fl.us/grants/guide_deveval4.htm

Grant Guide http://www2.njstatelib.org/njlib/grhdeval.htm

The Foundation Center http://www.fdncenter.org


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