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1
Good News & Travel Precautions
Swine Flu
Health Promotion Unit Ahmadi Hospital
Wishing you a healthy life
Health Promotion Unit Ahmadi Hospital
Wishing you a healthy life
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
2
Swine Flu in Pigs
What is swine Influenza?
• Swine influenza, or “swine flu”, is a highly contagious acute
respiratory disease of pigs, caused by one of several swine
influenza A viruses. It cause rregular outbreaks in pigs and
can cause high levels of illness and low death rates in pigs.
Swine influenza viruses may circulate among swine
throughout the year.
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
3
How common is swine flu among pigs ?
• Swine flu viruses are endemic among
pig populations in many countries
(specially from H1N1 and H3N2 ).
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
4
Can pigs infected by human or avian flu?
• Yes, pigs can be infected by avian
influenza and human influenza viruses
as well as swine influenza viruses.
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
5
Is this mix of virus infection dangerous?
• Yes , and this is reason that we are afraid of mixed
infection inside the pigs leading to viruses reassort
(swap genes) and new viruses mixed of swine,
human and/or avian influenza viruses can emerge
leading to big human problem.
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
6
What is the most common Current Virus?
• A(H1N1) viruses , which is considered the
classical swine flu virus ,and was first
isolated from a pig in 1930.and it is the
current one
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
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Swine Flu in Humans
Is the current H1N1 swine flu virus the
same as human H1N1 viruses?
• No. The H1N1 swine flu viruses are
antigenically very different from
human H1N1 viruses and, therefore,
vaccines for human seasonal flu
would not provide protection from
H1N1 swine flu viruses.
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
8
What are the most important affected countries with human infection?
• Mexico, USA , Canada, Spain,
• The map is widened everyday .
• Before travel you can updated by WHO
website
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
9
Is there is Swine Flu in Kuwait?
• No. There are no cases till now.
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
10
Can human catch swine flu?
• People do not normally get swine
flu, however sporadic human
infections with swine flu have
occurred. Swine flu viruses have
been reported to spread from
person-to-person, but in the past,
this transmission was limited and
not sustained beyond three people.
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
11
How common is swine flu infection in humans?
• Very rare , e.g. in USA and from December 2005 through
February 2009, 12 cases of human infection with swine
influenza have been reported. But recently and As of 26
April United Sates and Mexico confirmed nearly 40 cases
of Swine flu affecting human, beside many extra
suspected cases.
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
12
Is this swine flu virus contagious ?
• Yes , this swine influenza A
(H1N1) virus is contagious
and is spreading from
human to human. However,
at this time, it not known
how easily the virus
spreads between people.
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
13
What are the implications for human health ?
• Outbreaks and sporadic human
infection with swine influenza have
been occasionally reported.
Generally swine flu symptoms are
similar to seasonal influenza and
ranges broadly from asymptomatic
or mild infection and may be sever
or even fatal in rare cases.
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
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How does swine flu spread ?
• Generally Flu viruses can be directly transmitted
from pigs to people and from people to pigs.
• Human infection with Swine flu viruses from pigs
are most likely to occur when people are in
close proximity to infected pigs, such as in pig
barns and livestock exhibits housing pigs at fairs.
• Human to human is reported in isolated cases.
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
15
How do people become infected ?
• People usually get swine influenza from infected pigs, however,
some human cases lack contact history with pigs. Human to
human transmission has occurred in some instances but was
limited to close contacts and closed groups of people.
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
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How does Swine Flu transmitted from human to human ?
• Most probably in the same way as
seasonal flu occurs in people
• which is mainly person-to-person
transmission through coughing or
sneezing of people infected with the
influenza virus.
• People may become infected by touching
something with flu viruses on it and then
touching their mouth or nose.
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
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What are the symptoms of swine flu in people ?
• Similar to the symptoms of normal
human flu (e.g. fever, cough, sore
throat, body aches, headache,
chills and fatigue).Some people
are suffering from diarrhea and
vomiting.
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
18
Is swine Flu very sever or fatal for human?
• Usually not and most of cases are mild and
cured .But sometimes ,Swine flu (Like
normal human flu) can make severe illness
or complication and may be deaths in some
cases specially in high risk groups.
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
19
How long can an infected person spread swine flu to others?
• beginning 1 day before symptoms develop and up
to 7 or more days after becoming sick.
What surfaces are most likely to be sources of contamination?
• Any contaminated surfaces by
droplet from infected person like a
desk , mobile phone, TV remote
control, tabe,,,etc
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
20
How long can viruses live outside the body?
• We know that some viruses and bacteria can
live 2 hours or longer on surfaces like
cafeteria tables, doorknobs, and desks.
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
21
Can I get swine influenza from eating or preparing pork?
• No. Swine influenza viruses are not spread
by food. therefore it is not transmitted by
eating pork or pork products.
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
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Good News
Prevention and treatmentPrevention and treatment
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
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What can I do to prevent my self from getting the flu ?
• The Most important tool is to wash your hands
thoroughly and frequently.
• Promote your health: by balanced food, plenty of
fluids, being physically active, plenty of sleep,
manage your stress,
• Try not touch surfaces that may be
contaminated with the flu virus. Avoid close
contact with people who are sick.
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
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Are there any effective medicines to treat swine flu?
• Yes, like Tamiflu.
• Consult Your doctors first.
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
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Is there is any vaccine to protect human from swine Flu ?
• There is no vaccine available right now to
protect against swine flu.
• WHO is trying hard to produce the vaccine
with drug manufactures.
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
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What should I do if I get sick?
• Do Not panic , consult your doctor immediately if
you live in areas where swine influenza cases have
been identified and become ill with influenza-like
symptoms
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
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Pandemic Stage of Swine Flu in Humans
• level of influenza pandemic alert is phase 4 indicates that the
likelihood of a pandemic has increased, but not that a pandemic is
inevitable.
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
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What about the pandemic risk ?
• If a swine virus establishes efficient human to human
transmission, it can cause an influenza pandemic. The impact
of a pandemic caused by such a virus is difficult to predict: it
depends on virulence of the virus, existing immunity among
people, cross protection by antibodies acquired from seasonal
influenza infection and host factors.
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
29
Travel Health Precaution
• NOT to close borders
• Not to restrict international travel.
• If not important ,It is better to avoid travel
to the suspected areas.
• If you are ill delay international travel.
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
30
Before you leave, Be ready
• Visit well documented international
sites like CDC & WHO
• Consult PMS& OHD Department to
make specific recommendations for
you.
• update all your routine vaccinations,
including seasonal influenza vaccine .
• Always seek medical care if you are
severely ill.
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
31
Antiviral Medications specially for high risk are effective
• Antiviral Medications: consult your doctors before
leaving to suspected areas .
• High risk travelers going to infected areas (e.g. persons
with diabetes, lung disease, heart disease, and the
elderly) are recommended to take antiviral medications
for prevention of swine influenza during travel.
• The recommended antiviral drug is Tamiflu®).
• It keep flu viruses from reproducing in your body. This
drug can prevent infection if taken as a preventative.
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
32
Other Normal Precautions
• Pack a travel health kit that
contains basic first aid and
medical supplies.
• Identify the health-care
resources in the area(s) you will
be visiting.
• Check if your health insurance
plan will cover you abroad.
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
33
During your visit
Monitor the local situation:
• Follow local public health
guidelines, including any
movement restrictions and
prevention recommendations.,
you may be asked to put on a
surgical mask to protect others.
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
34
Practice healthy habits
• Wash your hands often with soap and water.
• Use waterless alcohol-based hand gels
(containing at least 60% alcohol) when soap
is not available and hands are not visibly
dirty.
• Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue
when you cough or sneeze and put your
used tissue in a wastebasket.
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
35
Healthy habits
• If you don't have a tissue, cough or
sneeze into your upper sleeve, not
your hands.
• Wash your hands after coughing or
sneezing, using soap and water or
an alcohol-based hand gel.
• Wear a surgical mask if you are in
contact with other people.
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
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Seek medical care if you feel sick
• Consult your doctor if you are suffering
from any flu like symptoms.
• After you return from Mexico or other
infected areas
• Closely monitor your health for 7 days
• Call your doctor if you feel any flu like
symptoms.
• Follow the same personal hygiene
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
37
World Health Organization Recommendations Summary (27 April 2009)
• NOT to close borders and not to restrict international travel.
• level of influenza pandemic alert is phase 4.that means indicates that the likelihood of a pandemic has increased, but not that a pandemic is inevitable.
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
38
• No risk of infection from consumption of well-cooked pork and pork products.
• • Individuals are advised to wash hands
thoroughly with soap and water on a regular basis
World Health Organization Recommendations Summary (27 April 2009)
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
39
Current Casualties
• As of 27 April 2009, the United States Government has
reported 40 laboratory confirmed human cases of swine
influenza A(H1N1), with no deaths.
• Mexico has reported 26 confirmed human cases of infection
with the same virus, including seven deaths.
- Canada has reported six cases, with no
deaths,
- Spain has reported one case, with no deaths.
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
40
References
• This research is based mainly on the
following sites
• www.cdc.gov/travel.
• www.who.int
• www,mayoclinic.com
الأحمدي – بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز الأحمدي – وحدة بمستشفي الصحة تعزيز HEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALHEALTH PROMOTION UNIT IN AHMADI HOSPITALوحدة
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Health Promotion Unit Ahmadi Hospital
Wishing you a healthy life
Health Promotion Unit Ahmadi Hospital
Wishing you a healthy life